The removal of natural organic matter with LiCl–TiO2-doped PVDF membranes by integration of ultrafiltration with photocatalysis
Ultrafiltration has become one of the best alternatives replacing conventional drinking water treatment technologies because of increasing stringent regulations for drinking water quality. However, membrane fouling is an important factor which restricts its widespread application. In this study, the...
Saved in:
| Published in | Desalination Vol. 344; pp. 412 - 421 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Amsterdam
Elsevier B.V
01.07.2014
Elsevier |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
Cover
Loading…
| Abstract | Ultrafiltration has become one of the best alternatives replacing conventional drinking water treatment technologies because of increasing stringent regulations for drinking water quality. However, membrane fouling is an important factor which restricts its widespread application. In this study, the modified polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes were prepared by adding different amounts of LiCl and TiO2 particles. The performances of PVDF–LiCl membranes and PVDF–LiCl–TiO2 membranes were investigated by discussing the rejection of natural organic matter (NOM) and flux decline in both dead-end and cross-flow filtration experiments. The effect of photocatalytic degradation on TiO2-doped PVDF membranes was also evaluated. Results from both this study and the previous one with the membrane prepared by adding organic addition agent PEG and TiO2 photocatalyst indicated that appropriate TiO2-doped modification on PVDF membrane could be an effective way for better NOM rejection and reduction of membrane fouling at the same time. TiO2-doped PVDF membrane also shows good self-cleaning ability. The fouled membrane can be cleaned with irradiation and the foulants' photocatalytic degradation is most effective in the first 30min.
•Adding TiO2 to PVDF–LiCl improves membrane hydrophilicity, smoothness and rejection.•TiO2-doped PVDF membrane has a good self-cleaning ability.•Optimum irradiation time should be considered to offer the self-cleaning property.•UV irradiation might be a method of membrane cleaning for photocatalytic membranes. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Ultrafiltration has become one of the best alternatives replacing conventional drinking water treatment technologies because of increasing stringent regulations for drinking water quality. However, membrane fouling is an important factor which restricts its widespread application. In this study, the modified polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes were prepared by adding different amounts of LiCl and TiO2 particles. The performances of PVDF-LiCl membranes and PVDF-LiCl-TiO2 membranes were investigated by discussing the rejection of natural organic matter (NOM) and flux decline in both dead-end and cross-flow filtration experiments. The effect of photocatalytic degradation on TiO2-doped PVDF membranes was also evaluated. Results from both this study and the previous one with the membrane prepared by adding organic addition agent PEG and TiO2 photocatalyst indicated that appropriate TiO2-doped modification on PVDF membrane could be an effective way for better NOM rejection and reduction of membrane fouling at the same time. TiO2-doped PVDF membrane also shows good self-cleaning ability. The fouled membrane can be cleaned with irradiation and the foulants' photocatalytic degradation is most effective in the first 30min. Ultrafiltration has become one of the best alternatives replacing conventional drinking water treatment technologies because of increasing stringent regulations for drinking water quality. However, membrane fouling is an important factor which restricts its widespread application. In this study, the modified polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes were prepared by adding different amounts of LiCl and TiO2 particles. The performances of PVDF–LiCl membranes and PVDF–LiCl–TiO2 membranes were investigated by discussing the rejection of natural organic matter (NOM) and