Therapy-Induced Tumor Cell Death: Friend or Foe of Immunotherapy?

Combinatory treatments using surgery, radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy together with immunotherapy have shown encouraging results for specific subsets of tumors, but a significant proportion of tumors remains unsusceptible. Some of these inconsistencies are thought to be the consequence of an immuno...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inFrontiers in oncology Vol. 11; p. 678562
Main Authors van Schaik, Thijs A., Chen, Kok-Siong, Shah, Khalid
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Frontiers Media S.A 01.06.2021
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Summary:Combinatory treatments using surgery, radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy together with immunotherapy have shown encouraging results for specific subsets of tumors, but a significant proportion of tumors remains unsusceptible. Some of these inconsistencies are thought to be the consequence of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) caused by therapy-induced tumor cell death (TCD). An increased understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing TCD has provided valuable insights in specific signaling cascades activated by treatment and the subsequent effects on the TME. Depending on the treatment variables of conventional chemo-, radio- and immunotherapy and the genetic composition of the tumor cells, particular cell death pathways are activated. Consequently, TCD can either have tolerogenic or immunogenic effects on the local environment and thereby affect the post-treatment anti-tumor response of immune cells. Thus, identification of these events can provide new rationales to increase the efficacy of conventional therapies combined with immunotherapies. In this review, we sought to provide an overview of the molecular mechanisms initiated by conventional therapies and the impact of treatment-induced TCD on the TME. We also provide some perspectives on how we can circumvent tolerogenic effects by adequate treatment selection and manipulation of key signaling cascades.
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Edited by: Oliver Kepp, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), France
Reviewed by: Udo S. Gaipl, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany; Lucillia Bezu, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, France
This article was submitted to Molecular and Cellular Oncology, a section of the journal Frontiers in Oncology
ISSN:2234-943X
2234-943X
DOI:10.3389/fonc.2021.678562