Cardiovascular Safety Pharmacology of Sibutramine
Sibutramine is an anorectic that has been banned since 2010 due to cardiovascular safety issues. However, counterfeit drugs or slimming products that include sibutramine are still available in the market. It has been reported that illegal sibutramine-contained pharmaceutical products induce cardiova...
Saved in:
| Published in | Biomolecules & therapeutics Vol. 23; no. 4; pp. 386 - 389 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Korea (South)
The Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
01.07.2015
한국응용약물학회 |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 2005-4483 1976-9148 1976-9148 2005-4483 |
| DOI | 10.4062/biomolther.2015.033 |
Cover
| Abstract | Sibutramine is an anorectic that has been banned since 2010 due to cardiovascular safety issues. However, counterfeit drugs or slimming products that include sibutramine are still available in the market. It has been reported that illegal sibutramine-contained pharmaceutical products induce cardiovascular crisis. However, the mechanism underlying sibutramine-induced cardiovascular adverse effect has not been fully evaluated yet. In this study, we performed cardiovascular safety pharmacology studies of sibutramine systemically using by hERG channel inhibition, action potential duration, and telemetry assays. Sibutramine inhibited hERG channel current of HEK293 cells with an IC50 of 3.92 μM in patch clamp assay and increased the heart rate and blood pressure (76 Δbpm in heart rate and 51 ΔmmHg in blood pressure) in beagle dogs at a dose of 30 mg/kg (per oral), while it shortened action potential duration (at 10 μM and 30 μM, resulted in 15% and 29% decreases in APD50, and 9% and 17% decreases in APD90, respectively) in the Purkinje fibers of rabbits and had no effects on the QTc interval in beagle dogs. These results suggest that sibutramine has a considerable adverse effect on the cardiovascular system and may contribute to accurate drug safety regulation. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Sibutramine is an anorectic that has been banned since 2010 due to cardiovascular safety issues. However, counterfeit drugs or slimming products that include sibutramine are still available in the market. It has been reported that illegal sibutramine-contained pharmaceutical products induce cardiovascular crisis. However, the mechanism underlying sibutramine-induced cardiovascular adverse effect has not been fully evaluated yet. In this study, we performed cardiovascular safety pharmacology studies of sibutramine systemically using by hERG channel inhibition, action potential duration, and telemetry assays. Sibutramine inhibited hERG channel current of HEK293 cells with an IC50 of 3.92 μM in patch clamp assay and increased the heart rate and blood pressure (76 Δbpm in heart rate and 51 ΔmmHg in blood pressure) in beagle dogs at a dose of 30 mg/kg (per oral), while it shortened action potential duration (at 10 μM and 30 μM, resulted in 15% and 29% decreases in APD50, and 9% and 17% decreases in APD90, respectively) in the Purkinje fibers of rabbits and had no effects on the QTc interval in beagle dogs. These results suggest that sibutramine has a considerable adverse effect on the cardiovascular system and may contribute to accurate drug safety regulation.Sibutramine is an anorectic that has been banned since 2010 due to cardiovascular safety issues. However, counterfeit drugs or slimming products that include sibutramine are still available in the market. It has been reported that illegal sibutramine-contained pharmaceutical products induce cardiovascular crisis. However, the mechanism underlying sibutramine-induced cardiovascular adverse effect has not been fully evaluated yet. In this study, we performed cardiovascular safety pharmacology studies of sibutramine systemically using by hERG channel inhibition, action potential duration, and telemetry assays. Sibutramine inhibited hERG channel current of HEK293 cells with an IC50 of 3.92 μM in patch clamp assay and increased the heart rate and blood pressure (76 Δbpm in heart rate and 51 ΔmmHg in blood pressure) in beagle dogs at a dose of 30 mg/kg (per oral), while it shortened action potential duration (at 10 μM and 30 μM, resulted