The effect of polyphenol-containing solutions on in situ biofilm formation on enamel and dentin

To investigate the effects of Chinese gallnut extracts and pure tannic acid on in situ biofilm formation on enamel and dentin samples over 24 h. Bovine enamel and dentin samples were buccally fixed on maxillary splints. Six volunteers wore the splints for 24 h, and rinsed their mouths with tap water...

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Published in	Journal of dentistry Vol. 102; p. 103482
Main Authors	Xi, Qingping, Hoth-Hannig, Wiebke, Deng, Shuli, Jin, Xiaoting, Fu, Baiping, Hannig, Matthias
Format	Journal Article
Language	English
Published	England Elsevier Ltd 01.11.2020 Elsevier Limited
Subjects	Acids Animals Antimicrobial agents Bacteria Bacterial Adhesion Biofilm Biofilms Cattle Chinese gallnut Dental caries Dental Enamel Dentin Dentistry Drinking water Drug resistance Electron density Enamel Fluorescence Food Galla Chinensis Humans Microscopy Pellicle Polyphenols Rinsing Scanning electron microscopy Sleep Splints Tannic acid Transmission electron microscopy Ultrastructure Viability Germany Tannic acid Polyphenols Biofilm Galla Chinensis Chinese gallnut
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Abstract	To investigate the effects of Chinese gallnut extracts and pure tannic acid on in situ biofilm formation on enamel and dentin samples over 24 h. Bovine enamel and dentin samples were buccally fixed on maxillary splints. Six volunteers wore the splints for 24 h, and rinsed their mouths with tap water (control), 1% tannic acid- and 1% Chinese gallnut extracts-containing solution twice a day, 3 min after the splints were placed in the mouth and before night sleep. Live/dead staining was used for fluorescence microscopic (FM) visualization and quantification of bacteria viability of biofilms formed on enamel and dentin samples. Biofilm coverage was evaluated and recorded by FM and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, biofilms were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to analyze biofilm data. Rinsing with tannic acid- and Chinese gallnut extracts-containing solutions significantly reduced in situ biofilm coverage on enamel and dentin samples (P < 0.05). The bacterial viability of biofilms formed on enamel samples was significantly reduced compared to the control (P < 0.05). TEM analysis revealed an increase in pellicle’s electron density and thickness and only few or no bacteria adherent to the pellicle in the experimental samples. Rinsing with tannic acid- and Chinese gallnut extracts-containing solutions can effectively inhibit in situ biofilm formation, modify the ultrastructure of biofilms on enamel and dentin surfaces and significantly reduce the bacterial viability of biofilm on enamel surfaces. Tannic acid- and Chinese gallnut extracts-containing solutions might be used for dental biofilm management.
AbstractList	ObjectivesTo investigate the effects of Chinese gallnut extracts and pure tannic acid on in situ biofilm formation on enamel and dentin samples over 24 h.MethodsBovine enamel and dentin samples were buccally fixed on maxillary splints. Six volunteers wore the splints for 24 h, and rinsed their mouths with tap water (control), 1% tannic acid- and 1% Chinese gallnut extracts-containing solution twice a day, 3 min after the splints were placed in the mouth and before night sleep. Live/dead staining was used for fluorescence microscopic (FM) visualization and quantification of bacteria viability of biofilms formed on enamel and dentin samples. Biofilm coverage was evaluated and recorded by FM and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, biofilms were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to analyze biofilm data.ResultsRinsing with tannic acid- and Chinese gallnut extracts-containing solutions significantly reduced in situ biofilm coverage on enamel and dentin samples (P < 0.05). The bacterial viability of biofilms formed on enamel samples was significantly reduced compared to the control (P < 0.05). TEM analysis revealed an increase in pellicle’s electron density and thickness and only few or no bacteria adherent to the pellicle in the experimental samples.ConclusionsRinsing with tannic acid- and Chinese gallnut extracts-containing solutions can effectively inhibit in situ biofilm formation, modify the ultrastructure of biofilms on enamel and dentin surfaces and significantly reduce the bacterial viability of biofilm on enamel surfaces.Clinical significanceTannic acid- and Chinese gallnut extracts-containing solutions might be used for dental biofilm management. To investigate the effects of Chinese gallnut extracts and pure tannic acid on in situ biofilm formation on enamel and dentin samples over 24 h. Bovine enamel and dentin samples were buccally fixed on maxillary splints. Six volunteers wore the splints for 24 h, and rinsed their mouths with tap water (control), 1% tannic acid- and 1% Chinese gallnut extracts-containing solution twice a day, 3 min after the splints were placed in the mouth and before night sleep. Live/dead staining was used for fluorescence microscopic (FM) visualization and quantification of bacteria viability of biofilms formed on enamel and dentin samples. Biofilm coverage was evaluated and recorded by FM and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, biofilms were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to analyze biofilm data. Rinsing with tannic acid- and Chinese gallnut extracts-containing solutions significantly reduced in situ biofilm coverage on enamel and dentin samples (P < 0.05). The bacterial viability of biofilms formed on enamel samples was significantly reduced compared to the control (P < 0.05). TEM analysis revealed an increase in pellicle's electron density and thickness and only few or no bacteria adherent to the pellicle in the experimental samples. Rinsing with tannic acid- and Chinese gallnut extracts-containing solutions can effectively inhibit in situ biofilm formation, modify the ultrastructure of biofilms on enamel and dentin surfaces and significantly reduce the bacterial viability of