Optimization of attenuation estimation in reflection for in vivo human dermis characterization at 20 MHz
In vivo skin attenuation estimators must be applicable to backscattered radio frequency signals obtained in a pulse-echo configuration. This work compares three such estimators: short-time Fourier multinarrowband (MNB), short-time Fourier centroid shift (FC), and autoregressive centroid shift (ARC)....
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| Published in | IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control Vol. 50; no. 4; pp. 408 - 418 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
New York, NY
IEEE
01.04.2003
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0885-3010 1525-8955 |
| DOI | 10.1109/TUFFC.2003.1197964 |
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| Abstract | In vivo skin attenuation estimators must be applicable to backscattered radio frequency signals obtained in a pulse-echo configuration. This work compares three such estimators: short-time Fourier multinarrowband (MNB), short-time Fourier centroid shift (FC), and autoregressive centroid shift (ARC). All provide estimations of the attenuation slope (/spl beta/, dB.cm/sup -1/.MHz/sup -1/); MNB also provides an independent estimation of the mean attenuation level (IA, dB.cm/sup -1/). Practical approaches are proposed for data windowing, spectral variance characterization, and bandwidth selection. Then, based on simulated data, FC and ARC were selected as the best (compromise between bias and variance) attenuation slope estimators. The FC, ARC, and MNB were applied to in vivo human skin data acquired at 20 MHz to estimate /spl beta//sub FC/, /spl beta//sub ARC/, and IA/sub MNB/, respectively (without diffraction correction, between 11 and 27 MHz). Lateral heterogeneity had less effect and day-today reproducibility was smaller for IA than for /spl beta/. The IA and /spl beta//sub ARC/ were dependent on pressure applied to skin during acquisition and IA on room and skin-surface temperatures. Negative values of IA imply that IA and /spl beta/ may be influenced not only by skin's attenuation but also by structural heterogeneity across dermal depth. Even so, IA was correlated to subject age and IA, /spl beta//sub FC/, and /spl beta//sub ARC/ were dependent on subject gender. Thus, in vivo attenuation measurements reveal interesting variations with subject age and gender and thus appeared promising to detect skin structure modifications. |
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| AbstractList | In vivo skin attenuation estimators must be applicable to backscattered radio frequency signals obtained in a pulse-echo configuration. This work compares three such estimators: short-time Fourier multinarrowband (MNB), short-time Fourier centroid shift (FC), and autoregressive centroid shift (ARC). All provide estimations of the attenuation slope (/beta/, dB.cm(-1).MHz(-1)); MNB also provides an independent estimation of the mean attenuation level (IA, dB.cm(-1)). Practical approaches are proposed for data windowing, spectral variance characterization, and bandwidth selection. Then, based on simulated data, FC and ARC were selected as the best (compromise between bias and variance) attenuation slope estimators. The FC, ARC, and MNB were applied to in vivo human skin data acquired at 20 MHz to estimate /beta//FC/, /beta//ARC/, and IA/MNB/, respectively (without diffraction correction, between 11 and 27 MHz). Lateral heterogeneity had less effect and day-today reproducibility was smaller for IA than for /beta/. The IA and /beta//ARC/ were dependent on pressure applied to skin during acquisition and IA on room and skin-surface temperatures. Negative values of IA imply that IA and /beta/ may be influenced not only by skin's attenuation but also by structural heterogeneity across dermal depth. Even so, IA was correlated to subject age and IA, /beta//FC/, and /beta//ARC/ were dependent on subject gender. Thus, in vivo attenuation measurements reveal interesting variations with subject age and gender and thus appeared promising to detect skin structure modifications. In vivo skin attenuation estimators must be applicable to backscattered radio