flux decline in both dead-end and cross-flow filtration experiments. The effect of photocatalytic degradation on TiO2-doped PVDF membranes was also evaluated. Results from both this study and the previous one with the membrane prepared by adding organic addition agent PEG and TiO2 photocatalyst indicated that appropriate TiO2-doped modification on PVDF membrane could be an effective way for better NOM rejection and reduction of membrane fouling at the same time. TiO2-doped PVDF membrane also shows good self-cleaning ability. The fouled membrane can be cleaned with irradiation and the foulants' photocatalytic degradation is most effective in the first 30min. •Adding TiO2 to PVDF–LiCl improves membrane hydrophilicity, smoothness and rejection.•TiO2-doped PVDF membrane has a good self-cleaning ability.•Optimum irradiation time should be considered to offer the self-cleaning property.•UV irradiation might be a method of membrane cleaning for photocatalytic membranes. |
| Author | Shao, Jiahui Song, Hongchen Zhong, Xiaoqing Wang, Jianming |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Hongchen surname: Song fullname: Song, Hongchen organization: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China – sequence: 2 givenname: Jiahui surname: Shao fullname: Shao, Jiahui email: jhshao@sjtu.edu.cn organization: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China – sequence: 3 givenname: Jianming surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Jianming organization: Guangdong Key Laboratory of Membrane Materials and Membrane Separation, Guangzhou Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 511458, China – sequence: 4 givenname: Xiaoqing surname: Zhong fullname: Zhong, Xiaoqing organization: Guangdong Key Laboratory of Membrane Materials and Membrane Separation, Guangzhou Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 511458, China |
| BackLink | http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=28559286$$DView record in Pascal Francis |
| BookMark | eNqNkc1uEzEUhS1UJNLAE7DxBonNBP_V8SxYoEABKVJZBLaWx3PdOPKMg-20yg6egTfkSfAkZcOiQrryn75z5HvuJboY4wgIvaRkQQmVb3aLHrIJC0aoWJBalD1BM6qWvBFCigs0I4TSpqVSPEOXOe_qlbWcz9DPzRZwgiHemYCjw6MphzQd060ZvcWDKQUSvvdli9d-FX7_-LXxN6zp4x56_OXb-2s8wNAlM0LG3RH7scBtMsXHcbI7hJKM89N6ejr57LexRGuKCcfs83P01JmQ4cXDPkdfrz9sVp-a9c3Hz6t368YKLkvTEWkp48Jx4pQAwa1kjinVOWqYJc5wR6VVlDjeqo4toa_dywqRpaCOdHyOXp999yl-P0AuevDZQgj16_GQdc2GsVaJJf8PlDFJqWhpRV89oCZbE1wNwvqs98kPJh01U1dXLVOycu2ZsynmnMBp68spkxqND5oSPU1S7_RpknqapCa1as9zxP_R_rV_XPX2rIIa6p2HpLP1MFrofQJbdB_9o_o_vrq8hg |
| CODEN | DSLNAH |
| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1016_j_seppur_2020_118184 crossref_primary_10_3390_w13030288 crossref_primary_10_1021_acs_iecr_3c01200 crossref_primary_10_1002_gch2_201700124 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_apcatb_2021_120318 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_memsci_2017_07_035 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_memsci_2022_120663 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jwpe_2022_102652 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jwpe_2024_104953 crossref_primary_10_1039_C8RA03810D crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jmrt_2020_03_014 crossref_primary_10_3390_membranes12080745 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cej_2015_06_124 crossref_primary_10_2139_ssrn_4062552 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_memsci_2017_01_048 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jece_2023_109449 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cej_2017_02_145 crossref_primary_10_1080_19443994_2014_1002280 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cej_2016_02_104 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_matchemphys_2016_08_049 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_progpolymsci_2022_101535 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jeurceramsoc_2021_12_075 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_rser_2017_08_020 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_apcatb_2022_121576 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_apcatb_2022_121972 