Helical Antimicrobial Peptide Foldamers Containing Non‐proteinogenic Amino Acids

• Published in: ChemMedChem Vol. 16; no. 8; pp. 1226 - 1233
• Main Authors: Yokoo, Hidetomo, Hirano, Motoharu, Misawa, Takashi, Demizu, Yosuke
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Germany Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 20.04.2021
• Subjects: Amino Acid Sequence; Amino acids; Amino Acids - chemistry; Anti-Bacterial Agents - chemistry; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; Antiinfectives and antibacterials; Antimicrobial agents; Antimicrobial peptides; Antimicrobial Peptides - chemistry; Antimicrobial Peptides - pharmacology; Bacteria - drug effects; foldamers; Gram-negative bacteria; Gram-positive bacteria; helixes; Microorganisms; non-proteinogenic amino acids; Peptides; Protein Conformation, alpha-Helical; Gram-positive bacteria; helixes; Gram-negative bacteria; antimicrobial peptides; non-proteinogenic amino acids; foldamers
• ISSN: 1860-7179; 1860-7187; 1860-7187
• DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000940

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are potential novel therapeutic drugs against microbial infections. Most AMPs function by disrupting microbial membranes because of their amphipathic properties and ordered secondary structures. In this minireview, we describe recent efforts to develop helical AMP foldamers containing non‐proteinogenic amino acids, such as α,α‐disubstituted α‐amino acids, β‐amino acids, γ‐amino acids, side‐chain stapling and N‐alkyl glycines. Developing peptides with superior potencies: In this minireview, we focus on helix‐stabilized peptide foldamers with antimicrobial activity and describe their components, secondary structures, antimicrobial activity and utility. We describe recent developments in foldamers containing non‐proteinogenic amino acids that exhibit high antimicrobial activity and increased resistance to proteases, and how the use of such amino acids can increase selectivity.