in 15% and 29% decreases in APD50, and 9% and 17% decreases in APD90, respectively) in the Purkinje fibers of rabbits and had no effects on the QTc interval in beagle dogs. These results suggest that sibutramine has a considerable adverse effect on the cardiovascular system and may contribute to accurate drug safety regulation. Sibutramine is an anorectic that has been banned since 2010 due to cardiovascular safety issues. However, counterfeit drugs or slimming products that include sibutramine are still available in the market. It has been reported that illegal sibutramine-contained pharmaceutical products induce cardiovascular crisis. However, the mechanism underlying sibutramine-induced cardiovascular adverse effect has not been fully evaluated yet. In this study, we performed cardiovascular safety pharmacology studies of sibutramine systemically using by hERG channel inhibition, action potential duration, and telemetry assays. Sibutramine inhibited hERG channel current of HEK293 cells with an IC50 of 3.92 μM in patch clamp assay and increased the heart rate and blood pressure (76 Δbpm in heart rate and 51 ΔmmHg in blood pressure) in beagle dogs at a dose of 30 mg/kg (per oral), while it shortened action potential duration (at 10 μM and 30 μM, resulted in 15% and 29% decreases in APD50, and 9% and 17% decreases in APD90, respectively) in the Purkinje fi bers of rabbits and had no effects on the QTc interval in beagle dogs. These results suggest that sibutramine has a considerable adverse effect on the cardiovascular system and may contribute to accurate drug safety regulation. KCI Citation Count: 9 Sibutramine is an anorectic that has been banned since 2010 due to cardiovascular safety issues. However, counterfeit drugs or slimming products that include sibutramine are still available in the market. It has been reported that illegal sibutramine-contained pharmaceutical products induce cardiovascular crisis. However, the mechanism underlying sibutramine-induced cardiovascular adverse effect has not been fully evaluated yet. In this study, we performed cardiovascular safety pharmacology studies of sibutramine systemically using by hERG channel inhibition, action potential duration, and telemetry assays. Sibutramine inhibited hERG channel current of HEK293 cells with an IC50 of 3.92 μM in patch clamp assay and increased the heart rate and blood pressure (76 Δbpm in heart rate and 51 ΔmmHg in blood pressure) in beagle dogs at a dose of 30 mg/kg (per oral), while it shortened action potential duration (at 10 μM and 30 μM, resulted in 15% and 29% decreases in APD50, and 9% and 17% decreases in APD90, respectively) in the Purkinje fibers of rabbits and had no effects on the QTc interval in beagle dogs. These results suggest that sibutramine has a considerable adverse effect on the cardiovascular system and may contribute to accurate drug safety regulation. Sibutramine is an anorectic that has been banned since 2010 due to cardiovascular safety issues. However, counterfeit drugs or slimming products that include sibutramine are still available in the market. It has been reported that illegal sibutramine-contained pharmaceutical products induce cardiovascular crisis. However, the mechanism underlying sibutramine-induced cardiovascular adverse effect has not been fully evaluated yet. In this study, we performed cardiovascular safety pharmacology studies of sibutramine systemically using by hERG channel inhibition, action potential duration, and telemetry assays. Sibutramine inhibited hERG channel current of HEK293 cells with an IC 50 of 3.92 μM in patch clamp assay and increased the heart rate and blood pressure (76 Δbpm in heart rate and 51 ΔmmHg in blood pressure) in beagle dogs at a dose of 30 mg/kg (per oral), while it shortened action potential duration (at 10 μM and 30 μM, resulted in 15% and 29% decreases in APD 50 , and 9% and 17% decreases in APD 90 , respectively) in the Purkinje fibers of rabbits and had no effects on the QTc interval in beagle dogs. These results suggest that sibutramine has a considerable adverse effect on the cardiovascular system and may contribute to accurate drug safety regulation. |