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jhazmat_2019_01_081 crossref_primary_10_3390_w8040134 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cep_2021_108445 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_memsci_2019_04_078 crossref_primary_10_3390_membranes11110843 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_materresbull_2023_112421 crossref_primary_10_1007_s41779_019_00383_x crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jcis_2020_03_008 crossref_primary_10_1002_pen_24753 crossref_primary_10_1002_app_43427 crossref_primary_10_1039_C7RA08000J crossref_primary_10_1007_s11356_019_06862_9 crossref_primary_10_1002_app_43265 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cep_2023_109503 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_polymertesting_2018_03_006 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jiec_2019_12_021 crossref_primary_10_1039_C6RA15441G crossref_primary_10_1016_j_seppur_2019_115878 crossref_primary_10_2139_ssrn_4097958 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jenvman_2022_117011 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_seppur_2018_07_050 crossref_primary_10_15407_hftp10_02_135 crossref_primary_10_3390_polym10030228 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cej_2016_01_047 crossref_primary_10_3390_catal10050570 crossref_primary_10_2166_wst_2016_314 crossref_primary_10_3390_catal7080224 crossref_primary_10_3390_catal12020180 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_colsurfa_2024_135850 crossref_primary_10_1080_08927014_2016_1229775 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_memsci_2015_08_024 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jcis_2018_01_026 crossref_primary_10_3390_polym12010042 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jenvman_2022_114817 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_seppur_2017_12_003 crossref_primary_10_3390_membranes12090849 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_memsci_2019_02_029 crossref_primary_10_1002_app_55255 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jiec_2021_03_042 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_chemosphere_2024_141214 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_memsci_2019_04_053 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_seppur_2020_117783 crossref_primary_10_1002_app_49908 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_seppur_2021_120291 crossref_primary_10_1021_acs_iecr_9b06389 crossref_primary_10_1155_2020_3541797 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_inoche_2023_111459 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jece_2021_106967 crossref_primary_10_3390_polym11030555 crossref_primary_10_5004_dwt_2021_27428 |
| Cites_doi | 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.01.072 10.1016/S0269-7491(00)00069-5 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2006.12.001 10.1016/S0043-1354(01)00183-X 10.1016/0011-9164(96)00020-3 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.01.036 10.1016/j.seppur.2010.03.021 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2005.11.004 10.1016/j.memsci.2009.02.040 10.1016/j.memsci.2008.04.037 10.1016/j.ssi.2003.12.039 10.1016/j.desal.2010.11.023 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.01.022 10.1016/S0920-5861(99)00227-8 10.1016/0376-7388(92)80183-K 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.01.107 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.07.139 10.1016/j.watres.2010.09.006 10.1016/S0376-7388(98)00329-9 10.1021/es0012366 10.1016/j.memsci.2005.11.049 10.1016/j.memsci.2009.08.003 10.1002/j.1551-8833.1989.tb03309.x 10.1016/S0032-3861(97)00348-0 10.1016/j.memsci.2012.02.063 10.1016/0011-9164(96)00095-1 10.1016/j.seppur.2007.10.019 10.1016/0376-7388(96)00151-2 10.1016/j.apsusc.2006.03.090 10.1016/j.watres.2006.11.020 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.01.116 10.1016/S0043-1354(00)00378-X 10.1016/S0376-7388(00)80932-1 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.01.090 10.1016/j.memsci.2011.04.022 10.1016/j.seppur.2009.10.025 10.1016/j.watres.2006.01.019 10.1016/0011-9164(88)80052-3 10.1016/S0011-9164(99)00028-4 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | 2014 Elsevier B.V. 2015 INIST-CNRS |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: 2014 Elsevier B.V. – notice: 2015 INIST-CNRS |
