Innate Immunity and Immune Evasion by Enterovirus 71

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is a major infectious disease affecting millions of people worldwide and it is the main etiological agent for outbreaks of hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD). Infection is often associated with severe gastroenterological, pulmonary, and neurological diseases that are most preva...

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Published inViruses Vol. 7; no. 12; pp. 6613 - 6630
Main Authors Pathinayake, Prabuddha S, Hsu, Alan C-Y, Wark, Peter A B
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI 14.12.2015
MDPI AG
Subjects
Enterovirus 71
Enterovirus A, Human - immunology
Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease - immunology
Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease - virology
Host-Pathogen Interactions
Humans
Immune Evasion
Immunity, Innate
innate immunity
Interferon antagonist
J0101
Review
Enterovirus 71
Interferon antagonist
innate immunity
J0101
Online AccessGet full text

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Abstract Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is a major infectious disease affecting millions of people worldwide and it is the main etiological agent for outbreaks of hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD). Infection is often associated with severe gastroenterological, pulmonary, and neurological diseases that are most prevalent in children. Currently, no effective vaccine or antiviral drugs exist against EV71 infection. A lack of knowledge on the molecular mechanisms of EV71 infection in the host and the virus-host interactions is a major constraint to developing specific antiviral strategies against this infection. Previous studies have identified and characterized the function of several viral proteins produced by EV71 that interact with the host innate immune proteins, including type I interferon signaling and microRNAs. These interactions eventually promote efficient viral replication and increased susceptibility to the disease. In this review we discuss the functions of EV71 viral proteins in the modulation of host innate immune responses to facilitate viral replication.
AbstractList Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is a major infectious disease affecting millions of people worldwide and it is the main etiological agent for outbreaks of hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD). Infection is often associated with severe gastroenterological, pulmonary, and neurological diseases that are most prevalent in children. Currently, no effective vaccine or antiviral drugs exist against EV71 infection. A lack of knowledge on the molecular mechanisms of EV71 infection in the host and the virus-host interactions is a major constraint to developing specific antiviral strategies against this infection. Previous studies have identified and characterized the function of several viral proteins produced by EV71 that interact with the host innate immune proteins, including type I interferon signaling and microRNAs. These interactions eventually promote efficient viral replication and increased susceptibility to the disease. In this review we discuss the functions of EV71 viral proteins in the modulation of host innate immune responses to facilitate viral replication.
Author Wark, Peter A B
Pathinayake, Prabuddha S
Hsu, Alan C-Y
AuthorAffiliation 1 Priority Research Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Disease, University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, New South Wales 2305, Australia; alan.hsu@newcastle.edu.au (A.C.Y.H.); peter.wark@hnehealth.nsw.gov.au (P.A.B.W.)
2 Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales 2305, Australia
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 1 Priority Research Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Disease, University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, New South Wales 2305, Australia; alan.hsu@newcastle.edu.au (A.C.Y.H.); peter.wark@hnehealth.nsw.gov.au (P.A.B.W.)
– name: 2 Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales 2305, Australia
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Prabuddha S
  surname: Pathinayake
  fullname: Pathinayake, Prabuddha S
  email: prabuddha.pathinayake@uon.edu.au
  organization: Priority Research Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Disease, University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, New South Wales 2305, Australia. prabuddha.pathinayake@uon.edu.au
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Alan C-Y
  surname: Hsu
  fullname: Hsu, Alan C-Y
  email: alan.hsu@newcastle.edu.au
  organization: Priority Research Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Disease, University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, New South Wales 2305, Australia. alan.hsu@newcastle.edu.au
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Peter A B
  surname: Wark
  fullname: Wark, Peter A B
  email: peter.wark@hnehealth.nsw.gov.au, peter.wark@hnehealth.nsw.gov.au
  organization: Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, New South Wales 2305, Australia. peter.wark@hnehealth.nsw.gov.au
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26694447$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Issue 12
Keywords Enterovirus 71
Interferon antagonist
innate immunity
J0101
Language English
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Snippet Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is a major infectious disease affecting millions of people worldwide and it is the main etiological agent for outbreaks of hand foot and...
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SubjectTerms Enterovirus 71
Enterovirus A, Human - immunology
Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease - immunology
Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease - virology
Host-Pathogen Interactions
Humans
Immune Evasion
Immunity, Innate
innate immunity
Interferon antagonist
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