Tribological evaluation of coconut oil as an environment-friendly lubricant
Increased concerns about environmental damage caused by mineral oil based lubricants, has created a growing worldwide trend of promoting vegetable oil as base oil for automobile lubricants. Coconut oil, which is abundantly available in southern states of India, is reportedly being widely used as two...
Saved in:
Published in | Tribology international Vol. 40; no. 2; pp. 350 - 354 |
---|---|
Main Authors | , , |
Format | Journal Article Conference Proceeding |
Language | English |
Published |
Oxford
Elsevier Ltd
01.02.2007
Elsevier |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
ISSN | 0301-679X 1879-2464 |
DOI | 10.1016/j.triboint.2005.09.021 |
Cover
Loading…
Abstract | Increased concerns about environmental damage caused by mineral oil based lubricants, has created a growing worldwide trend of promoting vegetable oil as base oil for automobile lubricants. Coconut oil, which is abundantly available in southern states of India, is reportedly being widely used as two-stroke engine lubricant (2T oil) by autorikshaw
1
1
A tri-wheeled three seated vehicle powered by two stroke air cooled engine used as a taxi in India.
drivers. A survey among the users of coconut oil as 2T oil brought forth complaints of increased engine wear. This paper presents tribological properties of coconut oil evaluated using a four-ball tester and a test rig to test the wear on two stroke engines. The influence of an antiwear/extreme pressure (AW/EP) additive on the tribological performance of coconut oil was also evaluated experimentally. The addition of the AW/EP additive has brought about considerable reduction in wear with coconut oil as 2T oil. |
---|---|
AbstractList | Increased concerns about environmental damage caused by mineral oil based lubricants, has created a growing worldwide trend of promoting vegetable oil as base oil for automobile lubricants. Coconut oil, which is abundantly available in southern states of India, is reportedly being widely used as two-stroke engine lubricant (2T oil) by autorikshaw1 drivers. A survey among the users of coconut oil as 2T oil brought forth complaints of increased engine wear. This paper presents tribological properties of coconut oil evaluated using a four-ball tester and a test rig to test the wear on two stroke engines. The influence of an antiwear/extreme pressure (AW/EP) additive on the tribological performance of coconut oil was also evaluated experimentally. The addition of the AW/EP additive has brought about considerable reduction in wear with coconut oil as 2T oil. Increased concerns about environmental damage caused by mineral oil based lubricants, has created a growing worldwide trend of promoting vegetable oil as base oil for automobile lubricants. Coconut oil, which is abundantly available in southern states of India, is reportedly being widely used as two-stroke engine lubricant (2T oil) by autorikshaw 1 1 A tri-wheeled three seated vehicle powered by two stroke air cooled engine used as a taxi in India. drivers. A survey among the users of coconut oil as 2T oil brought forth complaints of increased engine wear. This paper presents tribological properties of coconut oil evaluated using a four-ball tester and a test rig to test the wear on two stroke engines. The influence of an antiwear/extreme pressure (AW/EP) additive on the tribological performance of coconut oil was also evaluated experimentally. The addition of the AW/EP additive has brought about considerable reduction in wear with coconut oil as 2T oil. |