| DBID | AAYXX CITATION IQODW 7QH 7TN 7TV 7UA C1K F1W H96 L.G 7QQ 7SR 8FD FR3 JG9 KR7 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012 |
| DatabaseName | CrossRef Pascal-Francis Aqualine Oceanic Abstracts Pollution Abstracts Water Resources Abstracts Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy & Non-Living Resources Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional Ceramic Abstracts Engineered Materials Abstracts Technology Research Database Engineering Research Database Materials Research Database Civil Engineering Abstracts |
| DatabaseTitle | CrossRef Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy & Non-Living Resources Oceanic Abstracts ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts Pollution Abstracts Aqualine Water Resources Abstracts Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management Materials Research Database Civil Engineering Abstracts Engineered Materials Abstracts Ceramic Abstracts Engineering Research Database Technology Research Database |
| DatabaseTitleList | Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional Materials Research Database |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Engineering Applied Sciences Chemistry |
| EISSN | 1873-4464 |
| EndPage | 421 |
| ExternalDocumentID | 28559286 10_1016_j_desal_2014_04_012 S001191641400215X |
| GroupedDBID | --K --M -~X .~1 0R~ 1B1 1~. 1~5 4.4 457 4G. 53G 5GY 5VS 7-5 71M 8P~ 9JM 9JN AABNK AACTN AAEDT AAEDW AAIAV AAIKJ AAKOC AALRI AAOAW AAQFI AAXUO ABFNM ABFYP ABLST ABMAC ABNUV ABXDB ABYKQ ACDAQ ACGFS ACRLP ADBBV ADEWK ADEZE ADTZH AEBSH AECPX AEKER AENEX AFKWA AFTJW AFXIZ AGHFR AGUBO AGYEJ AHEUO AHHHB AHJVU AHPOS AIEXJ AIKHN AITUG AJBFU AJOXV AKIFW AKURH ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AMFUW AMRAJ AXJTR BJAXD BKOJK BLECG BLXMC CS3 DU5 EBS EFJIC EFLBG EJD ENUVR EO8 EO9 EP2 EP3 FDB FIRID FNPLU FYGXN G-Q GBLVA IHE J1W JJJVA KCYFY KOM LX7 M41 MO0 N9A O-L O9- OAUVE OZT P-8 P-9 P2P PC. Q38 RIG ROL RPZ SDF SDG SDP SES SPC SPCBC SSG SSJ SST SSZ T5K ~02 ~G- 29F 6TJ AAQXK AATTM AAXKI AAYWO AAYXX ABEFU ABJNI ABWVN ACNNM ACRPL ACVFH ADCNI ADMUD ADNMO AEIPS AEUPX AFJKZ AFPUW AGCQF AGQPQ AGRNS AIGII AIIUN AKBMS AKRWK AKYEP ANKPU APXCP ASPBG AVWKF AZFZN BBWZM BNPGV CITATION FEDTE FGOYB HLY HVGLF HZ~ NDZJH R2- SCE SEW SSH WUQ ZY4 ~KM ABTAH IQODW 7QH 7TN 7TV 7UA C1K EFKBS F1W H96 L.G 7QQ 7SR 8FD FR3 JG9 KR7 |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c436t-b06c1234f30f84e43c62f288bf1a2c0fa3f16c810f398b27ed8736c620741f0b3 |
| IEDL.DBID | .~1 |
| ISSN | 0011-9164 |
| IngestDate | Tue Aug 05 09:50:16 EDT 2025 Sun Aug 24 03:57:03 EDT 2025 Wed Apr 02 07:25:07 EDT 2025 Thu Apr 24 23:07:14 EDT 2025 Tue Jul 01 04:13:36 EDT 2025 Fri Feb 23 02:28:25 EST 2024 |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Keywords | Rejection Flux decline Ultrafiltration TiO2-doped PVDF membrane Photocatalysis Drinking water treatment Drinking water Organic matter doped PVDF membrane Fouling Crossflow filtration Membrane separation Selfpurification Water quality Regulation TiO Titanium oxide Catalyst Photochemical degradation |
| Language | English |
| License | CC BY 4.0 |
| LinkModel | DirectLink |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c436t-b06c1234f30f84e43c62f288bf1a2c0fa3f16c810f398b27ed8736c620741f0b3 |
| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
| PQID | 1622611491 |
| PQPubID | 23462 |
| PageCount | 10 |
| ParticipantIDs | proquest_miscellaneous_1642298473 proquest_miscellaneous_1622611491 pascalfrancis_primary_28559286 crossref_citationtrail_10_1016_j_desal_2014_04_012 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_desal_2014_04_012 elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_j_desal_2014_04_012 |