frequency signals obtained in a pulse-echo configuration. This work compares three such estimators: short-time Fourier multinarrowband (MNB), short-time Fourier centroid shift (FC), and autoregressive centroid shift (ARC). All provide estimations of the attenuation slope (beta, dB x cm(-1) x MHz(-1)); MNB also provides an independent estimation of the mean attenuation level (IA, dB x cm(-1)). Practical approaches are proposed for data windowing, spectral variance characterization, and bandwidth selection. Then, based on simulated data, FC and ARC were selected as the best (compromise between bias and variance) attenuation slope estimators. The FC, ARC, and MNB were applied to in vivo human skin data acquired at 20 MHz to estimate betaFC, betaARC, and IA(MNB), respectively (without diffraction correction, between 11 and 27 MHz). Lateral heterogeneity had less effect and day-to-day reproducibility was smaller for IA than for beta. The IA and betaARC were dependent on pressure applied to skin during acquisition and IA on room and skin-surface temperatures. Negative values of IA imply that IA and beta may be influenced not only by skin's attenuation but also by structural heterogeneity across dermal depth. Even so, IA was correlated to subject age and IA, betaFC, and betaARC were dependent on subject gender. Thus, in vivo attenuation measurements reveal interesting variations with subject age and gender and thus appeared promising to detect skin structure modifications.In vivo skin attenuation estimators must be applicable to backscattered radio frequency signals obtained in a pulse-echo configuration. This work compares three such estimators: short-time Fourier multinarrowband (MNB), short-time Fourier centroid shift (FC), and autoregressive centroid shift (ARC). All provide estimations of the attenuation slope (beta, dB x cm(-1) x MHz(-1)); MNB also provides an independent estimation of the mean attenuation level (IA, dB x cm(-1)). Practical approaches are proposed for data windowing, spectral variance characterization, and bandwidth selection. Then, based on simulated data, FC and ARC were selected as the best (compromise between bias and variance) attenuation slope estimators. The FC, ARC, and MNB were applied to in vivo human skin data acquired at 20 MHz to estimate betaFC, betaARC, and IA(MNB), respectively (without diffraction correction, between 11 and 27 MHz). Lateral heterogeneity had less effect and day-to-day reproducibility was smaller for IA than for beta. The IA and betaARC were dependent on pressure applied to skin during acquisition and IA on room and skin-surface temperatures. Negative values of IA imply that IA and beta may be influenced not only by skin's attenuation but also by structural heterogeneity across dermal depth. Even so, IA was correlated to subject age and IA, betaFC, and betaARC were dependent on subject gender. Thus, in vivo attenuation measurements reveal interesting variations with subject age and gender and thus appeared promising to detect skin structure modifications. [...] IA was correlated to subject age and IA, βFC, and βARC were dependent on subject gender. [...] in vivo attenuation measurements reveal interesting variations with subject age and gender and thus appeared promising to detect skin structure modifications. In vivo skin attenuation estimators must be applicable to backscattered radio frequency signals obtained in a pulse-echo configuration. This work compares three such estimators: short-time Fourier multinarrowband (MNB), short-time Fourier centroid shift (FC), and autoregressive centroid shift (ARC). All provide estimations of the attenuation slope ( beta , dB.cm super(-1).MHz super(-1) ); MNB also provides an independent estimation of the mean attenuation level (IA, dB.cm super(-1)). Practical approaches are proposed for data windowing, spectral variance characterization, and bandwidth selection. Then, based on simulated data, FC and ARC were selected as the best (compromise between bias and variance) attenuation slope estimators. The FC, ARC, and MNB were applied to in vivo human skin data acquired at 20 MHz to estimate beta sub(FC), beta sub(ARC), and IA sub(MNB), respectively (without diffraction