| Author | Shin, Ji Soon Seong, Won-Keun Yun, Jaesuk Kim, Hyung Soo Choi, Ki Hwan Song, Yun Jeong Cho, Dae Hyun Chung, Eunyong Cha, Hey Jin Kim, Young-Hoon Han, Kyoung Moon |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Jaesuk surname: Yun fullname: Yun, Jaesuk organization: National Institute of Drug and Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Osong 363-700, Republic of Korea – sequence: 2 givenname: Eunyong surname: Chung fullname: Chung, Eunyong organization: National Institute of Drug and Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Osong 363-700, Republic of Korea – sequence: 3 givenname: Ki Hwan surname: Choi fullname: Choi, Ki Hwan organization: National Institute of Drug and Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Osong 363-700, Republic of Korea – sequence: 4 givenname: Dae Hyun surname: Cho fullname: Cho, Dae Hyun organization: National Institute of Drug and Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Osong 363-700, Republic of Korea – sequence: 5 givenname: Yun Jeong surname: Song fullname: Song, Yun Jeong organization: National Institute of Drug and Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Osong 363-700, Republic of Korea – sequence: 6 givenname: Kyoung Moon surname: Han fullname: Han, Kyoung Moon organization: National Institute of Drug and Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Osong 363-700, Republic of Korea – sequence: 7 givenname: Hey Jin surname: Cha fullname: Cha, Hey Jin organization: National Institute of Drug and Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Osong 363-700, Republic of Korea – sequence: 8 givenname: Ji Soon surname: Shin fullname: Shin, Ji Soon organization: National Institute of Drug and Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Osong 363-700, Republic of Korea – sequence: 9 givenname: Won-Keun surname: Seong fullname: Seong, Won-Keun organization: National Institute of Drug and Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Osong 363-700, Republic of Korea – sequence: 10 givenname: Young-Hoon surname: Kim fullname: Kim, Young-Hoon organization: National Institute of Drug and Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Osong 363-700, Republic of Korea – sequence: 11 givenname: Hyung Soo surname: Kim fullname: Kim, Hyung Soo organization: National Institute of Drug and Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Osong 363-700, Republic of Korea |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26157557$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed https://www.kci.go.kr/kciportal/ci/sereArticleSearch/ciSereArtiView.kci?sereArticleSearchBean.artiId=ART002002713$$DAccess content in National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) |
| BookMark | eNp9kUtv1DAUhS1URKeFX4CEZskmg2_83iBVowKVKoFoWVuOc9MxTeLBTirNv8fT6QNYsLq2_J1zrHtOyNEYRyTkLdAVp7L-0IQ4xH7aYFrVFMSKMvaCLMAoWRng-ogsakpFxblmx-Qk55-USgVCviLHtQShhFALAmuX2hDvXPZz79LyynU47ZbfNi4Nzsc-3uyWsVtehWaekhvCiK_Jy871Gd88zFPy49P59fpLdfn188X67LLynOmpMl7UTmvKBTBQWsnaMOEQm0ZpV7u2HLBFECgbD-XmG85Mi77tFAemNDsl7w--Y-rsrQ82unA_b6K9Tfbs-_WFBWMkmIJ-PKDbuRmw9TiWv_Z2m8Lg0u5e-PfLGDbF5s6W3RjNxHPWNsVfM-bJDiF77Hs3YpyzBWkEKCMpL-i7P7OeQh5XWgBzAHyKOSfsrA-Tm0LcR4feArX7-uxzfXZfny31FS37R_to_z_Vb8dKozo |
| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1039_C6MD00207B crossref_primary_10_1016_j_xcrm_2021_100216 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_yrtph_2025_105795 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11419_021_00609_3 crossref_primary_10_1210_endrev_bnab034 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jash_2017_12_002 crossref_primary_10_1080_17460441_2019_1567487 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12012_020_09622_1 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12272_016_0748_2 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_taap_2016_06_025 |
| Cites_doi | 10.2165/11584800-000000000-00000 10.1080/01480540600652996 10.1056/NEJMoa1003114 10.1081/DCT-52525 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2010.03822.x 10.1038/oby.2007.323 10.1177/0960327108095991 10.4070/kcj.2013.43.9.632 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | Copyright ©2015, The Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology 2015 |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: Copyright ©2015, The Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology 2015 |
