Cell Wall-Related Bionumbers and Bioestimates of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida albicans

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Published inEukaryotic Cell Vol. 13; no. 1; pp. 2 - 9
Main Authors Klis, Frans M., de Koster, Chris G., Brul, Stanley
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States American Society for Microbiology 01.01.2014
Subjects
Candida albicans
Candida albicans - cytology
Candida albicans - metabolism
Candida albicans - physiology
Cell Growth Processes
Cell Wall - chemistry
Cell Wall - metabolism
Fungal Proteins - metabolism
Minireview
Proteome - metabolism
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Saccharomyces cerevisiae - cytology
Saccharomyces cerevisiae - metabolism
Saccharomyces cerevisiae - physiology
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN1535-9778
1535-9786
1535-9786
DOI10.1128/EC.00250-13

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Abstract Classifications Services EC Citing Articles Google Scholar PubMed Related Content Social Bookmarking CiteULike Delicious Digg Facebook Google+ Mendeley Reddit StumbleUpon Twitter current issue Spotlights in the Current Issue EC About EC Subscribers Authors Reviewers Advertisers Inquiries from the Press Permissions & Commercial Reprints ASM Journals Public Access Policy EC RSS Feeds 1752 N Street N.W. • Washington DC 20036 202.737.3600 • 202.942.9355 fax • journals@asmusa.org Print ISSN: 1535-9778 Online ISSN: 1535-9786 Copyright © 2014 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to EC .asm.org, visit: EC       
AbstractList Bionumbers and bioestimates are valuable tools in biological research. Here we focus on cell wall-related bionumbers and bioestimates of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the polymorphic, pathogenic fungus Candida albicans . We discuss the linear relationship between cell size and cell ploidy, the correlation between cell size and specific growth rate, the effect of turgor pressure on cell size, and the reason why using fixed cells for measuring cellular dimensions can result in serious underestimation of in vivo values. We further consider the evidence that individual buds and hyphae grow linearly and that exponential growth of the population results from regular formation of new daughter cells and regular hyphal branching. Our calculations show that hyphal growth allows C. albicans to cover much larger distances per unit of time than the yeast mode of growth and that this is accompanied by strongly increased surface expansion rates. We therefore predict that the transcript levels of genes involved in wall formation increase during hyphal growth. Interestingly, wall proteins and polysaccharides seem barely, if at all, subject to turnover and replacement. A general lesson is how strongly most bionumbers and bioestimates depend on environmental conditions and genetic background, thus reemphasizing the importance of well-defined and carefully chosen culture conditions and experimental approaches. Finally, we propose that the numbers and estimates described here offer a solid starting point for similar studies of other cell compartments and other yeast species.
Bionumbers and bioestimates are valuable tools in biological research. Here we focus on cell wall-related bionumbers and bioestimates of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the polymorphic, pathogenic fungus Candida albicans. We discuss the linear relationship between cell size and cell ploidy, the correlation between cell size and specific growth rate, the effect of turgor pressure on cell size, and the reason why using fixed cells for measuring cellular dimensions can result in serious underestimation of in vivo values. We further consider the evidence that individual buds and hyphae grow linearly and that exponential growth of the population results from regular formation of new daughter cells and regular hyphal branching. Our calculations show that hyphal growth allows C. albicans to cover much larger distances per unit of time than the yeast mode of growth and that this is accompanied by strongly increased surface expansion rates. We therefore predict that the transcript levels of genes involved in wall formation increase during hyphal growth. Interestingly, wall proteins and polysaccharides seem barely, if at all, subject to turnover and replacement. A general lesson is how strongly most bionumbers and bioestimates depend on environmental conditions and genetic background, thus reemphasizing the importance of well-defined and carefully chosen culture conditions and experimental approaches. Finally, we propose that the numbers and estimates described here offer a solid starting point for similar studies of other cell compartments and other yeast species.