Author | G, Ajithkumar Prabhakaran Nair, K Jayadas, N.H. |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: N.H. surname: Jayadas fullname: Jayadas, N.H. email: jayadasnh@cusat.ac.in organization: School of Engineering, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi-682022, India – sequence: 2 givenname: K surname: Prabhakaran Nair fullname: Prabhakaran Nair, K organization: Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut-673601, India – sequence: 3 givenname: Ajithkumar surname: G fullname: G, Ajithkumar organization: School of Engineering, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi-682022, India |
BackLink | http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=18411347$$DView record in Pascal Francis |
BookMark | eNqFkD1rHDEURUVwIGsnfyFME3czftJ8aAQpYowdGxvSOJBOvNE8BS1ayZE0C_73mc06KdK4es099_LOKTsJMRBjHzk0HPhwsW1KclN0oTQCoG9ANSD4G7bho1S16IbuhG2gBV4PUv14x05z3gKA7JTcsPvHA-vjT2fQV7RHv2BxMVTRViaaGJZSRecrzBWGisLepRh2FEptk6Mw--fKL1Na6VDes7cWfaYPL_eMfb-5fry6rR--fb27unyoTdeqUs8c-t4QJxwnObSgehxnbKdZyNlKjnYkISbe2xFHGnoxAJECbCWNVhiQ7Rk7P_Y-pfhroVz0zmVD3mOguGQtVN8r3g5r8NNLEPP6nk0YjMv6KbkdpmfNx47ztjsUfj7mTIo5J7LauPJHQ0novOagD6b1Vv81rQ-mNSi9ml7x4T_838Jr4JcjSKutvaOks1mlGppdIlP0HN1rFb8BxiWgkA |
CODEN | TRBIBK |
CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1177_1350650119899208 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_molstruc_2023_137307 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_wear_2025_205740 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_025_86025_8 crossref_primary_10_1039_D3SE01526B crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cja_2023_03_026 crossref_primary_10_1142_S0218625X21500578 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jclepro_2017_03_023 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_indcrop_2013_08_074 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_rineng_2022_100608 crossref_primary_10_2474_trol_6_76 crossref_primary_10_2139_ssrn_4516923 crossref_primary_10_4028_www_scientific_net_AMM_554_286 crossref_primary_10_2478_eces_2024_0036 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_fuel_2014_06_066 crossref_primary_10_1021_ie501093j crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ejpe_2018_04_001 crossref_primary_10_3390_molecules201219805 crossref_primary_10_1108_ILT_06_2020_0217 crossref_primary_10_5937_fme2002476R crossref_primary_10_3390_pr11103034 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_indcrop_2019_111653 crossref_primary_10_3390_ma14237206 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_promfg_2020_02_183 crossref_primary_10_1108_00368791011012434 crossref_primary_10_1177_1350650120927170 crossref_primary_10_4028_www_scientific_net_AMM_660_357 crossref_primary_10_1039_C6RA10016C crossref_primary_10_1088_1757_899X_514_1_012012 crossref_primary_10_1088_1757_899X_114_1_012111 crossref_primary_10_2139_ssrn_3989173 crossref_primary_10_1080_10402004_2010_518341 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_matpr_2021_01_046 crossref_primary_10_1007_s13399_023_04425_0 crossref_primary_10_1088_1757_899X_1132_1_012003 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00340_019_7228_6 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12206_015_1035_8 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10668_022_02669_w crossref_primary_10_1007_s13399_021_02118_0 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jmapro_2021_03_019 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_triboint_2023_108998 crossref_primary_10_1155_2022_3819774 crossref_primary_10_1177_1350650114544712 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_triboint_2009_12_065 crossref_primary_10_1007_s42452_019_0706_y crossref_primary_10_1049_mnl_2018_5595 crossref_primary_10_1080_10402001003599769 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_rser_2018_05_024 crossref_primary_10_1177_1350650120975518 crossref_primary_10_5604_01_3001_0014_8335 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jclepro_2022_133928 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jclepro_2023_136717 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_procir_2014_07_155 