Fast and Non-Destructive Profiling of Commercial Coffee Aroma under Three Conditions (Beans, Powder, and Brews) Using GC-IMS
The flavor of coffee can be affected by the preparation parameters. In this investigation, the flavor profiles of three coffee brands under three conditions (bean, powder, and brew) were analyzed by gas chromatography—ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) and the electronic nose (E-nose). The flavor re...
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Published in | Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 27; no. 19; p. 6262 |
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Abstract | The flavor of coffee can be affected by the preparation parameters. In this investigation, the flavor profiles of three coffee brands under three conditions (bean, powder, and brew) were analyzed by gas chromatography—ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) and the electronic nose (E-nose). The flavor results were further studied using multiple factor analysis (MFA). A total of 117 peaks were identified in all coffee samples by GC-IMS, and the principal component analysis (PCA) showed these coffee samples could be grouped and separated. A total of 37 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were selected as biomarkers to distinguish coffee samples, including 5 aldehydes, 10 ketones, 8 alcohols, 2 acids, 4 esters, 5 furans, and 3 other compounds. The comparison between E-nose and GC-IMS data using partial least squares regression (PLSR) and MFA showed GC-IMS could present very close sample spaces. Compared with E-nose, GC–IMS could not only be used to classify coffee samples in a very short time but also provide VOC bio-markers to discriminate coffee samples. |
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AbstractList | The flavor of coffee can be affected by the preparation parameters. In this investigation, the flavor profiles of three coffee brands under three conditions (bean, powder, and brew) were analyzed by gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) and the electronic nose (E-nose). The flavor results were further studied using multiple factor analysis (MFA). A total of 117 peaks were identified in all coffee samples by GC-IMS, and the principal component analysis (PCA) showed these coffee samples could be grouped and separated. A total of 37 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were selected as biomarkers to distinguish coffee samples, including 5 aldehydes, 10 ketones, 8 alcohols, 2 acids, 4 esters, 5 furans, and 3 other compounds. The comparison between E-nose and GC-IMS data using partial least squares regression (PLSR) and MFA showed GC-IMS could present very close sample spaces. Compared with E-nose, GC-IMS could not only be used to classify coffee samples in a very short time but also provide VOC bio-markers to discriminate coffee samples. |
Audience | Academic |
Author | Fang, Xiaolei Gao, Jie Liu, Yuan Chen, Yanping Chen, He Cui, Dandan |
AuthorAffiliation | Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture & Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture & Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Yanping surname: Chen fullname: Chen, Yanping – sequence: 2 givenname: He surname: Chen fullname: Chen, He – sequence: 3 givenname: Dandan surname: Cui fullname: Cui, Dandan – sequence: 4 givenname: Xiaolei surname: Fang fullname: Fang, Xiaolei – sequence: 5 givenname: Jie surname: Gao fullname: Gao, Jie – sequence: 6 givenname: Yuan surname: Liu fullname: Liu, Yuan |
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SubjectTerms | Alcohol Alcohols Aldehydes Amino acids Aroma Beans Biomarkers Chromatography Coffee E-nose Electronic noses Esters Factor analysis Flavor Flavors Furans Gas chromatography GC-IMS Ionic mobility Ketones Least squares method Marketing Mass spectrometry Odors Organic compounds Pesticides Principal components analysis Scientific imaging Spectrometry Sulfur VOCs volatile organic components Volatile organic compounds |
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Title | Fast and Non-Destructive Profiling of Commercial Coffee Aroma under Three Conditions (Beans, Powder, and Brews) Using GC-IMS |
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