Bionumbers and bioestimates are valuable tools in biological research. Here we focus on cell wall-related bionumbers and bioestimates of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the polymorphic, pathogenic fungus Candida albicans. We discuss the linear relationship between cell size and cell ploidy, the correlation between cell size and specific growth rate, the effect of turgor pressure on cell size, and the reason why using fixed cells for measuring cellular dimensions can result in serious underestimation of in vivo values. We further consider the evidence that individual buds and hyphae grow linearly and that exponential growth of the population results from regular formation of new daughter cells and regular hyphal branching. Our calculations show that hyphal growth allows C. albicans to cover much larger distances per unit of time than the yeast mode of growth and that this is accompanied by strongly increased surface expansion rates. We therefore predict that the transcript levels of genes involved in wall formation increase during hyphal growth. Interestingly, wall proteins and polysaccharides seem barely, if at all, subject to turnover and replacement. A general lesson is how strongly most bionumbers and bioestimates depend on environmental conditions and genetic background, thus reemphasizing the importance of well-defined and carefully chosen culture conditions and experimental approaches. Finally, we propose that the numbers and estimates described here offer a solid starting point for similar studies of other cell compartments and other yeast species.Bionumbers and bioestimates are valuable tools in biological research. Here we focus on cell wall-related bionumbers and bioestimates of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the polymorphic, pathogenic fungus Candida albicans. We discuss the linear relationship between cell size and cell ploidy, the correlation between cell size and specific growth rate, the effect of turgor pressure on cell size, and the reason why using fixed cells for measuring cellular dimensions can result in serious underestimation of in vivo values. We further consider the evidence that individual buds and hyphae grow linearly and that exponential growth of the population results from regular formation of new daughter cells and regular hyphal branching. Our calculations show that hyphal growth allows C. albicans to cover much larger distances per unit of time than the yeast mode of growth and that this is accompanied by strongly increased surface expansion rates. We therefore predict that the transcript levels of genes involved in wall formation increase during hyphal growth. Interestingly, wall proteins and polysaccharides seem barely, if at all, subject to turnover and replacement. A general lesson is how strongly most bionumbers and bioestimates depend on environmental conditions and genetic background, thus reemphasizing the importance of well-defined and carefully chosen culture conditions and experimental approaches. Finally, we propose that the numbers and estimates described here offer a solid starting point for similar studies of other cell compartments and other yeast species.
Classifications Services EC Citing Articles Google Scholar PubMed Related Content Social Bookmarking CiteULike Delicious Digg Facebook Google+ Mendeley Reddit StumbleUpon Twitter current issue Spotlights in the Current Issue EC About EC Subscribers Authors Reviewers Advertisers Inquiries from the Press Permissions & Commercial Reprints ASM Journals Public Access Policy EC RSS Feeds 1752 N Street N.W. • Washington DC 20036 202.737.3600 • 202.942.9355 fax • journals@asmusa.org Print ISSN: 1535-9778 Online ISSN: 1535-9786 Copyright © 2014 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to EC .asm.org, visit: EC       
Author Chris G. de Koster
Frans M. Klis
Stanley Brul
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Frans M.
  surname: Klis
  fullname: Klis, Frans M.
  organization: Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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  givenname: Chris G.
  surname: de Koster
  fullname: de Koster, Chris G.
  organization: Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Stanley
  surname: Brul
  fullname: Brul, Stanley
  organization: Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24243791$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Bionumbers and bioestimates are valuable tools in biological research. Here we focus on cell wall-related bionumbers and bioestimates of the budding yeast...
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SubjectTerms Candida albicans
Candida albicans - cytology
Candida albicans - metabolism
Candida albicans - physiology
Cell Growth Processes
Cell Wall - chemistry
Cell Wall - metabolism
Fungal Proteins - metabolism
Minireview
Proteome - metabolism
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Saccharomyces cerevisiae - cytology
Saccharomyces cerevisiae - metabolism
Saccharomyces cerevisiae - physiology
Title Cell Wall-Related Bionumbers and Bioestimates of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida albicans
URI http://ec.asm.org/content/13/1/2.abstract
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24243791
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1490722405
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1496895564
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC3910951
Volume 13
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