crossref_primary_10_1051_e3sconf_20184500103 crossref_primary_10_1108_ILT_01_2019_0030 crossref_primary_10_1177_1350650120925587 crossref_primary_10_1080_01430750_2018_1517684 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12155_019_10040_7 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_matpr_2017_02_275 crossref_primary_10_1177_1350650120981478 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jclepro_2022_134454 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12541_012_0015_5 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12649_014_9323_6 crossref_primary_10_1108_ILT_05_2018_0196 crossref_primary_10_54684_ijmmt_2022_14_3_333 crossref_primary_10_1088_1757_899X_602_1_012068 crossref_primary_10_3390_lubricants12040126 crossref_primary_10_1039_D0NJ00191K crossref_primary_10_1007_s40430_019_1905_6 crossref_primary_10_1002_ls_1554 crossref_primary_10_1039_C6RA27743H crossref_primary_10_1080_23311916_2024_2334397 crossref_primary_10_1080_17515831_2019_1648066 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_matpr_2020_06_027 crossref_primary_10_1002_ls_85 crossref_primary_10_1115_1_4054398 crossref_primary_10_1177_1350650117713541 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12541_009_0088_y crossref_primary_10_1016_j_matpr_2020_07_564 crossref_primary_10_2474_trol_10_344 crossref_primary_10_1021_acs_iecr_6b01550 crossref_primary_10_1515_green_2015_0003 crossref_primary_10_1021_acs_langmuir_0c02967 crossref_primary_10_3390_lubricants12030090 crossref_primary_10_1080_01932691_2019_1667818 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_matpr_2020_09_458 crossref_primary_10_15251_DJNB_2022_171_47 crossref_primary_10_1021_jf200188r crossref_primary_10_1177_1350650117746803 crossref_primary_10_1080_10942912_2014_986577 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_molliq_2023_122465 crossref_primary_10_2139_ssrn_3332391 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_surfcoat_2016_06_092 crossref_primary_10_4028_www_scientific_net_AMM_388_47 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_energy_2013_01_038 crossref_primary_10_1080_10402004_2017_1290858 crossref_primary_10_1177_1350650118819634 crossref_primary_10_1177_1350650117712344 crossref_primary_10_1520_JTE20170229 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijrmhm_2015_07_016 crossref_primary_10_4028_www_scientific_net_AMM_465_466_562 crossref_primary_10_4028_www_scientific_net_AMM_895_212 crossref_primary_10_1080_10402004_2020_1795331 crossref_primary_10_2474_trol_11_556 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11356_019_05000_9 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_eti_2023_103366 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40430_018_1379_y crossref_primary_10_1021_jp806440d crossref_primary_10_1177_1350650119861785 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12666_023_03016_x crossref_primary_10_1108_ILT_06_2017_0156 crossref_primary_10_1177_1350650120973793 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jclepro_2019_118255 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10973_022_11732_7 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_indcrop_2015_05_042 crossref_primary_10_1080_15567030802606053 crossref_primary_10_4028_www_scientific_net_AMR_902_76 crossref_primary_10_1021_ie5009986 crossref_primary_10_1177_1350650120925590 crossref_primary_10_3390_lubricants11120499 crossref_primary_10_1108_ILT_05_2021_0158 crossref_primary_10_1007_s13399_022_02471_8 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_rser_2014_08_079 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jclepro_2020_125347 crossref_primary_10_1007_s13399_022_03603_w crossref_primary_10_1016_j_psep_2017_08_041 crossref_primary_10_1088_1757_899X_1004_1_012016 crossref_primary_10_18185_erzifbed_1199745 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jics_2022_100849 