Demineralization of tooth enamel following radiation therapy; An in vitro microstructure and microhardness analysis
The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of radiotherapy doses on mineral density and percentage mineral volume of human permanent tooth enamel. Synchrotron radiation Xray microcomputed tomography (SRμCT) and microhardness testing were carried out on 8 and 20 tooth samples, respectivel...
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Published in | Journal of cancer research and therapeutics Vol. 16; no. 3; pp. 612 - 618 |
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Abstract | The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of radiotherapy doses on mineral density and percentage mineral volume of human permanent tooth enamel.
Synchrotron radiation Xray microcomputed tomography (SRμCT) and microhardness testing were carried out on 8 and 20 tooth samples, respectively. Enamel mineral density was derived from SRμCT technique using ImageJ software. Microhardness samples were subjected to Vickers indentations followed by calculation of microhardness and percentage mineral volume values using respective mathematical measures. Data were analyzed using paired t-test at a significance level of 5%. Qualitative analysis of the enamel microstructure was done with two-dimensional projection images and scanned electron micrographs using μCT and field emission scanning electron microscopy, respectively.
Vickers microhardness and SRμCT techniques showed a decrease in microhardness and an increase in mineral density, respectively, in postirradiated samples. These changes were related to mineral density variation and alteration of hydroxyapatite crystal lattice in enamel surface. Enamel microstructure showed key features such as microporosities and loss of smooth homogeneous surface. These indicate tribological loss and delamination of enamel which might lead to radiation caries.
Tooth surface loss might be a major contributing factor for radiation caries in head-and-neck cancer patients prescribed to radiotherapy. Such direct effects of radiotherapy cause enamel abrasion, delamination, and damage to the dentinoenamel junction. Suitable measures should, therefore, be worked out to protect nontarget oral tissues such as teeth while delivering effective dosages to target regions. |
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AbstractList | The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of radiotherapy doses on mineral density and percentage mineral volume of human permanent tooth enamel.
Synchrotron radiation Xray microcomputed tomography (SRμCT) and microhardness testing were carried out on 8 and 20 tooth samples, respectively. Enamel mineral density was derived from SRμCT technique using ImageJ software. Microhardness samples were subjected to Vickers indentations followed by calculation of microhardness and percentage mineral volume values using respective mathematical measures. Data were analyzed using paired t-test at a significance level of 5%. Qualitative analysis of the enamel microstructure was done with two-dimensional projection images and scanned electron micrographs using μCT and field emission scanning electron microscopy, respectively.
Vickers microhardness and SRμCT techniques showed a decrease in microhardness and an increase in mineral density, respectively, in postirradiated samples. These changes were related to mineral density variation and alteration of hydroxyapatite crystal lattice in enamel surface. Enamel microstructure showed key features such as microporosities and loss of smooth homogeneous surface. These indicate tribological loss and delamination of enamel which might lead to radiation caries.
Tooth surface loss might be a major contributing factor for radiation caries in head-and-neck cancer patients prescribed to radiotherapy. Such direct effects of radiotherapy cause enamel abrasion, delamination, and damage to the dentinoenamel junction. Suitable measures should, therefore, be worked out to protect nontarget oral tissues such as teeth while delivering effective dosages to target regions. |
Audience | Professional |
Author | Sharma, Sunil Dutt Kudkuli, Jagadish Rekha, P D Manzoor, Muhammed A P Rao, B S Abdulla, Riaz Singh, Balwant Gurjar, Om Prakash Agrawal, Ashish |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Jagadish surname: Kudkuli fullname: Kudkuli, Jagadish organization: Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Indore, India – sequence: 2 givenname: Ashish surname: Agrawal fullname: Agrawal, Ashish organization: Imaging Beamline (BL-4), BARC Beamline Section, Technical Physics Division, Indus-2, RRCAT, Indore, India – sequence: 3 givenname: Om Prakash surname: Gurjar fullname: Gurjar, Om Prakash organization: Department of Radiotherapy, Sri Aurobindo Institute of Medical Sciences, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India – sequence: 4 givenname: Sunil Dutt surname: Sharma fullname: Sharma, Sunil Dutt organization: Radiological Physics and Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre; Department of Health Sciences, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India – sequence: 5 givenname: P D surname: Rekha fullname: Rekha, P D organization: Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Indore, India – sequence: 6 givenname: Muhammed A P surname: Manzoor fullname: Manzoor, Muhammed A P organization: Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Indore, India – sequence: 7 givenname: Balwant surname: Singh fullname: Singh, Balwant organization: Imaging Beamline (BL-4), BARC Beamline Section, Technical Physics Division, Indus-2, RRCAT, Indore, India – sequence: 8 givenname: B S surname: Rao fullname: Rao, B S organization: Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Indore, India – sequence: 9 givenname: Riaz surname: Abdulla fullname: Abdulla, Riaz organization: Depatment of Biomaterials & Research centre, Department of Oral pathology, Yenepoya Dental College, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Indore, India |
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SubjectTerms | CAT scans Dental Enamel - radiation effects Dental Enamel - ultrastructure Hardness - radiation effects Head and Neck Neoplasms - pathology Head and Neck Neoplasms - radiotherapy Humans In Vitro Techniques Microscopy, Electron, Scanning - methods Radiation (Physics) Radiation Injuries - etiology Radiation Injuries - pathology Radiotherapy Surface Properties Tooth Demineralization - etiology Tooth Demineralization - pathology X-Ray Microtomography - methods |
Title | Demineralization of tooth enamel following radiation therapy; An in vitro microstructure and microhardness analysis |
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