Prosodic Facilitation and Interference in the Resolution of Temporary Syntactic Closure Ambiguity
Subjects listened to sentences with early closure (e.g.,When Roger leaves the house is dark) or late closure syntax (e.g.,When Roger leaves the house it's dark) and one of three prosodies: cooperating (coinciding prosodic and syntactic boundary), baseline (phonetically neutralized prosodic boun...
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| Published in | Journal of memory and language Vol. 40; no. 2; pp. 153 - 194 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
San Diego, CA
Elsevier Inc
01.02.1999
Elsevier Academic Press |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Subjects listened to sentences with early closure (e.g.,When Roger leaves the house is dark) or late closure syntax (e.g.,When Roger leaves the house it's dark) and one of three prosodies: cooperating (coinciding prosodic and syntactic boundary), baseline (phonetically neutralized prosodic boundary), and conflicting (prosodic boundary at a misleading syntactic location). Prosodic manipulations were verified by phonetic measurements and listener judgments. Four experiments demonstrated facilitation in speeded phonosyntactic grammaticality judgment, end-of-sentence comprehension, and cross-modal naming tasks: Sentences with cooperating prosody were processed more quickly than those with baseline prosody. Three experiments showed interference: Sentences with conflicting prosody were processed more slowly than those with baseline prosody. All experiments demonstrated a processing advantage for late closure structures in the conflicting and baseline conditions, but no differences between syntactic types in the cooperating condition. Cross-modal naming results showed early syntactic effects due to both high-level and intermediate-level prosodic boundaries. We argue that the initial syntactic structure assigned to an utterance can be determined by its prosodic phonological representation. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | To investigate effects of prosody on complex sentence processing, English sentence pairs of the type When Roger leaves the house is /it's dark, contrasting early vs late closure of the first clausal constituent, were manipulated into three prosodic patterns: (1) a baseline pattern with L+H* pitch accent on the subject noun & a backward-spreading L-accent at the clause boundary, giving a phonetically similar result for both members of each pair; (2) a cooperating prosody condition with H* accent on the clause-final word & an intonational phrase boundary (L- & L%) coinciding with the clause boundary; & (3) a conflicting prosody condition, ie, pattern (2) from the other member of each pair. Three experiments (N = 66, 66, & 60 respectively) with speeded phonosyntactic grammaticality judgments, a timed end-of-sentence comprehension task, & a cross-modal naming task show that cooperating prosody reduced the processing difficulty of the less preferred parse & that conflicting prosody increased the processing difficulty of both parses. A fourth experiment (N = 48) repeated the cross-modal naming task with stimuli containing only phonological phrase boundaries, not intonational phrase boundaries; results are strikingly similar to those obtained in experiment 3 with intonational phrase boundaries. 9 Tables, 7 Figures, 1 Appendix, 72 References. J. Hitchcock Subjects listened to sentences with early closure (e.g.,When Roger leaves the house is dark) or late closure syntax (e.g.,When Roger leaves the house it's dark) and one of three prosodies: cooperating (coinciding prosodic and syntactic boundary), baseline (phonetically neutralized prosodic boundary), and conflicting (prosodic boundary at a misleading syntactic location). Prosodic manipulations were verified by phonetic measurements and listener judgments. Four experiments demonstrated facilitation in speeded phonosyntactic grammaticality judgment, end-of-sentence comprehension, and cross-modal naming tasks: Sentences with cooperating prosody were processed more quickly than those with baseline prosody. Three experiments showed interference: Sentences with conflicting prosody were processed more slowly than those with baseline prosody. All experiments demonstrated a processing advantage for late closure structures in the conflicting and baseline conditions, but no differences between syntactic types in the cooperating condition. Cross-modal naming results showed early syntactic effects due to both high-level and intermediate-level prosodic boundaries. We argue that the initial syntactic structure assigned to an utterance can be determined by its prosodic phonological representation. |
| Author | Kjelgaard, Margaret M. Speer, Shari R. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Margaret M. surname: Kjelgaard fullname: Kjelgaard, Margaret M. organization: E. K. Shriver Center and University of Massachusetts-Boston – sequence: 2 givenname: Shari R. surname: Speer fullname: Speer, Shari R. organization: University of Kansas |
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| Snippet | Subjects listened to sentences with early closure (e.g.,When Roger leaves the house is dark) or late closure syntax (e.g.,When Roger leaves the house it's... To investigate effects of prosody on complex sentence processing, English sentence pairs of the type When Roger leaves the house is /it's dark, contrasting... |
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| SubjectTerms | ambiguity Biological and medical sciences Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Language parsing Production and perception of spoken language prosody Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychology. Psychophysiology syntax ToBI |
| Title | Prosodic Facilitation and Interference in the Resolution of Temporary Syntactic Closure Ambiguity |
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