crossref_primary_10_4028_www_scientific_net_AMM_315_936 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11743_016_1806_y crossref_primary_10_1016_j_rser_2023_113413 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12206_008_0506_6 crossref_primary_10_5650_jos_ess24068 crossref_primary_10_5650_jos_ess17140 crossref_primary_10_1002_aocs_12877 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jclepro_2022_130733 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jtice_2016_05_033 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12517_021_08232_7 crossref_primary_10_1080_17515831_2015_1118589 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_fuel_2020_118242 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40544_022_0601_1 crossref_primary_10_1115_1_4006925 crossref_primary_10_1155_2012_560175 crossref_primary_10_3389_fmech_2024_1488407 crossref_primary_10_1615_InterJEnerCleanEnv_2024051835 crossref_primary_10_1080_17597269_2016_1215065 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12649_015_9394_z crossref_primary_10_1016_j_fuel_2018_12_094 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_rser_2017_05_274 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_heliyon_2019_e02065 crossref_primary_10_1631_jzus_A1200021 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_indcrop_2015_12_082 crossref_primary_10_1080_15567036_2018_1486479 crossref_primary_10_1177_09544062221124006 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11356_022_19746_2 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms20164018 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_crgsc_2022_100262 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_rser_2014_01_062 crossref_primary_10_1088_2053_1591_aad36b crossref_primary_10_1016_j_rser_2017_09_004 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11249_011_9910_7 crossref_primary_10_3390_en10010055 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_renene_2019_06_117 crossref_primary_10_3390_lubricants9020021 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_mspro_2014_07_529 |
Cites_doi | 10.1016/0040-6031(95)02512-X 10.1016/S0043-1648(98)00331-7 10.1016/S0926-6690(99)00061-8 10.1016/S0301-679X(98)00077-2 10.1016/S0043-1648(98)00369-X 10.1093/oso/9780198507772.003.0015 10.1016/S0926-860X(01)00891-2 10.1016/S0301-679X(98)00006-1 10.1016/j.envpol.2003.11.001 10.1016/S0301-679X(03)00100-2 |
ContentType | Journal Article Conference Proceeding |
Copyright | 2006 Elsevier Ltd 2007 INIST-CNRS |
Copyright_xml | – notice: 2006 Elsevier Ltd – notice: 2007 INIST-CNRS |
DBID | AAYXX CITATION IQODW 7SR 7TB 7U5 8BQ 8FD F28 FR3 JG9 L7M |
DOI | 10.1016/j.triboint.2005.09.021 |
DatabaseName | CrossRef Pascal-Francis Engineered Materials Abstracts Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts METADEX Technology Research Database ANTE: Abstracts in New Technology & Engineering Engineering Research Database Materials Research Database Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace |
DatabaseTitle | CrossRef Materials Research Database Engineered Materials Abstracts Technology Research Database Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts Engineering Research Database Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace ANTE: Abstracts in New Technology & Engineering METADEX |
DatabaseTitleList | Materials Research Database |
DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
Discipline | Engineering Applied Sciences |
EISSN | 1879-2464 |
EndPage | 354 |
ExternalDocumentID | 18411347 10_1016_j_triboint_2005_09_021 S0301679X06001289 |