| ProviderPackageCode | CITATION AAYXX |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 2014-07-01 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2014-07-01 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 07 year: 2014 text: 2014-07-01 day: 01 |
| PublicationDecade | 2010 |
| PublicationPlace | Amsterdam |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: Amsterdam |
| PublicationTitle | Desalination |
| PublicationYear | 2014 |
| Publisher | Elsevier B.V Elsevier |
| Publisher_xml | – name: Elsevier B.V – name: Elsevier |
| References | Zhang, Yang, Wang, Chen (bb0080) 2008; 61 Damodar, You (bb0115) 2010; 71 Nunes, Peinemann (bb0085) 1992; 73 Augugliaro, Litter, Palmisano, Soria (bb0135) 2006; 7 Fan, Harris, Roddick, Booker (bb0010) 2001; 35 Pekakis, Xekoukoulotakis, Mantzavinos (bb0030) 2006; 40 Maiti, Nandi (bb0090) 1998; 39 Dal-Cin, McLellan, Striez, Tam, Tweddle, Kumar (bb0170) 1996; 120 Luo, Tang, Zhao, Pu (bb0075) 2006; 172 Molinari, Mungari, Drioli, Di Paola, Loddo, Palmisano, Schiavello (bb0145) 2000; 55 Wei, Wang, Li, Fane (bb0015) 2006; 273 Yu, Fang, Lateef, Wu, Lin (bb0055) 2010; 177 Rojas, Moreno, Garralón, Plaza, Pérez, Gómez (bb0035) 2008; 158 Chiang, Reddy, Chu (bb0175) 2004; 175 Rojas, Moreno, Garralón, Plaza, Pérez, Gómez (bb0045) 2010; 178 Xi, Geissen (bb0120) 2001; 35 Mozia (bb0130) 2010; 73 Tang, Wang, Wu, Zhou (bb0020) 2010; 178 Yuliwati, Ismail (bb0105) 2011; 273 Oh, Kim, Lee (bb0185) 2009; 345 Yuan, Zydney (bb0050) 1999; 157 Loukidou, Zouboulis (bb0070) 2001; 111 Nyström, Ruohomäki, Kaipia (bb0040) 1996; 106 Shao, Hou, Song (bb0195) 2011; 45 Damodar, You, Chou (bb0160) 2009; 172 Yu, Mielczarski, Mielczarski, Laub, Buffat, Klehm, Albers, Lee, Kulik, Kiwi-Minsker, Renken, Kiwi (bb0150) 2007; 41 Essawy, Ali, Abdel-Mottaleb (bb0110) 2008; 157 van de Ven, Pünt, Zwijnenburg, Kemperman, vander Meer, Wessling (bb0065) 2008; 320 Anderson, Gieselmann, Xu (bb0140) 1988; 39 You, Damodar, Hou (bb0125) 2010; 177 Song, Shao, He, Hou, Chao (bb0190) 2011; 376 Tomaszewska (bb0100) 1996; 104 Ma, Quan, Zhang, Chen, Zhao (bb0155) 2009; 335 Yuan, Zydney (bb0025) 1999; 122 Jacangelo, Aieta, Carns, Cummings, Mallevialle (bb0005) 1989; 81 Cao, Ma, Shi, Ren (bb0180) 2006; 253 Yuan, Zydney (bb0060) 2000; 34 Song, Shao, He, Liu, Zhong (bb0165) 2012; 405–406 Bottino, Capannelli, Munari, Turturro (bb0095) 1988; 68 Yuan (10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0050) 1999; 157 Wei (10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0015) 2006; 273 Pekakis (10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0030) 2006; 40 Essawy (10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0110) 2008; 157 Molinari (10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0145) 2000; 55 Augugliaro (10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0135) 2006; 7 Xi (10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0120) 2001; 35 Yuan (10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0025) 1999; 122 Loukidou (10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0070) 2001; 111 Mozia (10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0130) 2010; 73 Jacangelo (10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0005) 1989; 81 Yuan (10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0060) 2000; 34 Maiti (10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0090) 1998; 39 Tomaszewska (10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0100) 1996; 104 Tang (10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0020) 2010; 178 Nyström (10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0040) 1996; 106 Fan (10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0010) 2001; 35 Damodar (10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0115) 2010; 71 Bottino (10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0095) 1988; 68 Ma (10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0155) 2009; 335 Yu (10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0055) 2010; 177 Song (10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0165) 2012; 405–406 Damodar (10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0160) 2009; 172 Dal-Cin (10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0170) 