The endocannabinoid system and gut–brain signalling

The endocannabinoid system (ECS) consists of cannabinoid receptors, endogenous ligands and the biosynthetic and metabolic enzymes for their formation and degradation. Within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, the ECS is involved in the regulation of motility, secretion, sensation, emesis, satiety and...

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Published inCurrent opinion in pharmacology Vol. 7; no. 6; pp. 575 - 582
Main Authors Storr, Martin A, Sharkey, Keith A
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Elsevier Ltd 01.12.2007
Subjects
Animals
Brain - physiology
Brain Chemistry
Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators - metabolism
Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators - physiology
Endocannabinoids
Gastrointestinal Tract - metabolism
Gastrointestinal Tract - physiology
Humans
Internal Medicine
Medical Education
Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1 - physiology
Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2 - physiology
Signal Transduction - physiology
TRPV Cation Channels - physiology
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Abstract The endocannabinoid system (ECS) consists of cannabinoid receptors, endogenous ligands and the biosynthetic and metabolic enzymes for their formation and degradation. Within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, the ECS is involved in the regulation of motility, secretion, sensation, emesis, satiety and inflammation. Recent studies examining the ECS in the gut–brain axis have shed new light on this system and reveal many facets of regulation that are amenable to targeting by pharmacological interventions that may prove valuable for the treatment of GI disorders. In particular, it has been shown that endocannabinoid levels in the brain and gut vary according to states of satiety, and in conditions of diarrhea, emesis and inflammation. The expression of cannabinoid (CB)1 receptors on vagal afferents is controlled by the states of satiety and by gut peptides such as cholecystokinin and ghrelin. Vagal control of gut motor function and emesis is regulated by endocannabinoids in the brainstem acting on CB1 , CB2 and transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV)-1 receptors. The ECS is involved in the modulation of visceral sensation and likely contributes to effects of stress on GI function. This review examines recent developments in our understanding of the ECS in gut–brain signalling.
AbstractList The endocannabinoid system (ECS) consists of cannabinoid receptors, endogenous ligands and the biosynthetic and metabolic enzymes for their formation and degradation. Within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, the ECS is involved in the regulation of motility, secretion, sensation, emesis, satiety and inflammation. Recent studies examining the ECS in the gut-brain axis have shed new light on this system and reveal many facets of regulation that are amenable to targeting by pharmacological interventions that may prove valuable for the treatment of GI disorders. In particular, it has been shown that endocannabinoid levels in the brain and gut vary according to states of satiety, and in conditions of diarrhea, emesis and inflammation. The expression of cannabinoid (CB)(1) receptors on vagal afferents is controlled by the states of satiety and by gut peptides such as cholecystokinin and ghrelin. Vagal control of gut motor function and emesis is regulated by endocannabinoids in the brainstem acting on CB(1), CB(2) and transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV)-1 receptors. The ECS is involved in the modulation of visceral sensation and likely contributes to effects of stress on GI function. This review examines recent developments in our understanding of the ECS in gut-brain signalling.
The endocannabinoid system (ECS) consists of cannabinoid receptors, endogenous ligands and the biosynthetic and metabolic enzymes for their formation and degradation. Within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, the ECS is involved in the regulation of motility, secretion, sensation, emesis, satiety and inflammation. Recent studies examining the ECS in the gut–brain axis have shed new light on this system and reveal many facets of regulation that are amenable to targeting by pharmacological interventions that may prove valuable for the treatment of GI disorders. In particular, it has been shown that endocannabinoid levels in the brain and gut vary according to states of satiety, and in conditions of diarrhea, emesis and inflammation. The expression of cannabinoid (CB)1 receptors on vagal afferents is controlled by the states of satiety and by gut peptides such as cholecystokinin and ghrelin. Vagal control of gut motor function and emesis is regulated by endocannabinoids in the brainstem acting on CB1, CB2 and transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV)-1 receptors. The ECS is involved in the modulation of visceral sensation and likely contributes to effects of stress on GI function. This review examines recent developments in our understanding of the ECS in gut–brain signalling.
The endocannabinoid system (ECS) consists of cannabinoid receptors, endogenous ligands and the biosynthetic and metabolic enzymes for their formation and degradation. Within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, the ECS is involved in the regulation of motility, secretion, sensation, emesis, satiety and inflammation. Recent studies examining the ECS in the gut-brain axis have shed new light on this system and reveal many facets of regulation that are amenable to targeting by pharmacological interventions that may prove valuable for the treatment of GI disorders. In particular, it has been shown that endocannabinoid levels in the brain and gut vary according to states of satiety, and in conditions of diarrhea, emesis and inflammation. The expression of cannabinoid (CB) sub(1) receptors on vagal afferents is controlled by the states of satiety and by gut peptides such as cholecystokinin and ghrelin. Vagal control of gut motor function and emesis is regulated by endocannabinoids in the brainstem acting on CB sub(1), CB sub(2) and transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV)-1 receptors. The ECS is involved in the modulation of visceral sensation and likely contributes to effects of stress on GI function. This review examines recent developments in our understanding of the ECS in gut-brain signalling.
Author Storr, Martin A
Sharkey, Keith A
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Snippet The endocannabinoid system (ECS) consists of cannabinoid receptors, endogenous ligands and the biosynthetic and metabolic enzymes for their formation and...
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SubjectTerms Animals
Brain - physiology
Brain Chemistry
Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators - metabolism
Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators - physiology
Endocannabinoids
Gastrointestinal Tract - metabolism
Gastrointestinal Tract - physiology
Humans
Internal Medicine
Medical Education
Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1 - physiology
Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2 - physiology
Signal Transduction - physiology
TRPV Cation Channels - physiology
Title The endocannabinoid system and gut–brain signalling
URI https://www.clinicalkey.es/playcontent/1-s2.0-S1471489207001415
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coph.2007.08.008
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17904903
https://search.proquest.com/docview/20481377
https://search.proquest.com/docview/69029665
Volume 7
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