GroupedDBID | --K --M .DC .~1 0R~ 123 1B1 1~. 1~5 29Q 4.4 457 4G. 5VS 7-5 71M 8P~ 9JN AABNK AABXZ AACTN AAEDT AAEDW AAEPC AAIAV AAIKJ AAKOC AALRI AAOAW AAQFI AAQXK AAXUO ABDEX ABJNI ABMAC ABNUV ABTAH ABXDB ABXRA ABYKQ ACDAQ ACGFS ACIWK ACNNM ACRLP ADBBV ADEWK ADEZE ADMUD ADTZH AEBSH AECPX AEKER AENEX AEZYN AFKWA AFRZQ AFTJW AGHFR AGUBO AGYEJ AHHHB AHJVU AHPOS AIEXJ AIKHN AITUG AJBFU AJOXV AKURH ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AMFUW AMRAJ ASPBG AVWKF AXJTR AZFZN BJAXD BKOJK BLXMC CS3 EBS EFJIC EFLBG EJD ENUVR EO8 EO9 EP2 EP3 FDB FEDTE FGOYB FIRID FNPLU FYGXN G-2 G-Q GBLVA HVGLF HZ~ IHE J1W JJJVA KOM LY7 M41 MAGPM MO0 N9A O-L O9- OAUVE OZT P-8 P-9 P2P PC. Q38 R2- RIG ROL RPZ SDF SDG SES SET SEW SPC SPCBC SSG SSM SST SSZ T5K TN5 WH7 WUQ XPP ZMT ZY4 ~02 ~G- AATTM AAXKI AAYWO AAYXX ABWVN ACRPL ACVFH ADCNI ADNMO AEIPS AEUPX AFJKZ AFPUW AFXIZ AGCQF AGQPQ AGRNS AIGII AIIUN AKBMS AKRWK AKYEP ANKPU APXCP BNPGV CITATION SSH EFKBS IQODW 7SR 7TB 7U5 8BQ 8FD F28 FR3 JG9 L7M |
ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c439t-d1055ce1ea8b763095a8da3bd27df71af8e22b15f8a8e65260ee90a37e8f2c073 |
IEDL.DBID | .~1 |
ISSN | 0301-679X |
IngestDate | Fri Sep 05 07:31:16 EDT 2025 Mon Jul 21 09:16:36 EDT 2025 Tue Jul 01 00:37:10 EDT 2025 Thu Apr 24 23:02:12 EDT 2025 Fri Feb 23 02:28:24 EST 2024 |
IsPeerReviewed | true |
IsScholarly | true |
Issue | 2 |
Keywords | Coconut oil Wear test Four-ball tester Lubricating oil Motor car Coconut EP additive Mineral oil Vegetable oil Experimental study Lubricant Two stroke engine Antiwear additive Lubricant additive Wear Automobile industry Four ball machine Environmental effect Internal combustion engine Tribology |
Language | English |
License | https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0 CC BY 4.0 |
LinkModel | DirectLink |
MeetingName | 1st International Conference on Advanced Tribology (iCAT 2004), 1-3 December 2004, Singapore |
MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c439t-d1055ce1ea8b763095a8da3bd27df71af8e22b15f8a8e65260ee90a37e8f2c073 |
Notes | ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23 |
PQID | 29559136 |
PQPubID | 23500 |
PageCount | 5 |
ParticipantIDs | proquest_miscellaneous_29559136 pascalfrancis_primary_18411347 crossref_citationtrail_10_1016_j_triboint_2005_09_021 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_triboint_2005_09_021 elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_j_triboint_2005_09_021 |
ProviderPackageCode | CITATION AAYXX |
PublicationCentury | 2000 |
PublicationDate | 2007-02-01 |
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2007-02-01 |
PublicationDate_xml | – month: 02 year: 2007 text: 2007-02-01 day: 01 |
PublicationDecade | 2000 |
PublicationPlace | Oxford |
PublicationPlace_xml | – name: Oxford |
PublicationTitle | Tribology international |
PublicationYear | 2007 |
Publisher | Elsevier Ltd Elsevier |
Publisher_xml | – name: Elsevier Ltd – name: Elsevier |
References | Hui YH, editor. Coconut oil. Bailey's industrial oil and fat products. vol. 2, 5th ed. New York: Wiley; 1996. p. 97–123 [chapter 2]. Dowson D. History of tribology. UK: Professional Engineering Publication; 1998. p. 264. Kržan, Vižintin (bib3) 2003; 36 Mercurio, Burns, Negri (bib4) 2004; 129 Becker, Ludema (bib12) 1999; 225–229 Wagner, Luther, Mang (bib2) 2001; 221 Erhan SZ, Asadaukas S. Lubricant base stockes from vegetable oils. Industrial crops and products, vol. 11; 2000. p. 277–82. Zhang, Liu, Xue (bib11) 1999; 224 Bartz (bib5) 1998; 31 Zeman A, Sprengel A, Niedermeier D, Spath M. Biodegradable lubricants—studies on thermo-oxidation of metal-working and hydraulic fluids by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC); 1995, vol. 268, p. 9–15. Bowden FP, Tabor D. The nature of metallic wear. The friction and lubrication of solids. Oxford Classic Texts. New York: Oxford University Press; 2001. p. 285–98 [chapter 14]. Coy (bib10) 1998; 31 Bartz (10.1016/j.triboint.2005.09.021_bib5) 1998; 31 10.1016/j.triboint.2005.09.021_bib1 Becker (10.1016/j.triboint.2005.09.021_bib12) 1999; 225–229 Wagner (10.1016/j.triboint.2005.09.021_bib2) 2001; 221 Kržan (10.1016/j.triboint.2005.09.021_bib3) 2003; 36 10.1016/j.triboint.2005.09.021_bib6 10.1016/j.triboint.2005.09.021_bib7 10.1016/j.triboint.2005.09.021_bib8 10.1016/j.triboint.2005.09.021_bib9 Zhang (10.1016/j.triboint.2005.09.021_bib11) 1999; 224 Mercurio (10.1016/j.triboint.2005.09.021_bib4) 2004; 129 Coy (10.1016/j.triboint.2005.09.021_bib10) 1998; 31 |
