Personalized Metabolomics for Predicting Glucose Tolerance Changes in Sedentary Women After High-Intensity Interval Training

• Published in: Scientific reports Vol. 4; no. 1; p. 6166
• Main Authors: Kuehnbaum, Naomi L., Gillen, Jenna B., Gibala, Martin J., Britz-McKibbin, Philip
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 28.08.2014; Nature Publishing Group
• Subjects: 38; 45; 631/1647/320; 692/53/2422; Amino acids; Biomarkers - blood; Blood Glucose; Body weight; Capillary electrophoresis; Cardiorespiratory fitness; Carnitine; Diabetes mellitus; Exercise; Exercise Therapy; Fasting; Female; Glucose; Glucose Intolerance; Glucose tolerance; Humanities and Social Sciences; Humans; Injection; Intermediates; Laboratory testing; Mass spectrometry; Mass spectroscopy; Metabolites; Metabolome; Metabolomics; multidisciplinary; Obesity - blood; Obesity - therapy; Overweight; Physical activity; Physical Conditioning, Human; Physical Endurance; Physical fitness; Physical training; Precision Medicine; Science; Sedentary behavior; Sedentary Lifestyle; Statistical methods; Training; Urea
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/srep06166

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) offers a practical approach for enhancing cardiorespiratory fitness, however its role in improving glucose regulation among sedentary yet normoglycemic women remains unclear. Herein, multi-segment injection capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry is used as a high-throughput platform in metabolomics to assess dynamic responses of overweight/obese women ( BMI > 25, n = 11) to standardized oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) performed before and after a 6-week HIIT intervention. Various statistical methods were used to classify plasma metabolic signatures associated with post-prandial glucose and/or training status when using a repeated measures/cross-over study design. Branched-chain/aromatic amino acids and other intermediates of urea cycle and carnitine metabolism decreased over time in plasma after oral glucose loading. Adaptive exercise-induced changes to plasma thiol redox and orthinine status were measured for trained subjects while at rest in a fasting state. A multi-linear regression model was developed to predict changes in glucose tolerance based on a panel of plasma metabolites measured for naïve subjects in their untrained state. Since treatment outcomes to physical activity are variable between-subjects, prognostic markers offer a novel approach to screen for potential negative responders while designing lifestyle modifications that maximize the salutary benefits of exercise for diabetes prevention on an individual level.