Prevalence of intellectual disability: A meta-analysis of population-based studies
▶ The prevalence of intellectual disability across the world is around 1%. ▶ The prevalence is almost two times more in low and middle income countries compared to high income countries. ▶ Highest prevalence was seen in child and adolescent population. ▶ Using standardized diagnostic instruments and...
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| Published in | Research in developmental disabilities Vol. 32; no. 2; pp. 419 - 436 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Amsterdam
Elsevier Ltd
01.03.2011
Elsevier |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0891-4222 1873-3379 1873-3379 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.ridd.2010.12.018 |
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| Abstract | ▶ The prevalence of intellectual disability across the world is around 1%. ▶ The prevalence is almost two times more in low and middle income countries compared to high income countries. ▶ Highest prevalence was seen in child and adolescent population. ▶ Using standardized diagnostic instruments and disability measurements leads to lower estimates compared to simple psychological assessment tools even if confirmed by clinicians.
Intellectual disability is an extremely stigmatizing condition and involves utilization of large public health resources, but most data about its burden is based on studies conducted in developed countries. The aim of this meta-analysis was to collate data from published literature and estimate the prevalence of intellectual disability across all such studies. The review includes studies published between 1980 and 2009, and includes data from populations that provided an overall estimate of the prevalence of intellectual disability. Meta-analysis was done using random effects to account for heterogeneity. Sub-group analyses were also done. The prevalence of intellectual disability across all 52 studies included in the meta-analysis was 10.37/1000 population. The estimates varied according to income group of the country of origin, the age-group of the study population, and study design. The highest rates were seen in countries from low- and middle income countries. Studies based on identification of cases by using psychological assessments or scales showed higher prevalence compared to those using standard diagnostic systems and disability instruments. Prevalence was higher among studies based on children/adolescents, compared to those on adults. Higher prevalence in low and middle income group countries is of concern given the limitations in available resources in such countries to manage intellectual disability. The importance of using standardized diagnostic systems to correctly estimate the burden is underlined. The public health and research implications of this meta-analysis have been discussed. |
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| AbstractList | Intellectual disability is an extremely stigmatizing condition and involves utilization of large public health resources, but most data about its burden is based on studies conducted in developed countries. The aim of this meta-analysis was to collate data from published literature and estimate the prevalence of intellectual disability across all such studies. The review includes studies published between 1980 and 2009, and includes data from populations that provided an overall estimate of the prevalence of intellectual disability. Meta-analysis was done using random effects to account for heterogeneity. Sub-group analyses were also done. The prevalence of intellectual disability across all 52 studies included in the meta-analysis was 10.37/1000 population. The estimates varied according to income group of the country of origin, the age-group of the study population, and study design. The highest rates were seen in countries from low- and middle income countries. Studies based on identification of cases by using psychological assessments or scales showed higher prevalence compared to those using standard diagnostic systems and disability instruments. Prevalence was higher among studies based on children/adolescents, compared to those on adults. Higher prevalence in low and middle income group countries is of concern given the limitations in available resources in such countries to manage intellectual disability. The importance of using standardized diagnostic systems to correctly estimate the burden is underlined. The public health and research implications of this meta-analysis have been discussed. Intellectual disability is an extremely stigmatizing condition and involves utilization of large public health resources, but most data about its burden is based on studies conducted in developed countries. The aim of this meta-analysis was to collate data from published literature and estimate the prevalence of intellectual disability across all such studies. The review includes studies published between 1980 and 2009, and includes data from populations that provided an overall estimate of the prevalence of intellectual disability. Meta-analysis was done using random effects to account for heterogeneity. Sub-group analyses were also done. The prevalence of intellectual disability across all 52 studies included in the meta-analysis was 10.37/1000 population. The estimates varied according to income group of the country of origin, the age-group of the study population, and study design. The highest rates were seen in countries from low- and middle income countries. Studies based on identification of cases by using