References_xml | – volume: 224 start-page: 50 year: 1999 end-page: 55 ident: bib11 article-title: The friction and wear behaviors of S-[2-S-(2-hydroxylpropyl) benthiozole]dioctyldithiocarbamic acid ester as additive in liquid paraffin publication-title: Wear – volume: 225–229 start-page: 387 year: 1999 end-page: 404 ident: bib12 article-title: A qualitative empirical model of cylinder bore wear publication-title: Wear – volume: 31 start-page: 563 year: 1998 end-page: 571 ident: bib10 article-title: Practical applications of lubrication models in engines publication-title: Tribology Int – volume: 129 start-page: 165 year: 2004 end-page: 173 ident: bib4 article-title: Testing the ecotoxicology of vegetable versus mineral based lubricating oils: 1. Degradation rates using tropical marine microbes publication-title: Environ Pollut – volume: 31 start-page: 35 year: 1998 end-page: 47 ident: bib5 article-title: Lubricants and the environment publication-title: Tribology Int – reference: Erhan SZ, Asadaukas S. Lubricant base stockes from vegetable oils. Industrial crops and products, vol. 11; 2000. p. 277–82. – volume: 221 start-page: 429 year: 2001 end-page: 442 ident: bib2 article-title: Lubricant base fluids based on renewable raw materials: their catalytic manufacture and modification publication-title: Appl Catal A: General – reference: Zeman A, Sprengel A, Niedermeier D, Spath M. Biodegradable lubricants—studies on thermo-oxidation of metal-working and hydraulic fluids by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC); 1995, vol. 268, p. 9–15. – volume: 36 start-page: 827 year: 2003 end-page: 833 ident: bib3 article-title: Tribological properties of an environmentally adopted universal tractor transmission oil based on vegetable oil publication-title: Tribology Int – reference: Hui YH, editor. Coconut oil. Bailey's industrial oil and fat products. vol. 2, 5th ed. New York: Wiley; 1996. p. 97–123 [chapter 2]. – reference: Dowson D. History of tribology. UK: Professional Engineering Publication; 1998. p. 264. – reference: Bowden FP, Tabor D. The nature of metallic wear. The friction and lubrication of solids. Oxford Classic Texts. New York: Oxford University Press; 2001. p. 285–98 [chapter 14]. – ident: 10.1016/j.triboint.2005.09.021_bib8 doi: 10.1016/0040-6031(95)02512-X – volume: 224 start-page: 50 year: 1999 ident: 10.1016/j.triboint.2005.09.021_bib11 article-title: The friction and wear behaviors of S-[2-S-(2-hydroxylpropyl) benthiozole]dioctyldithiocarbamic acid ester as additive in liquid paraffin publication-title: Wear doi: 10.1016/S0043-1648(98)00331-7 – ident: 10.1016/j.triboint.2005.09.021_bib1 doi: 10.1016/S0926-6690(99)00061-8 – volume: 31 start-page: 563 issue: 10 year: 1998 ident: 10.1016/j.triboint.2005.09.021_bib10 article-title: Practical applications of lubrication models in engines publication-title: Tribology Int doi: 10.1016/S0301-679X(98)00077-2 – volume: 225–229 start-page: 387 year: 1999 ident: 10.1016/j.triboint.2005.09.021_bib12 article-title: A qualitative empirical model of cylinder bore wear publication-title: Wear doi: 10.1016/S0043-1648(98)00369-X – ident: 10.1016/j.triboint.2005.09.021_bib9 doi: 10.1093/oso/9780198507772.003.0015 – volume: 221 start-page: 429 year: 2001 ident: 10.1016/j.triboint.2005.09.021_bib2 article-title: Lubricant base fluids based on renewable raw materials: their catalytic manufacture and modification publication-title: Appl Catal A: General doi: 10.1016/S0926-860X(01)00891-2 – volume: 31 