Contribution of metals in resuspended dust to indoor and personal inhalation exposures: Relationships between PM10 and settled dust
This study investigated relationships between element concentrations in settled indoor dust and airborne particulate matter (PM), and characterized element concentrations in fine (PM2.5) and coarse (PM10-2.5) modes of indoor, outdoor and personal microenvironments. Concentrations in settled house du...
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Published in | Building and environment Vol. 143; pp. 513 - 522 |
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Main Authors | , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Oxford
Elsevier Ltd
01.10.2018
Elsevier BV |
Subjects | |
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Abstract | This study investigated relationships between element concentrations in settled indoor dust and airborne particulate matter (PM), and characterized element concentrations in fine (PM2.5) and coarse (PM10-2.5) modes of indoor, outdoor and personal microenvironments. Concentrations in settled house dust correlated significantly (99% CI) with concentrations in indoor PM10 for 11 out of 17 studied elements: Ag, Al, As, B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, U, V and Zn. Five elements showed significant correlations between personal PM10 and settled dust, at 99% CI for Ag, Al, and As; and at 95% CI for Mn and Sb. These significant dust- PM10 correlations were observed in non-smokers’ homes in Windsor, Canada, in which PM10-2.5 comprised 55% of personal and indoor PM10 (median values in 2005 and 2006 respectively). Several elements were more concentrated in indoor PM10 compared to the settled dust from which the PM10 was derived, with enrichment factors ranging from 1.3 to 11. Dust fractionation experiments confirmed that most trace elements were enriched in resuspended PM10 compared to the parent dust sample. The <10 μm fraction averaged 50% ± 3.6% (by weight) of the total <80 μm dust samples (range 37–56%; n = 69). Concentrations of many elements in the <10 μm fraction of settled dust were 1.4–2.0 times higher in samples from heavily carpeted homes compared to non-carpeted homes, including Al, As and the transition metals Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe Ni and Zn. The results demonstrate that settled dust concentration data are useful for estimating indoor and personal exposures via the inhalation pathway.
•Metals in resuspended house dust significantly influence the metal composition of indoor air PM.•Correlations between personal PM10 and settled house dust are significant for several elements.•Many elements are enriched in the inhalable fraction (<10 μm) of settled dust.•Metal enrichment in inhalable particles is greater in dust from heavily carpeted homes.•Indoor sources of metals can be significant even when indoor/outdoor ratios do not exceed unity. |
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AbstractList | This study investigated relationships between element concentrations in settled indoor dust and airborne particulate matter (PM), and characterized element concentrations in fine (PM2.5) and coarse (PM10-2.5) modes of indoor, outdoor and personal microenvironments. Concentrations in settled house dust correlated significantly (99% CI) with concentrations in indoor PM10 for 11 out of 17 studied elements: Ag, Al, As, B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, U, V and Zn. Five elements showed significant correlations between personal PM10 and settled dust, at 99% CI for Ag, Al, and As; and at 95% CI for Mn and Sb. These significant dust- PM10 correlations were observed in non-smokers’ homes in Windsor, Canada, in which PM10-2.5 comprised 55% of personal and indoor PM10 (median values in 2005 and 2006 respectively). Several elements were more concentrated in indoor PM10 compared to the settled dust from which the PM10 was derived, with enrichment factors ranging from 1.3 to 11. Dust fractionation experiments confirmed that most trace elements were enriched in resuspended PM10 compared to the parent dust sample. The <10 μm fraction averaged 50% ± 3.6% (by weight) of the total <80 μm dust samples (range 37–56%; n = 69). Concentrations of many elements in the <10 μm fraction of settled dust were 1.4–2.0 times higher in samples from heavily carpeted homes compared to non-carpeted homes, including Al, As and the transition metals Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe Ni and Zn. The results demonstrate that settled dust concentration data are useful for estimating indoor and personal exposures via the inhalation pathway. This study investigated relationships between element concentrations in settled indoor dust and airborne particulate matter (PM), and characterized element concentrations in fine (PM2.5) and coarse (PM10-2.5) modes of indoor, outdoor and personal microenvironments. Concentrations in settled house dust correlated significantly (99% CI) with concentrations in indoor PM10 for 11 out of 17 studied elements: Ag, Al, As, B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, U, V and Zn. Five elements showed significant correlations between personal PM10 and settled dust, at 99% CI for Ag, Al, and As; and at 95% CI for Mn and Sb. These significant dust- PM10 correlations were observed in non-smokers’ homes in Windsor, Canada, in which PM10-2.5 comprised 55% of personal and indoor PM10 (median values in 2005 and 2006 respectively). Several elements were more concentrated in indoor PM10 compared to the settled dust from which the PM10 was derived, with enrichment factors ranging from 1.3 to 11. Dust fractionation experiments confirmed that most trace elements were enriched in resuspended PM10 compared to the parent dust sample. The <10 μm fraction averaged 50% ± 3.6% (by weight) of the total <80 μm dust samples (range 37–56%; n = 69). Concentrations of many elements in the <10 μm fraction of settled dust were 1.4–2.0 times higher in samples from heavily carpeted homes compared to non-carpeted homes, including Al, As and the transition metals Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe Ni and Zn. The results demonstrate that settled dust concentration data are useful for estimating indoor and personal exposures via the inhalation pathway. •Metals in resuspended house dust significantly influence the metal composition of indoor air PM.•Correlations between personal PM10 and settled house dust are significant for several elements.•Many elements are enriched in the inhalable fraction (<10 μm) of settled dust.•Metal enrichment in inhalable particles is greater in dust from heavily carpeted homes.•Indoor sources of metals can be significant even when indoor/outdoor ratios do not exceed unity. |
Author | Levesque, Christine Gardner, H. David Rasmussen, Pat E. Chénier, Marc |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Pat E. orcidid: 0000-0001-6748-4255 surname: Rasmussen fullname: Rasmussen, Pat E. email: pat.rasmussen@canada.ca organization: Exposure and Biomonitoring Division, Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, HECSB, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada – sequence: 2 givenname: Christine surname: Levesque fullname: Levesque, Christine organization: Exposure and Biomonitoring Division, Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, HECSB, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada – sequence: 3 givenname: Marc surname: Chénier fullname: Chénier, Marc organization: Exposure and Biomonitoring Division, Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, HECSB, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada – sequence: 4 givenname: H. David surname: Gardner fullname: Gardner, H. David organization: Exposure and Biomonitoring Division, Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, HECSB, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada |
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Keywords | Aggregate exposures Airborne metals PM10-2.5 Coarse particles Resuspended dust Indoor environments |
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SubjectTerms | Aggregate exposures Airborne metals Airborne particulates Aluminum Antimony Building construction Cadmium Carpets Chromium Coarse particles Copper Correlation Dust Exposure Fractionation Heat conductivity House dust Indoor air pollution Indoor air quality Indoor environments Inhalation Iron Lead Manganese Metals Microenvironments Nickel Particulate emissions Particulate matter PM10-2.5 Respiration Resuspended dust Silver Trace elements Transition metals Uranium Weight Zinc |
Title | Contribution of metals in resuspended dust to indoor and personal inhalation exposures: Relationships between PM10 and settled dust |
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