SAMHD1 transcript upregulation during SIV infection of the central nervous system does not associate with reduced viral load

• Published in: Scientific reports Vol. 6; no. 1; p. 22629
• Main Authors: Buchanan, Erin L., Espinoza, Diego A., McAlexander, Melissa A., Myers, Stephanie L., Moyer, Adam, Witwer, Kenneth W.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 03.03.2016; Nature Publishing Group
• Subjects: 38/77; 631/250/262; 631/326/596/2556; 631/337/572; 64; Animals; Astrocytes; Central nervous system; Central Nervous System Viral Diseases - immunology; Central Nervous System Viral Diseases - metabolism; Central Nervous System Viral Diseases - virology; Female; Humanities and Social Sciences; Infections; Interferon; Interferon Type I - biosynthesis; Interferon Type I - immunology; Macaca nemestrina; Macrophages; Macrophages - immunology; Macrophages - metabolism; Macrophages - virology; Male; Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins - biosynthesis; Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins - immunology; multidisciplinary; Nervous system; Nucleotidase; Nucleotides; Reverse transcription; Science; Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - immunology; Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - metabolism; Simian Immunodeficiency Virus - immunology; Simian Immunodeficiency Virus - metabolism; Up-Regulation - immunology; Viral Load - immunology

Restriction of HIV-1 in myeloid-lineage cells is attributed in part to the nucleotidase activity of the SAM-domain and HD-domain containing protein (SAMHD1), which depletes free nucleotides, blocking reverse transcription. In the same cells, the Vpx protein of HIV-2 and most SIVs counteracts SAMHD1....