start-page: 35 issue: 1–3 year: 1998 ident: 10.1016/j.triboint.2005.09.021_bib5 article-title: Lubricants and the environment publication-title: Tribology Int doi: 10.1016/S0301-679X(98)00006-1 – volume: 129 start-page: 165 issue: 2 year: 2004 ident: 10.1016/j.triboint.2005.09.021_bib4 article-title: Testing the ecotoxicology of vegetable versus mineral based lubricating oils: 1. Degradation rates using tropical marine microbes publication-title: Environ Pollut doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2003.11.001 – ident: 10.1016/j.triboint.2005.09.021_bib7 – volume: 36 start-page: 827 year: 2003 ident: 10.1016/j.triboint.2005.09.021_bib3 article-title: Tribological properties of an environmentally adopted universal tractor transmission oil based on vegetable oil publication-title: Tribology Int doi: 10.1016/S0301-679X(03)00100-2 – ident: 10.1016/j.triboint.2005.09.021_bib6 |
SSID | ssj0007497 |
Score | 2.270969 |
Snippet | Increased concerns about environmental damage caused by mineral oil based lubricants, has created a growing worldwide trend of promoting vegetable oil as base... |
SourceID | proquest pascalfrancis crossref elsevier |
SourceType | Aggregation Database Index Database Enrichment Source Publisher |
StartPage | 350 |
SubjectTerms | Applied sciences Coconut oil Exact sciences and technology Four-ball tester Friction, wear, lubrication Machine components Mechanical engineering. Machine design Wear test |
Title | Tribological evaluation of coconut oil as an environment-friendly lubricant |
URI | https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2005.09.021 https://www.proquest.com/docview/29559136 |
Volume | 40 |
hasFullText | 1 |
inHoldings | 1 |
isFullTextHit | |
isPrint | |
link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV1LaxsxEBYhuSSUkKYNdR6uDrnK3odWj6MxMW5Nc0kCvglJK4GD2TXx-pBLf3s1-4gdQvCh10VCYiR98600Mx9Ct8JRKykzRMeRIYERW6KDGyU8dcGfMW18BMnJf-7Z9In-nmfzAzTucmEgrLLF_gbTa7Ruvwxbaw5Xi8XwAcg843Ie1T5bQBIfpRz2-uDvNsyD01pgBRoTaL2TJfw8AFGpclFU7d2KHERJ_JmD-rLS62A23-hdfIDu2h9NztBpSyTxqJnrV3TginN0slNe8BuaQVmQDtzwtq43Lj0OOFgWmwqXiyXWa6wLvJPyRjxUP86Xr3i5MTVQVt_R0-TucTwlrXgCsYFjVCQH5UvrYqeFCRgSmJQWuU5NnvDc81h74ZLExJkXWjiWhd8a52SkU-6ET2w4-BfosCgL9wNhm3KTRJ7BEx5lVEtpmfGWU5cH_id1D2WdxZRtK4uDwMVSdSFkz6qzNMheZiqSKli6h4Zv_VZNbY29PWS3IOrdLlHBAezt23-3gtshBY0hobaHfnZLqsIZg4cTXbhys1YJlOmLU3b5H8NfoePmWhgiYa7RYfWycTeBz1SmX2_YPjoa_ZpN7_8BNST35w |
linkProvider | Elsevier |
linkToHtml | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV1LaxsxEB7S9NCGEPokbtNEh15l70OrxzGEBrd5XJqAb0LSSuBgdk29PuSS317NPmqHEnLIdZGQGEnffCvNfAPwXXrmFOOWmjSxNDJiR010o1TkPvozbmxIMDn56ppPb9mvWTHbgbMhFwbDKnvs7zC9Rev-y6S35mQ5n09-I5nnQs2S1mdL9QpesyIXGNc3ftjEeQjWVljB1hSbb6UJ342xqlQ9r5r-ckWNkyx9ykPtL80q2i10BS_-w-7WIZ2_g4OeSZLTbrLvYcdXH2BvS1_wI1ygLsiAbmQj7E3qQCIQ1tW6IfV8QcyKmIps5bzRgPLH5eKeLNa2RcrmE9ye_7g5m9K-egJ1kWQ0tMTSl86n3kgbQSRSKSNLk9syE2UQqQnSZ5lNiyCN9LyI_zXeq8TkwsuQuXjyP8NuVVf-EIjLhc2SwPENj3FmlHLcBieYLyMBVGYExWAx7XppcaxwsdBDDNmdHiyNdS8LnSgdLT2Cyb9-y05c49kealgQ_Wib6OgBnu17_GgFN0NKlmJG7QhOhiXV8ZDhy4mpfL1e6Qx1-tKcf3nB8CfwZnpzdakvf15ffIW33R0xhsUcwW7zZ-2_RXLT2ON28_4F5rf5eg |
openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=proceeding&rft.title=Tribology+international&rft.atitle=Tribological+evaluation+of+coconut+oil+as+an+environment-friendly+lubricant&rft.au=JAYADAS%2C+N.+H&rft.au=PRABHAKARAN+NAIR%2C+K&rft.au=AJITHKUMAR%2C+G&rft.date=2007-02-01&rft.pub=Elsevier&rft.issn=0301-679X&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=350&rft.epage=354&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.triboint.2005.09.021&rft.externalDBID=n%2Fa&rft.externalDocID=18411347 |
thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0301-679X&client=summon |
thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0301-679X&client=summon |
thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0301-679X&client=summon |