psychological assessments or scales showed higher prevalence compared to those using standard diagnostic systems and disability instruments. Prevalence was higher among studies based on children/adolescents, compared to those on adults. Higher prevalence in low and middle income group countries is of concern given the limitations in available resources in such countries to manage intellectual disability. The importance of using standardized diagnostic systems to correctly estimate the burden is underlined. The public health and research implications of this meta-analysis have been discussed. (Contains 4 figures and 2 tables.) Intellectual disability is an extremely stigmatizing condition and involves utilization of large public health resources, but most data about its burden is based on studies conducted in developed countries. The aim of this meta-analysis was to collate data from published literature and estimate the prevalence of intellectual disability across all such studies. The review includes studies published between 1980 and 2009, and includes data from populations that provided an overall estimate of the prevalence of intellectual disability. Meta-analysis was done using random effects to account for heterogeneity. Sub-group analyses were also done. The prevalence of intellectual disability across all 52 studies included in the meta-analysis was 10.37/1000 population. The estimates varied according to income group of the country of origin, the age-group of the study population, and study design. The highest rates were seen in countries from low- and middle income countries. Studies based on identification of cases by using psychological assessments or scales showed higher prevalence compared to those using standard diagnostic systems and disability instruments. Prevalence was higher among studies based on children/adolescents, compared to those on adults. Higher prevalence in low and middle income group countries is of concern given the limitations in available resources in such countries to manage intellectual disability. The importance of using standardized diagnostic systems to correctly estimate the burden is underlined. The public health and research implications of this meta-analysis have been discussed.Intellectual disability is an extremely stigmatizing condition and involves utilization of large public health resources, but most data about its burden is based on studies conducted in developed countries. The aim of this meta-analysis was to collate data from published literature and estimate the prevalence of intellectual disability across all such studies. The review includes studies published between 1980 and 2009, and includes data from populations that provided an overall estimate of the prevalence of intellectual disability. Meta-analysis was done using random effects to account for heterogeneity. Sub-group analyses were also done. The prevalence of intellectual disability across all 52 studies included in the meta-analysis was 10.37/1000 population. The estimates varied according to income group of the country of origin, the age-group of the study population, and study design. The highest rates were seen in countries from low- and middle income countries. Studies based on identification of cases by using psychological assessments or scales showed higher prevalence compared to those using standard diagnostic systems and disability instruments. Prevalence was higher among studies based on children/adolescents, compared to those on adults. Higher prevalence in low and middle income group countries is of concern given the limitations in available resources in such countries to manage intellectual disability. The importance of using standardized diagnostic systems to correctly estimate the burden is underlined. The public health and research implications of this meta-analysis have been discussed. Intellectual disability is an extremely stigmatizing condition and involves utilization of large public health resources, but most data about its burden is based on studies conducted in developed countries. The aim of this meta-analysis was to collate data from published literature and estimate the prevalence of intellectual disability across all such studies. The review includes studies published between 1980 and 2009, and includes data from populations that provided an overall estimate of the prevalence of intellectual disability. Meta-analysis was done using random effects to account for heterogeneity. Sub-group analyses were also done. The prevalence of intellectual disability across all 52 studies included in the meta-analysis was 10.37/1000 population. The estimates varied according to income group of the country of origin, the age-group of the study population, and study design. The highest rates were seen in countries from low- and middle income countries. Studies based on identification of cases by using psychological assessments or scales showed higher prevalence compared to those using standard diagnostic systems and disability instruments. Prevalence was higher among studies based on children/adolescents, compared to those on adults. Higher prevalence in low and middle income group countries is of concern given the limitations in available resources in such countries to manage intellectual disability. The importance of using standardized diagnostic systems to correctly estimate the burden is underlined. The public health and research implications of this meta-analysis have been discussed. [Copyright Elsevier B.V.] ▶ The prevalence of intellectual disability across the world is around 1%. ▶ The prevalence is