| DBID | AAYXX CITATION NPM 7X8 5PM ACYCR |
| DOI | 10.4062/biomolther.2015.033 |
| DatabaseName | CrossRef PubMed MEDLINE - Academic PubMed Central (Full Participant titles) Korean Citation Index |
| DatabaseTitle | CrossRef PubMed MEDLINE - Academic |
| DatabaseTitleList | MEDLINE - Academic PubMed |
| Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| EISSN | 1976-9148 2005-4483 |
| EndPage | 389 |
| ExternalDocumentID | oai_kci_go_kr_ARTI_199619 PMC4489835 26157557 10_4062_biomolther_2015_033 |
| Genre | Journal Article |
| GroupedDBID | --- 23N 5-W 5GY 8JR 9ZL AAYXX ADBBV ADRAZ AENEX ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AOIJS BAWUL CITATION DIK DU5 EF. F5P HYE HZB JDI KQ8 M48 OK1 PGMZT RPM NPM 7X8 5PM .UV ACYCR |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c438t-9c52a8804513178762935aeebb78a2adebbede15e6bc1debcb439decdf7413783 |
| IEDL.DBID | M48 |
| ISSN | 2005-4483 1976-9148 |
| IngestDate | Tue Nov 21 21:47:39 EST 2023 Thu Aug 21 14:34:39 EDT 2025 Fri Jul 11 00:17:07 EDT 2025 Thu Apr 03 06:59:55 EDT 2025 Thu Apr 24 23:02:13 EDT 2025 Tue Jul 01 04:15:27 EDT 2025 |
| IsDoiOpenAccess | true |
| IsOpenAccess | true |
| IsPeerReviewed | false |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Issue | 4 |
| Keywords | QT prolongation Anorectic Sibutramine Beagle dogs |
| Language | English |
| License | This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| LinkModel | DirectLink |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c438t-9c52a8804513178762935aeebb78a2adebbede15e6bc1debcb439decdf7413783 |
| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 The first two authors contributed equally to this work. G704-000363.2015.23.4.013 |
| OpenAccessLink | http://journals.scholarsportal.info/openUrl.xqy?doi=10.4062/biomolther.2015.033 |
| PMID | 26157557 |
| PQID | 1695179604 |
| PQPubID | 23479 |
| PageCount | 4 |
| ParticipantIDs | nrf_kci_oai_kci_go_kr_ARTI_199619 pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_4489835 proquest_miscellaneous_1695179604 pubmed_primary_26157557 crossref_citationtrail_10_4062_biomolther_2015_033 crossref_primary_10_4062_biomolther_2015_033 |
| ProviderPackageCode | CITATION AAYXX |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 2015-07-01 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2015-07-01 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 07 year: 2015 text: 2015-07-01 day: 01 |
| PublicationDecade | 2010 |
| PublicationPlace | Korea (South) |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: Korea (South) |
| PublicationTitle | Biomolecules & therapeutics |
| PublicationTitleAlternate | Biomol Ther (Seoul) |
| PublicationYear | 2015 |
| Publisher | The Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology 한국응용약물학회 |
| Publisher_xml | – name: The Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology – name: 한국응용약물학회 |
| References | (OOOMB4_2015_v23n4_386_009) 2006; 29 (OOOMB4_2015_v23n4_386_010) 2011; 71 (OOOMB4_2015_v23n4_386_003) 2010; 363 (OOOMB4_2015_v23n4_386_002) 2013; 43 (OOOMB4_2015_v23n4_386_005) 2008; 27 (OOOMB4_2015_v23n4_386_004) 2005; 28 (OOOMB4_2015_v23n4_386_006) 2009; 106 (OOOMB4_2015_v23n4_386_007) 2007; 15 (OOOMB4_2015_v23n4_386_001) 1998; 22 (OOOMB4_2015_v23n4_386_008) 2010; 10 18829731 - Hum Exp Toxicol. 2008 Jul;27(7):553-8 19471631 - Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2009 Mar;106(13):218-22 9758240 - Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1998 Aug;22 Suppl 1:S18-28; discussion S29 20818901 - N Engl J Med. 2010 Sep 2;363(10):905-17 18070762 - Obesity (Silver Spring). 2007 Nov;15(11):2712-22 21219406 - Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2011 Feb;71(2):250-3 24174965 - Korean Circ J. 2013 Sep;43(9):632-5 16777708 - Drug Chem Toxicol. 2006;29(3):303-12 15865259 - Drug Chem Toxicol. 2005;28(2):177-86 20860415 - Am J Cardiovasc Drugs. 2010;10(5):321-34 |
