Evaluation of a novel severe combined immunodeficiency mouse model for antiviral drug evaluation against Chandipura virus infection

Chandipura virus (CHPV) is a negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus known to cause fatal encephalitis outbreaks in the Indian subcontinent. The virus displays tropism towards the pediatric population and holds significant public health concerns. Currently, there is no specific, effective therapy f...

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Published inAntiviral research Vol. 213; p. 105582
Main Authors Kitaura, Satoshi, Tobiume, Minoru, Kawahara, Madoka, Satoh, Masaaki, Kato, Hirofumi, Nakayama, Noriko, Nakajima, Nozomi, Komeno, Takashi, Furuta, Yousuke, Suzuki, Tadaki, Moriya, Kyoji, Saijo, Masayuki, Ebihara, Hideki, Takayama-Ito, Mutsuyo
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.05.2023
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Abstract Chandipura virus (CHPV) is a negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus known to cause fatal encephalitis outbreaks in the Indian subcontinent. The virus displays tropism towards the pediatric population and holds significant public health concerns. Currently, there is no specific, effective therapy for CHPV encephalitis. In this study, we evaluated a novel C.B-17 severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mouse model which can be used for pre-clinical antiviral evaluation. Inoculation of CHPV developed a lethal infection in our model. Plaque assay and immunohistochemistry detected increased viral loads and antigens in various organs, including the brain, spinal cord, adrenal glands, and whole blood. We further conducted a proof-of-concept evaluation of favipiravir in the SCID mouse model. Favipiravir treatment improved survival with pre-symptomatic (days 5–14) and post-symptomatic (days 9–18) treatment. Reduced viral loads were observed in whole blood, kidney/adrenal gland, and brain tissue with favipiravir treatment. The findings in this study demonstrate the utility of SCID mouse for in vivo drug efficacy evaluation and the potential efficacy of favipiravir against CHPV infection. [Display omitted] •Chandipura virus causes a lethal infection in severe combined immunodeficiency mice.•Favipiravir treatment improved survival in the novel mouse model.•The novel mouse model has utility in antiviral evaluation against Chandipura virus.
AbstractList Chandipura virus (CHPV) is a negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus known to cause fatal encephalitis outbreaks in the Indian subcontinent. The virus displays tropism towards the pediatric population and holds significant public health concerns. Currently, there is no specific, effective therapy for CHPV encephalitis. In this study, we evaluated a novel C.B-17 severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mouse model which can be used for pre-clinical antiviral evaluation. Inoculation of CHPV developed a lethal infection in our model. Plaque assay and immunohistochemistry detected increased viral loads and antigens in various organs, including the brain, spinal cord, adrenal glands, and whole blood. We further conducted a proof-of-concept evaluation of favipiravir in the SCID mouse model. Favipiravir treatment improved survival with pre-symptomatic (days 5–14) and post-symptomatic (days 9–18) treatment. Reduced viral loads were observed in whole blood, kidney/adrenal gland, and brain tissue with favipiravir treatment. The findings in this study demonstrate the utility of SCID mouse for in vivo drug efficacy evaluation and the potential efficacy of favipiravir against CHPV infection. [Display omitted] •Chandipura virus causes a lethal infection in severe combined immunodeficiency mice.•Favipiravir treatment improved survival in the novel mouse model.•The novel mouse model has utility in antiviral evaluation against Chandipura virus.
Chandipura virus (CHPV) is a negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus known to cause fatal encephalitis outbreaks in the Indian subcontinent. The virus displays tropism towards the pediatric population and holds significant public health concerns. Currently, there is no specific, effective therapy for CHPV encephalitis. In this study, we evaluated a novel C.B-17 severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mouse model which can be used for pre-clinical antiviral evaluation. Inoculation of CHPV developed a lethal infection in our model. Plaque assay and immunohistochemistry detected increased viral loads and antigens in various organs, including the brain, spinal cord, adrenal glands, and whole blood. We further conducted a proof-of-concept evaluation of favipiravir in the SCID mouse model. Favipiravir treatment improved survival with pre-symptomatic (days 5-14) and post-symptomatic (days 9-18) treatment. Reduced viral loads were observed in whole blood, kidney/adrenal gland, and brain tissue with favipiravir treatment. The findings in this study demonstrate the utility of SCID mouse for in vivo drug efficacy evaluation and the potential efficacy of favipiravir against CHPV infection.