almost two times more in low and middle income countries compared to high income countries. ▶ Highest prevalence was seen in child and adolescent population. ▶ Using standardized diagnostic instruments and disability measurements leads to lower estimates compared to simple psychological assessment tools even if confirmed by clinicians. Intellectual disability is an extremely stigmatizing condition and involves utilization of large public health resources, but most data about its burden is based on studies conducted in developed countries. The aim of this meta-analysis was to collate data from published literature and estimate the prevalence of intellectual disability across all such studies. The review includes studies published between 1980 and 2009, and includes data from populations that provided an overall estimate of the prevalence of intellectual disability. Meta-analysis was done using random effects to account for heterogeneity. Sub-group analyses were also done. The prevalence of intellectual disability across all 52 studies included in the meta-analysis was 10.37/1000 population. The estimates varied according to income group of the country of origin, the age-group of the study population, and study design. The highest rates were seen in countries from low- and middle income countries. Studies based on identification of cases by using psychological assessments or scales showed higher prevalence compared to those using standard diagnostic systems and disability instruments. Prevalence was higher among studies based on children/adolescents, compared to those on adults. Higher prevalence in low and middle income group countries is of concern given the limitations in available resources in such countries to manage intellectual disability. The importance of using standardized diagnostic systems to correctly estimate the burden is underlined. The public health and research implications of this meta-analysis have been discussed. |
| Author | Saxena, Shekhar Maulik, Pallab K. Mascarenhas, Maya N. Mathers, Colin D. Dua, Tarun |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Pallab K. surname: Maulik fullname: Maulik, Pallab K. email: pmaulik@georgeinstitute.org.in, pallabmaulik@gmail.com organization: The George Institute for Global Health, Plot 839C, Road 44A, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad 500033, India – sequence: 2 givenname: Maya N. surname: Mascarenhas fullname: Mascarenhas, Maya N. email: mascarenhasm@who.int organization: Department of Health Statistics and Informatics, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland – sequence: 3 givenname: Colin D. surname: Mathers fullname: Mathers, Colin D. email: mathersc@who.int organization: Department of Health Statistics and Informatics, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland – sequence: 4 givenname: Tarun surname: Dua fullname: Dua, Tarun email: duat@who.int organization: Programme for Neurological Diseases and Neuroscience, Evidence, Research and Action on Mental and Brain Disorders (MER), Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland – sequence: 5 givenname: Shekhar surname: Saxena fullname: Saxena, Shekhar email: saxenas@who.int organization: Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland |
| BackLink | http://eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/detail?accno=EJ915717$$DView record in ERIC http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=23924045$$DView record in Pascal Francis https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21236634$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | 2010 Elsevier Ltd 2015 INIST-CNRS Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: 2010 Elsevier Ltd – notice: 2015 INIST-CNRS – notice: Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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| DOI | 10.1016/j.ridd.2010.12.018 |
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| Keywords | Intellectual disability Prevalence Low- and middle income group country Disease burden Mental health Meta-analysis Social environment Handicap Human Socioeconomic status Poverty Developing countries Developmental disorder Review Epidemiology Mental retardation Metaanalysis Sociodemographic factor Population-based survey Intellectual deficiency Economic aspect Public health International |
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| Snippet | ▶ The prevalence of intellectual disability across the world is around 1%. ▶ The prevalence is almost two times more in low and middle income countries... Intellectual disability is an extremely stigmatizing condition and involves utilization of large public health resources, but most data about its burden is... |
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| SubjectTerms | Adolescents Adult and adolescent clinical studies Age Differences Biological and medical sciences Burden Children Cross Cultural Studies Demography Developed Nations Diagnostic systems Disease burden Economic Impact Foreign Countries Global Health Heterogeneity Humans Incidence Income Intellectual deficiency Intellectual disability Intellectual Disability - diagnosis Intellectual Disability - epidemiology Learning disabilities Low- and middle income group country Medical sciences Mental health Mental Retardation Meta Analysis Prevalence Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychopathology. Psychiatry Public Health Research Methodology Socioeconomic Status |
| Title | Prevalence of intellectual disability: A meta-analysis of population-based studies |
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