Breeding potential of introgressions into upland cotton: genetic effects and heterosis

• Published in: Plant breeding Vol. 129; no. 5; pp. 526 - 532
• Main Authors: Wu, J, McCarty, J.C, Jenkins, J.N, Meredith, W.R
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford, UK Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.10.2010; Blackwell Publishing Ltd; Blackwell
• Subjects: agronomic traits; Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions; Biological and medical sciences; breeding value; Cotton; Dominance; Elongation; Farms; fiber quality; fibre quality; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; genetic effects; Genetics and breeding of economic plants; germplasm; Gossypium hirsutum; Heterosis; Heterosis. Floral biology applications: apomixy, male sterility, incompatibility, varia; Hybrids; Inbreeding; Interspecific and intergeneric hybridization, introgressions; introgression; lint cotton; phenotypic variation; Plant breeding; Plant breeding: fundamental aspects and methodology; Seeds; Textile industry; upland cotton; Malvaceae; genetic effects; Fiber; Introgression; Fiber crop; Genetic determinism; Heterosis; upland cotton; Dicotyledones; Angiospermae; Genetic improvement; fibre quality; Spermatophyta; Gossypium hirsutum
• ISSN: 0179-9541; 1439-0523
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0523.2009.01715.x

With 5 tables As new technology in the textile industry demands higher quality fibres, improving cotton fibre quality has become increasingly important. Twelve cotton lines selected from different breeding programmes with diverse fibre characteristics were used for this study. These lines and their F₂ hybrids were grown at the Mississippi State University research farm in three environments. Agronomic and fibre traits were measured and analysed by the additive-dominance genetic model. Significant additive effects were detected for all traits except seed cotton yield and fibre elongation. Dominance effects were significant for all traits. All MD lines and CS-B16 showed positive additive effects for lint percentage (LP), indicating that these lines can be used as general combiners to improve LP. MD90ne was a good general combiner for cotton yield. MD51ne, MD52ne, MD90ne and three derived day-neutral lines were associated with increased additive effects for fibre strength. Some F₂ hybrids with positive middle-parent heterosis for both yield and fibre quality were identified. This study revealed that these genetic lines can be used for inbred line and/or hybrid development.