Chandipura virus (CHPV) is a negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus known to cause fatal encephalitis outbreaks in the Indian subcontinent. The virus displays tropism towards the pediatric population and holds significant public health concerns. Currently, there is no specific, effective therapy for CHPV encephalitis. In this study, we evaluated a novel C.B-17 severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mouse model which can be used for pre-clinical antiviral evaluation. Inoculation of CHPV developed a lethal infection in our model. Plaque assay and immunohistochemistry detected increased viral loads and antigens in various organs, including the brain, spinal cord, adrenal glands, and whole blood. We further conducted a proof-of-concept evaluation of favipiravir in the SCID mouse model. Favipiravir treatment improved survival with pre-symptomatic (days 5-14) and post-symptomatic (days 9-18) treatment. Reduced viral loads were observed in whole blood, kidney/adrenal gland, and brain tissue with favipiravir treatment. The findings in this study demonstrate the utility of SCID mouse for in vivo drug efficacy evaluation and the potential efficacy of favipiravir against CHPV infection.Chandipura virus (CHPV) is a negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus known to cause fatal encephalitis outbreaks in the Indian subcontinent. The virus displays tropism towards the pediatric population and holds significant public health concerns. Currently, there is no specific, effective therapy for CHPV encephalitis. In this study, we evaluated a novel C.B-17 severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mouse model which can be used for pre-clinical antiviral evaluation. Inoculation of CHPV developed a lethal infection in our model. Plaque assay and immunohistochemistry detected increased viral loads and antigens in various organs, including the brain, spinal cord, adrenal glands, and whole blood. We further conducted a proof-of-concept evaluation of favipiravir in the SCID mouse model. Favipiravir treatment improved survival with pre-symptomatic (days 5-14) and post-symptomatic (days 9-18) treatment. Reduced viral loads were observed in whole blood, kidney/adrenal gland, and brain tissue with favipiravir treatment. The findings in this study demonstrate the utility of SCID mouse for in vivo drug efficacy evaluation and the potential efficacy of favipiravir against CHPV infection.
ArticleNumber 105582
Author Kato, Hirofumi
Suzuki, Tadaki
Saijo, Masayuki
Ebihara, Hideki
Nakajima, Nozomi
Kawahara, Madoka
Tobiume, Minoru
Takayama-Ito, Mutsuyo
Nakayama, Noriko
Satoh, Masaaki
Furuta, Yousuke
Kitaura, Satoshi
Komeno, Takashi
Moriya, Kyoji
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  surname: Suzuki
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  givenname: Kyoji
  orcidid: 0000-0001-9628-2724
  surname: Moriya
  fullname: Moriya, Kyoji
  organization: Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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  givenname: Masayuki
  orcidid: 0000-0001-5458-7298
  surname: Saijo
  fullname: Saijo, Masayuki
  organization: Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
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  orcidid: 0000-0002-2576-9735
  surname: Ebihara
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  givenname: Mutsuyo
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  surname: Takayama-Ito
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  organization: Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
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Keywords Pediatric infectious disease
Vesiculovirus
CHPV
SCID
Favipiravir
T-705
Language English
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Snippet Chandipura virus (CHPV) is a negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus known to cause fatal encephalitis outbreaks in the Indian subcontinent. The virus...
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SubjectTerms Animals
Antiviral Agents - therapeutic use
Child
CHPV
Drug Evaluation
Encephalitis
Favipiravir
Humans
Mice
Mice, SCID
Pediatric infectious disease
SCID
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency - drug therapy
T-705
Vesiculovirus
Vesiculovirus - genetics
Title Evaluation of a novel severe combined immunodeficiency mouse model for antiviral drug evaluation against Chandipura virus infection
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2023.105582
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36948302
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