correction, between 11 and 27 MHz). Lateral heterogeneity had less effect and day-today reproducibility was smaller for IA than for beta . The IA and beta sub(ARC) were dependent on pressure applied to skin during acquisition and IA on room and skin-surface temperatures. Negative values of IA imply that IA and beta may be influenced not only by skin's attenuation but also by structural heterogeneity across dermal depth. Even so, IA was correlated to subject age and IA, beta sub(FC), and beta sub(ARC) were dependent on subject gender. Thus, in vivo attenuation measurements reveal interesting variations with subject age and gender and thus appeared promising to detect skin structure modifications. In vivo skin attenuation estimators must be applicable to backscattered radio frequency signals obtained in a pulse-echo configuration. This work compares three such estimators: short-time Fourier multinarrowband (MNB), short-time Fourier centroid shift (FC), and autoregressive centroid shift (ARC). All provide estimations of the attenuation slope (beta, dB x cm(-1) x MHz(-1)); MNB also provides an independent estimation of the mean attenuation level (IA, dB x cm(-1)). Practical approaches are proposed for data windowing, spectral variance characterization, and bandwidth selection. Then, based on simulated data, FC and ARC were selected as the best (compromise between bias and variance) attenuation slope estimators. The FC, ARC, and MNB were applied to in vivo human skin data acquired at 20 MHz to estimate betaFC, betaARC, and IA(MNB), respectively (without diffraction correction, between 11 and 27 MHz). Lateral heterogeneity had less effect and day-to-day reproducibility was smaller for IA than for beta. The IA and betaARC were dependent on pressure applied to skin during acquisition and IA on room and skin-surface temperatures. Negative values of IA imply that IA and beta may be influenced not only by skin's attenuation but also by structural heterogeneity across dermal depth. Even so, IA was correlated to subject age and IA, betaFC, and betaARC were dependent on subject gender. Thus, in vivo attenuation measurements reveal interesting variations with subject age and gender and thus appeared promising to detect skin structure modifications. In vivo skin attenuation estimators must be applicable to backscattered radio frequency signals obtained in a pulse-echo configuration. This work compares three such estimators: short-time Fourier multinarrowband (MNB), short-time Fourier centroid shift (FC), and autoregressive centroid shift (ARC). All provide estimations of the attenuation slope (/spl beta/, dB.cm/sup -1/.MHz/sup -1/); MNB also provides an independent estimation of the mean attenuation level (IA, dB.cm/sup -1/). Practical approaches are proposed for data windowing, spectral variance characterization, and bandwidth selection. Then, based on simulated data, FC and ARC were selected as the best (compromise between bias and variance) attenuation slope estimators. The FC, ARC, and MNB were applied to in vivo human skin data acquired at 20 MHz to estimate /spl beta//sub FC/, /spl beta//sub ARC/, and IA/sub MNB/, respectively (without diffraction correction, between 11 and 27 MHz). Lateral heterogeneity had less effect and day-today reproducibility was smaller for IA than for /spl beta/. The IA and /spl beta//sub ARC/ were dependent on pressure applied to skin during acquisition and IA on room and skin-surface temperatures. Negative values of IA imply that IA and /spl beta/ may be influenced not only by skin's attenuation but also by structural heterogeneity across dermal depth. Even so, IA was correlated to subject age and IA, /spl beta//sub FC/, and /spl beta//sub ARC/ were dependent on subject gender. Thus, in vivo attenuation measurements reveal interesting variations with subject age and gender and thus appeared promising to detect skin structure modifications. |