biofilm on enamel surfaces. Tannic acid- and Chinese gallnut extracts-containing solutions might be used for dental biofilm management. To investigate the effects of Chinese gallnut extracts and pure tannic acid on in situ biofilm formation on enamel and dentin samples over 24 h.OBJECTIVESTo investigate the effects of Chinese gallnut extracts and pure tannic acid on in situ biofilm formation on enamel and dentin samples over 24 h.Bovine enamel and dentin samples were buccally fixed on maxillary splints. Six volunteers wore the splints for 24 h, and rinsed their mouths with tap water (control), 1% tannic acid- and 1% Chinese gallnut extracts-containing solution twice a day, 3 min after the splints were placed in the mouth and before night sleep. Live/dead staining was used for fluorescence microscopic (FM) visualization and quantification of bacteria viability of biofilms formed on enamel and dentin samples. Biofilm coverage was evaluated and recorded by FM and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, biofilms were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to analyze biofilm data.METHODSBovine enamel and dentin samples were buccally fixed on maxillary splints. Six volunteers wore the splints for 24 h, and rinsed their mouths with tap water (control), 1% tannic acid- and 1% Chinese gallnut extracts-containing solution twice a day, 3 min after the splints were placed in the mouth and before night sleep. Live/dead staining was used for fluorescence microscopic (FM) visualization and quantification of bacteria viability of biofilms formed on enamel and dentin samples. Biofilm coverage was evaluated and recorded by FM and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, biofilms were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to analyze biofilm data.Rinsing with tannic acid- and Chinese gallnut extracts-containing solutions significantly reduced in situ biofilm coverage on enamel and dentin samples (P < 0.05). The bacterial viability of biofilms formed on enamel samples was significantly reduced compared to the control (P < 0.05). TEM analysis revealed an increase in pellicle's electron density and thickness and only few or no bacteria adherent to the pellicle in the experimental samples.RESULTSRinsing with tannic acid- and Chinese gallnut extracts-containing solutions significantly reduced in situ biofilm coverage on enamel and dentin samples (P < 0.05). The bacterial viability of biofilms formed on enamel samples was significantly reduced compared to the control (P < 0.05). TEM analysis revealed an increase in pellicle's electron density and thickness and only few or no bacteria adherent to the pellicle in the experimental samples.Rinsing with tannic acid- and Chinese gallnut extracts-containing solutions can effectively inhibit in situ biofilm formation, modify the ultrastructure of biofilms on enamel and dentin surfaces and significantly reduce the bacterial viability of biofilm on enamel surfaces.CONCLUSIONSRinsing with tannic acid- and Chinese gallnut extracts-containing solutions can effectively inhibit in situ biofilm formation, modify the ultrastructure of biofilms on enamel and dentin surfaces and significantly reduce the bacterial viability of biofilm on enamel surfaces.Tannic acid- and Chinese gallnut extracts-containing solutions might be used for dental biofilm management.CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCETannic acid- and Chinese gallnut extracts-containing solutions might be used for dental biofilm management.
ArticleNumber	103482
Author	Jin, Xiaoting Xi, Qingping Deng, Shuli Fu, Baiping Hoth-Hannig, Wiebke Hannig, Matthias
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Qingping surname: Xi fullname: Xi, Qingping organization: The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yan’an Road 395, 310006, Hangzhou, China – sequence: 2 givenname: Wiebke surname: Hoth-Hannig fullname: Hoth-Hannig, Wiebke organization: Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Building 73, Saarland University, D-66421, Homburg, Germany – sequence: 3 givenname: Shuli surname: Deng fullname: Deng, Shuli organization: The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yan’an Road 395, 310006, Hangzhou, China – sequence: 4 givenname: Xiaoting surname: Jin fullname: Jin, Xiaoting organization: The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yan’an Road 395, 310006, Hangzhou, China – sequence: 5 givenname: Baiping orcidid: 0000-0002-9444-1856 surname: Fu fullname: Fu, Baiping email: fbp@zju.edu.cn organization: The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yan’an Road 395, 310006, Hangzhou, China – sequence: 6 givenname: Matthias surname: Hannig fullname: Hannig, Matthias email: Matthias.Hannig@uks.eu organization: Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Building 73, Saarland University, D-66421, Homburg, Germany
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Keywords	Tannic acid Polyphenols Biofilm Galla Chinensis Chinese gallnut
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Snippet	To investigate the effects of Chinese gallnut extracts and pure tannic acid on in situ biofilm formation on enamel and dentin samples over 24 h. Bovine enamel... ObjectivesTo investigate the effects of Chinese gallnut extracts and pure tannic acid on in situ biofilm formation on enamel and dentin samples over... To investigate the effects of Chinese gallnut extracts and pure tannic acid on in situ biofilm formation on enamel and dentin samples over 24 h.OBJECTIVESTo...
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SubjectTerms	Acids Animals Antimicrobial agents Bacteria Bacterial Adhesion Biofilm Biofilms Cattle Chinese gallnut Dental caries Dental Enamel Dentin Dentistry Drinking water Drug resistance Electron density Enamel Fluorescence Food Galla Chinensis Humans Microscopy Pellicle Polyphenols Rinsing Scanning electron microscopy Sleep Splints Tannic acid Transmission electron microscopy Ultrastructure Viability
Title	The effect of polyphenol-containing solutions on in situ biofilm formation on enamel and dentin
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