EHD-based load controllers for R134a convective boiling heat exchangers
•EHD controllers for convective boiling heat exchangers were implemented in LabVIEW.•The controllers output negative DC voltage to maximise the range of control.•Response characteristics and power requirements were compared.•EHD controllers could potentially be used for fast, low power load control....
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| Published in | Applied energy Vol. 134; pp. 125 - 132 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Kidlington
Elsevier Ltd
01.12.2014
Elsevier |
| Subjects | |
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| Abstract | •EHD controllers for convective boiling heat exchangers were implemented in LabVIEW.•The controllers output negative DC voltage to maximise the range of control.•Response characteristics and power requirements were compared.•EHD controllers could potentially be used for fast, low power load control.
The objective of this study is to investigate the application of high voltage DC waveforms as a mechanism of load control for convective boiling systems. Electrohydrodynamics (EHD) induces flow pattern redistribution, which directly influences the system performance. EHD can provide a low power (<1W), fast responding method of enhancing two phase flow systems such as heat exchangers. This study compares the use of EHD for load control with control via changing the refrigerant side flow rate in terms of required power, response time and effect on flow parameters. It was found that EHD responds faster and requires less power when a constant exit condition is required for the heat exchanger. Two EHD based controllers; PI controller and a Smith predictor were established using LabVIEW and compared in terms of their response time and regulation behaviour subject to dynamic loading. The Smith predictor resulted in less overshoot and approximately a 50% reduction in settling time in response to dynamic loading. It has been shown that this EHD based controller can regulate subject to ±25% deviation in load from the designed steady state load condition. |
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| AbstractList | •EHD controllers for convective boiling heat exchangers were implemented in LabVIEW.•The controllers output negative DC voltage to maximise the range of control.•Response characteristics and power requirements were compared.•EHD controllers could potentially be used for fast, low power load control.
The objective of this study is to investigate the application of high voltage DC waveforms as a mechanism of load control for convective boiling systems. Electrohydrodynamics (EHD) induces flow pattern redistribution, which directly influences the system performance. EHD can provide a low power (<1W), fast responding method of enhancing two phase flow systems such as heat exchangers. This study compares the use of EHD for load control with control via changing the refrigerant side flow rate in terms of required power, response time and effect on flow parameters. It was found that EHD responds faster and requires less power when a constant exit condition is required for the heat exchanger. Two EHD based controllers; PI controller and a Smith predictor were established using LabVIEW and compared in terms of their response time and regulation behaviour subject to dynamic loading. The Smith predictor resulted in less overshoot and approximately a 50% reduction in settling time in response to dynamic loading. It has been shown that this EHD based controller can regulate subject to ±25% deviation in load from the designed steady state load condition. The objective of this study is to investigate the application of high voltage DC waveforms as a mechanism of load control for convective boiling systems. Electrohydrodynamics (EHD) induces flow pattern redistribution, which directly influences the system performance. EHD can provide a low power (<1W), fast responding method of enhancing two phase flow systems such as heat exchangers. This study compares the use of EHD for load control with control via changing the refrigerant side flow rate in terms of required power, response time and effect on flow parameters. It was found that EHD responds faster and requires less power when a constant exit condition is required for the heat exchanger. Two EHD based controllers; PI controller and a Smith predictor were established using LabVIEW and compared in terms of their response time and regulation behaviour subject to dynamic loading. The Smith predictor resulted in less overshoot and approximately a 50% reduction in settling time in response to dynamic loading. It has been shown that this EHD based controller can regulate subject to ±25% deviation in load from the designed steady state load condition. |
| Author | Cotton, J.S. Nangle-Smith, S. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: S. surname: Nangle-Smith fullname: Nangle-Smith, S. – sequence: 2 givenname: J.S. surname: Cotton fullname: Cotton, J.S. email: cottonjs@mcmaster.ca |
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| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ast_2019_105525 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijheatmasstransfer_2018_03_067 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijheatmasstransfer_2024_125895 crossref_primary_10_3390_mi14020321 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_euromechflu_2023_03_002 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijheatmasstransfer_2019_03_043 crossref_primary_10_1080_10407782_2017_1386512 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijheatmasstransfer_2016_09_011 crossref_primary_10_1108_HFF_08_2017_0308 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_applthermaleng_2024_124721 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_csite_2021_101650 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijheatmasstransfer_2020_120828 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijthermalsci_2023_108346 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijft_2021_100076 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_sna_2024_116187 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijheatmasstransfer_2018_06_076 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijheatmasstransfer_2018_12_019 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_csite_2024_104324 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_applthermaleng_2016_09_016 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_expthermflusci_2016_07_003 |
| Cites_doi | 10.1115/1.1316782 10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.01.015 10.1016/j.elstat.2007.08.008 10.1016/0017-9310(65)90055-4 10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2005.12.003 10.1115/1.4003901 10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.12.060 10.1016/1359-4311(96)00012-9 10.1016/j.apenergy.2010.07.023 10.1016/S0301-9322(99)00090-7 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2012.04.059 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2005.05.032 10.1016/j.cep.2010.06.007 |
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| SubjectTerms | Applied sciences boiling Control controllers Convective boiling Devices using thermal energy electric power Electrohydrodynamics Energy Energy. Thermal use of fuels Exact sciences and technology Flow pattern Heat exchanger heat exchangers Heat exchangers (included heat transformers, condensers, cooling towers) Load following |
| Title | EHD-based load controllers for R134a convective boiling heat exchangers |
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