| Author | Coron, A. Lori Bridal, S. Laugier, P. Fournier, C. |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1109/ULTSYM.1986.198877 10.1016/S0301-5629(01)00344-1 10.1016/0161-7346(83)90015-9 10.1121/1.385433 10.1016/0301-5629(80)90006-X 10.1016/0301-5629(92)90087-Q 10.1007/BF01774016 10.1088/0031-9155/36/8/002 10.1097/00000478-199007000-00008 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12532763 10.1016/0301-5629(96)00105-6 10.1109/58.368307 10.1148/radiographics.17.6.9397463 10.1016/S0301-5629(98)00176-8 10.1016/0301-5629(79)90083-8 10.1007/978-1-4419-8772-3_55 10.1016/S0301-5629(97)00072-0 10.1016/0301-5629(90)90085-Q 10.1159/000210760 10.1177/016173468300500202 10.1016/0301-5629(93)90014-F 10.1121/1.382037 10.1109/58.535501 10.1016/S0301-5629(01)00456-2 10.1016/0301-5629(89)90100-2 |
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| Keywords | Human Acoustic measurement Pulse echo method Dermatology Bias Backscattering Autoregressive model Wave damping Mean estimation Optimization Variance Spectral data In vivo Signal processing Skin Delay time Error correction Ultrasound |
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| References | ref13 ref12 ref15 ref14 ref11 ref10 ref2 ref1 ref17 ref16 ref19 burg (ref29) 1975 ref18 o'donnell (ref7) 1979 ref24 ref26 ref25 ref20 ref21 ref28 ref27 porat (ref22) 1997 ref8 ref9 ref4 ref3 ref6 ref5 escoffier (ref23) 1986; 2 |
| References_xml | – volume: 2 start-page: 87 year: 1986 ident: ref23 article-title: In vitro study of the velocity of ultrasound in the skin publication-title: Skin Bioengineering – ident: ref10 doi: 10.1109/ULTSYM.1986.198877 – ident: ref19 doi: 10.1016/S0301-5629(01)00344-1 – ident: ref12 doi: 10.1016/0161-7346(83)90015-9 – year: 1975 ident: ref29 publication-title: Maximum entropy spectral analysis – ident: ref3 doi: 10.1121/1.385433 – ident: ref8 doi: 10.1016/0301-5629(80)90006-X – ident: ref20 doi: 10.1016/0301-5629(92)90087-Q – ident: ref24 doi: 10.1007/BF01774016 – ident: ref25 doi: 10.1088/0031-9155/36/8/002 – ident: ref27 doi: 10.1097/00000478-199007000-00008 – start-page: 63 year: 1979 ident: ref7 publication-title: Ultrasonic Tissue Characterization – ident: ref26 doi: 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12532763 – ident: ref21 doi: 10.1016/0301-5629(96)00105-6 – ident: ref15 doi: 10.1109/58.368307 – ident: ref1 doi: 10.1148/radiographics.17.6.9397463 – ident: ref17 doi: 10.1016/S0301-5629(98)00176-8 – year: 1997 ident: ref22 publication-title: A Course on Diqital Siqnal Processinq – ident: ref28 doi: 10.1016/0301-5629(79)90083-8 – ident: ref16 doi: 10.1007/978-1-4419-8772-3_55 – ident: ref4 doi: 10.1016/S0301-5629(97)00072-0 – ident: ref11 doi: 10.1016/0301-5629(90)90085-Q – ident: ref2 doi: 10.1159/000210760 – ident: ref14 doi: 10.1177/016173468300500202 – ident: ref6 doi: 10.1016/0301-5629(93)90014-F – ident: ref9 doi: 10.1121/1.382037 – ident: ref13 doi: 10.1109/58.535501 – ident: ref18 doi: 10.1016/S0301-5629(01)00456-2 – ident: ref5 doi: 10.1016/0301-5629(89)90100-2 |
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| Snippet | In vivo skin attenuation estimators must be applicable to backscattered radio frequency signals obtained in a pulse-echo configuration. This work compares... [...] IA was correlated to subject age and IA, βFC, and βARC were dependent on subject gender. [...] in vivo attenuation measurements reveal interesting... |
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| SubjectTerms | Adult Aged Aging - physiology Algorithms Attenuation Bandwidth Biocompatibility Biological and medical sciences Biomedical materials Computer Simulation Dermis Estimators Female Forearm - physiology Frequency estimation Heterogeneity Humans Image Enhancement - methods In vivo In vivo testing In vivo tests Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects) Male Medical sciences Middle Aged Miscellaneous. Technology Models, Biological Models, Statistical Optimization Quality Control Radio frequency Radio Waves Reflection Reproducibility of Results RF signals Scattering, Radiation Sensitivity and Specificity Sex Factors Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted Skin Skin - diagnostic imaging Skin Physiological Phenomena Studies Surgical implants Ultrasonic investigative techniques Ultrasonography, Doppler, Pulsed - methods |
| Title | Optimization of attenuation estimation in reflection for in vivo human dermis characterization at 20 MHz |
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