Conversion of biomass to hydroxymethylfurfural: A review of catalytic systems and underlying mechanisms

• Published in: Bioresource technology Vol. 238; pp. 716 - 732
• Main Authors: Yu, Iris K.M., Tsang, Daniel C.W.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01.08.2017
• Subjects: Biomass; Biomass conversion; Biorefinery; Catalysis; catalysts; engineering; Furaldehyde - analogs & derivatives; HMF; Hydrolysis; hydroxymethylfurfural; isomerization; Lewis acids; Lewis/Brønsted acid; polymerization; rehydration; solvents; value added; Waste valorization; wastes; HMF; Waste valorization; Biorefinery; Biomass conversion; Lewis/Brønsted acid

[Display omitted] •Biomass conversion to HMF significantly depends on catalysts and solvents.•Bifunctional catalyst caters for tandem hydrolysis, isomerization, and dehydration.•Lewis-to-Brønsted acid ratio and acid strength primarily determine HMF selectivity.•Co-solvents are kinetically and thermo...