Aliskiren ameliorates pressure overload-induced heart hypertrophy and fibrosis in mice

• Published in: Acta pharmacologica Sinica Vol. 35; no. 8; pp. 1005 - 1014
• Main Authors: Weng, Li-qing, Zhang, Wen-bin, Ye, Yong, Yin, Pei-pei, Yuan, Jie, Wang, Xing-xu, Kang, Le, Jiang, Sha-sha, You, Jie-yun, Wu, Jian, Gong, Hui, Ge, Jun-bo, Zou, Yun-zeng
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Nature Publishing Group 01.08.2014
• Subjects: Amides - therapeutic use; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents - therapeutic use; Autophagy - drug effects; Cardiomegaly - drug therapy; Cardiomegaly - etiology; Cardiomegaly - metabolism; Cardiomegaly - pathology; Cells, Cultured; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases - metabolism; Fibrosis - drug therapy; Fibrosis - etiology; Fibrosis - metabolism; Fibrosis - pathology; Fumarates - therapeutic use; Heart - drug effects; Heart - physiopathology; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Myocardium - metabolism; Myocardium - pathology; Myocytes, Cardiac - drug effects; Myocytes, Cardiac - metabolism; Myocytes, Cardiac - pathology; Original; Phosphorylation; Protein Kinase C - metabolism; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stress, Mechanical; 压力; 小鼠模型; 心脏; 纤维化; 肥大; 蛋白激酶C; 血管紧张素; 超负荷
• ISSN: 1671-4083; 1745-7254
• DOI: 10.1038/aps.2014.45

Aim： Aliskiren （ALK） is a renin inhibitor that has been used in the treatment of hypertension. The aim of this study was to determine whether ALK could ameliorate pressure overload-induced heart hypertrophy and fibrosis, and to elucidate the mechanisms of action. Methods： Transverse aortic constriction （TAC） was performed in mice to induce heart pressure overload. ALK （150 mg.kg-1.d-1, pc）, the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine （10 mg.kg-1 per week, ip） or the PKCβ1 inhibitor LY333531 （1 mg.kg-1.d-1, pc） was administered to the mice for 4 weeks. Heart hypertrophy, fibrosis and function were evaluated based on echocardiography, histological and biochemical measurements. Mechanically stretched-cardiomyocytes of rats were used for in vitro experiments. The levels of signaling proteins were measured using Western blotting, while the expression of the relevant genes was analyzed using real-time QRT-PCR. Results： TAC induced marked heart hypertrophy and fibrosis, accompanied by high levels of Ang II in plasma and heart, and by PKCβ1/a and ERK1/2 phosphorylation in heart. Meanwhile, TAC induced autophagic responses in heart, i.e. increases in autophagic structures, expression of Atg5 and Atg16 L1 mRNAs and LC3-11 and Beclin-1 proteins. These pathological alterations in TAC-mice were significantly ameliorated or blocked by ALK administration. In TAC-mice, 3-methyladenine administration also ameliorated heart hypertrophy, fibrosis and dysfunction, while LY333531 administration inhibited ERK phosphorylation and autophagy in heart. In mechanically stretched-cardiomyocytes, CGP53353 （a PKCβ1 inhibitor） prevented ERK phosphorylation and autophagic responses, while U0126 （an ERK inhibitor） blocked autophagic responses. Conclusion： ALK ameliorates heart hypertrophy, fibrosis and dysfunction in the mouse model in setting of chronic pressure overload, via suppressing Ang II-PKCβ1-ERK1/2-regulated autophagy.