| References_xml | – volume: 22 start-page: 18 year: 1998 ident: OOOMB4_2015_v23n4_386_001 publication-title: Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord. – volume: 10 start-page: 321 year: 2010 ident: OOOMB4_2015_v23n4_386_008 publication-title: Am. J. Cardiovasc. Drugs doi: 10.2165/11584800-000000000-00000 – volume: 29 start-page: 303 year: 2006 ident: OOOMB4_2015_v23n4_386_009 publication-title: Drug Chem. Toxicol. doi: 10.1080/01480540600652996 – volume: 363 start-page: 905 year: 2010 ident: OOOMB4_2015_v23n4_386_003 publication-title: N. Engl. J. Med. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1003114 – volume: 28 start-page: 177 year: 2005 ident: OOOMB4_2015_v23n4_386_004 publication-title: Drug Chem. Toxicol. doi: 10.1081/DCT-52525 – volume: 71 start-page: 250 year: 2011 ident: OOOMB4_2015_v23n4_386_010 publication-title: Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2010.03822.x – volume: 106 start-page: 218 year: 2009 ident: OOOMB4_2015_v23n4_386_006 publication-title: Dtsch. Arztebl. Int. – volume: 15 start-page: 2712 year: 2007 ident: OOOMB4_2015_v23n4_386_007 publication-title: Obesity doi: 10.1038/oby.2007.323 – volume: 27 start-page: 553 year: 2008 ident: OOOMB4_2015_v23n4_386_005 publication-title: Hum. Exp. Toxicol. doi: 10.1177/0960327108095991 – volume: 43 start-page: 632 year: 2013 ident: OOOMB4_2015_v23n4_386_002 publication-title: Korean Circ. J. doi: 10.4070/kcj.2013.43.9.632 – reference: 16777708 - Drug Chem Toxicol. 2006;29(3):303-12 – reference: 20818901 - N Engl J Med. 2010 Sep 2;363(10):905-17 – reference: 15865259 - Drug Chem Toxicol. 2005;28(2):177-86 – reference: 21219406 - Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2011 Feb;71(2):250-3 – reference: 18829731 - Hum Exp Toxicol. 2008 Jul;27(7):553-8 – reference: 9758240 - Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1998 Aug;22 Suppl 1:S18-28; discussion S29 – reference: 20860415 - Am J Cardiovasc Drugs. 2010;10(5):321-34 – reference: 18070762 - Obesity (Silver Spring). 2007 Nov;15(11):2712-22 – reference: 19471631 - Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2009 Mar;106(13):218-22 – reference: 24174965 - Korean Circ J. 2013 Sep;43(9):632-5 |
| SSID | ssj0067156 |
| Score | 2.0531316 |
| Snippet | Sibutramine is an anorectic that has been banned since 2010 due to cardiovascular safety issues. However, counterfeit drugs or slimming products that include... |
| SourceID | nrf pubmedcentral proquest pubmed crossref |
| SourceType | Open Website Open Access Repository Aggregation Database Index Database Enrichment Source |
| StartPage | 386 |
| SubjectTerms | Original 약학 |
| Title | Cardiovascular Safety Pharmacology of Sibutramine |
| URI | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26157557 https://www.proquest.com/docview/1695179604 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC4489835 https://www.kci.go.kr/kciportal/ci/sereArticleSearch/ciSereArtiView.kci?sereArticleSearchBean.artiId=ART002002713 |
| Volume | 23 |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| ispartofPNX | Biomolecules & Therapeutics, 2015, 23(4), , pp.386-389 |
| link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwjV1LS8QwEA6rXryI4mt9UcGjXZs2aZOTiCgqrAjrgreQpImKa6t1BfffO7PdhysqntrSadN-yXS-aSYzhBz4RBoZuyz0wkYh41KEwoPiORcb52CASY8LnNvX6UWXXd3xuwYZV0UdAfj2o2uH9aS6Va_18To4BoUH_toCcxQf4UL1sod8CUO1eCtKkjmyAKYpRW-szSbTCmlGh-VcKdhg0HIm6jREv91kxlTNFZX_iYV-D6b8Yp3Ol8nSiFYGJ_U4WCENV6wSejoTbBp0tHf9QXAzzVY9CEofdLDkVaWfgW-uke752e3pRTgqkRBaloh-KC2PNagg4xSIAH7ZZMK1c8ZkQsc6hx2XO8pdaiyFI2uAgOTO5h6YRJKJZJ3MF2XhNkngGfVAjnKRp5JZbQwwlySL88hoLqJcN0k8RkPZUf5wLGPRU-BHIIRqCqFCCBVA2CSHk4te6vQZf4vvA8zqyT4qTHuN2_tSPVUKyP2lwoBpKkFm3AkKVAHnN3Thyvc3RVOJCcfSiDXJRt0pk0bBUQRiyrMmyWa6ayKA7c2eKR4fhum2wYGVwFO3_vFs22QRX6UO590h8_3q3e0CaembveFA3Bv-TfoEMvLv4A |
| linkProvider | Scholars Portal |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Cardiovascular+Safety+Pharmacology+of+Sibutramine&rft.jtitle=Biomolecules+%26+therapeutics&rft.au=%EC%9C%A4%EC%9E%AC%EC%84%9D&rft.au=%EC%A0%95%EC%9D%80%EC%9A%A9&rft.au=%EC%B5%9C%EA%B8%B0%ED%99%98&rft.au=%EC%A1%B0%EB%8C%80%ED%98%84&rft.date=2015-07-01&rft.pub=%ED%95%9C%EA%B5%AD%EC%9D%91%EC%9A%A9%EC%95%BD%EB%AC%BC%ED%95%99%ED%9A%8C&rft.issn=1976-9148&rft.eissn=2005-4483&rft.spage=386&rft.epage=389&rft_id=info:doi/10.4062%2Fbiomolther.2015.033&rft.externalDBID=n%2Fa&rft.externalDocID=oai_kci_go_kr_ARTI_199619 |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2005-4483&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2005-4483&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2005-4483&client=summon |