1996; 120 Song (10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0190) 2011; 376 Chiang (10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0175) 2004; 175 Oh (10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0185) 2009; 345 Rojas (10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0035) 2008; 158 Zhang (10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0080) 2008; 61 Yuliwati (10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0105) 2011; 273 Luo (10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0075) 2006; 172 You (10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0125) 2010; 177 Anderson (10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0140) 1988; 39 Cao (10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0180) 2006; 253 Rojas (10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0045) 2010; 178 Shao (10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0195) 2011; 45 Nunes (10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0085) 1992; 73 van de Ven (10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0065) 2008; 320 Yu (10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0150) 2007; 41 |
| References_xml | – volume: 35 start-page: 4455 year: 2001 end-page: 4463 ident: bb0010 article-title: Influence of the characteristics of natural organic matter on the fouling of microfiltration membranes publication-title: Water Res. – volume: 157 start-page: 547 year: 2008 end-page: 552 ident: bb0110 article-title: Application of novel copolymer–TiO publication-title: J. Hazard. Mater. – volume: 320 start-page: 319 year: 2008 end-page: 324 ident: bb0065 article-title: Hollowing fiber ultrafiltration: the concept of partial backwashing publication-title: J. Membr. Sci. – volume: 35 start-page: 1256 year: 2001 end-page: 1262 ident: bb0120 article-title: Separation of titanium dioxide from photocatalytically treated water by cross-flow microfiltration publication-title: Water Res. – volume: 7 start-page: 127 year: 2006 end-page: 144 ident: bb0135 article-title: The combination of heterogeneous photocatalysis with chemical and physical operations: a tool for improving the photoprocess performance publication-title: J. Photochem. Photobiol., C – volume: 178 start-page: 535 year: 2010 end-page: 540 ident: bb0045 article-title: Influence of velocity gradient in a hydraulic flocculator on NOM removal by aerated spiral-wound ultrafiltration membranes (ASWUF) publication-title: J. Hazard. Mater. – volume: 106 start-page: 79 year: 1996 end-page: 87 ident: bb0040 article-title: Humic acid as a fouling agent in filtration publication-title: Desalination – volume: 81 start-page: 68 year: 1989 end-page: 75 ident: bb0005 article-title: Assessing hollow-fiber ultrafiltration for particulate removal publication-title: J. Am. Water Works Assoc. – volume: 34 start-page: 5043 year: 2000 end-page: 5050 ident: bb0060 article-title: Humic acid fouling during ultrafiltration publication-title: Environ. Sci. Technol. – volume: 273 start-page: 47 year: 2006 end-page: 57 ident: bb0015 article-title: Development of a novel electrophoresis–UV grafting technique to modify PES UF membranes used for NOM removal publication-title: J. Membr. Sci. – volume: 39 start-page: 243 year: 1988 end-page: 258 ident: bb0140 article-title: Titania and alumina ceramic membranes publication-title: J. Membr. Sci. – volume: 178 start-page: 377 year: 2010 end-page: 384 ident: bb0020 article-title: Role of dissolved organic matters (DOM) in membrane fouling of membrane bioreactors for municipal wastewater treatment publication-title: J. Hazard. Mater. – volume: 111 start-page: 273 year: 2001 end-page: 281 ident: bb0070 article-title: Comparison of two biological treatment processes using attached growth biomass of sanitary landfill leachate treatment publication-title: Environ. Pollut. – volume: 273 start-page: 226 year: 2011 end-page: 234 ident: bb0105 article-title: Effect of additives concentration on the surface properties and performance of PVDF ultrafiltration membranes for refinery produced wastewater treatment publication-title: Desalination – volume: 405–406 start-page: 48 year: 2012 end-page: 56 ident: bb0165 article-title: Natural organic matter removal and flux decline with PEG–TiO publication-title: J. Membr. Sci. – volume: 104 start-page: 1 year: 1996 end-page: 11 ident: bb0100 article-title: Preparation and properties of flat-sheet membranes from poly(vinylidene fluoride) for membrane distillation publication-title: Desalination – volume: 41 start-page: 862 year: 2007 end-page: 874 ident: bb0150 article-title: Preparation, stabilization and characterization of TiO publication-title: Water Res. – volume: 71 start-page: 44 year: 2010 end-page: 49 ident: bb0115 article-title: Performance of an integrated membrane photocatalytic reactor for the removal of Reactive Black 5 publication-title: Sep. Purif. Technol. – volume: 177 start-page: 1112 year: 2010 end-page: 1118 ident: bb0125 article-title: Degradation of Reactive Black 5 dye using anaerobic/aerobic membrane bioreactor (MBR) and photochemical membrane reactor publication-title: J. Hazard. Mater. – volume: 335 start-page: 58 year: 2009 end-page: 67 ident: bb0155 article-title: Integration of separation and photocatalysis using an inorganic membrane modified with Si-doped TiO publication-title: J. Membr. Sci. – volume: 61 start-page: 276 year: 2008 end-page: 286 ident: bb0080 article-title: Preparation and characterization of hydrophilic modification of polypropylene non-woven fabric by dip-coating PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) publication-title: Sep. Purif. Technol. – volume: 73 start-page: 71 year: 2010 end-page: 91 ident: bb0130 article-title: Photocatalytic membrane reactors (PMRs) in water and wastewater treatment. A review publication-title: Sep. Purif. Technol. – volume: 68 start-page: 167 year: 1988 end-page: 177 ident: bb0095 article-title: High performance ultrafiltration membranes cast from LiCl doped solutions publication-title: Desalination – volume: 175 start-page: 631 year: 2004 end-page: 635 ident: bb0175 article-title: Nano-tube TiO publication-title: Solid State Ionics – volume: 376 start-page: 179 year: 2011 end-page: 187 ident: bb0190 article-title: Natural organic matter removal and flux decline with charged ultrafiltration and nanofiltration membranes publication-title: J. Membr. Sci. – volume: 55 start-page: 71 year: 2000 end-page: 78 ident: bb0145 article-title: Study on a photocatalytic membrane reactor for water purification publication-title: Catal. Today – volume: 253 start-page: 2003 year: 2006 end-page: 2010 ident: bb0180 article-title: Effect of TiO publication-title: Appl. Surf. Sci. – volume: 122 start-page: 63 year: 1999 end-page: 76 ident: bb0025 article-title: Effects of solution environment on humic acid fouling during microfiltration publication-title: Desalination – volume: 172 start-page: 431 year: 2006 end-page: 436 ident: bb0075 article-title: Hydrophilic modification of poly(ether sulfone) used TiO publication-title: J. Mater. Process. Technol. – volume: 158 start-page: 593 year: 2008 end-page: 598 ident: bb0035 article-title: Potabilization of low NOM reservoir water by ultrafiltration spiral wound membranes publication-title: J. Hazard. Mater. – volume: 40 start-page: 1276 year: 2006 end-page: 1286 ident: bb0030 article-title: Treatment of textile dyehouse wastewater by TiO publication-title: Water Res. – volume: 177 start-page: 1153 year: 2010 end-page: 1158 ident: bb0055 article-title: Enzymatic treatment for controlling irreversible membrane fouling in cross-flow humic acid-fed ultrafiltration publication-title: J. Hazard. Mater. – volume: 157 start-page: 1 year: 1999 end-page: 12 ident: bb0050 article-title: Humic acid fouling during microfiltration publication-title: J. Membr. Sci. – volume: 345 start-page: 13 year: 2009 end-page: 20 ident: bb0185 article-title: Preparation and characterization of PVDF/TiO publication-title: J. Membr. Sci. – volume: 45 start-page: 473 year: 2011 end-page: 482 ident: bb0195 article-title: Comparison of humic acid rejection and flux decline during filtration with negatively charged and uncharged ultrafiltration membranes publication-title: Water Res. – volume: 172 start-page: 1321 year: 2009 end-page: 1328 ident: bb0160 article-title: Study the self cleaning, antibacterial and photocatalytic properties of TiO publication-title: J. Hazard. Mater. – volume: 39 start-page: 413 year: 1998 end-page: 421 ident: bb0090 article-title: Influence of chain structure on the crystallization mechanism of poly(vinylidene fluoride)/poly(methyl acrylate) blends: evidence of chain extension due to blending publication-title: Polymer – volume: 120 start-page: 273 year: 1996 end-page: 285 ident: bb0170 article-title: Membrane performance with a pulp mill effluent: relative contributions of fouling mechanisms publication-title: J. Membr. Sci. – volume: 73 start-page: 25 year: 1992 end-page: 35 ident: bb0085 article-title: Ultrafiltration membranes from PVDF/PMMA blends publication-title: J. Membr. Sci. – volume: 157 start-page: 547 year: 2008 ident: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0110 article-title: Application of novel copolymer–TiO2 membranes for some textile dyes adsorptive removal from aqueous solution and photocatalytic decolorization publication-title: J. Hazard. Mater. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.01.072 – volume: 111 start-page: 273 year: 2001 ident: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0070 article-title: Comparison of two biological treatment processes using attached growth biomass of sanitary landfill leachate treatment publication-title: Environ. Pollut. doi: 10.1016/S0269-7491(00)00069-5 – volume: 7 start-page: 127 year: 2006 ident: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0135 article-title: The combination of heterogeneous photocatalysis with chemical and physical operations: a tool for improving the photoprocess performance publication-title: J. Photochem. Photobiol., C doi: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2006.12.001 – volume: 35 start-page: 4455 year: 2001 ident: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0010 article-title: Influence of the characteristics of natural organic matter on the fouling of microfiltration membranes publication-title: Water Res. doi: 10.1016/S0043-1354(01)00183-X – volume: 104 start-page: 1 year: 1996 ident: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0100 article-title: Preparation and properties of flat-sheet membranes from poly(vinylidene fluoride) for membrane distillation publication-title: Desalination doi: 10.1016/0011-9164(96)00020-3 – volume: 177 start-page: 1112 year: 2010 ident: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0125 article-title: Degradation of Reactive Black 5 dye using anaerobic/aerobic membrane bioreactor (MBR) and photochemical membrane reactor publication-title: J. Hazard. Mater. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.01.036 – volume: 73 start-page: 71 year: 2010 ident: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0130 article-title: Photocatalytic membrane reactors (PMRs) in water and wastewater treatment. A review publication-title: Sep. Purif. Technol. doi: 10.1016/j.seppur.2010.03.021 – volume: 172 start-page: 431 year: 2006 ident: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0075 article-title: Hydrophilic modification of poly(ether sulfone) used TiO2 nanoparticles by a sol-gel process publication-title: J. Mater. Process. Technol. doi: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2005.11.004 – volume: 335 start-page: 58 year: 2009 ident: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0155 article-title: Integration of separation and photocatalysis using an inorganic membrane modified with Si-doped TiO2 for water purification publication-title: J. Membr. Sci. doi: 10.1016/j.memsci.2009.02.040 – volume: 320 start-page: 319 year: 2008 ident: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0065 article-title: Hollowing fiber ultrafiltration: the concept of partial backwashing publication-title: J. Membr. Sci. doi: 10.1016/j.memsci.2008.04.037 – volume: 175 start-page: 631 year: 2004 ident: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0175 article-title: Nano-tube TiO2 composite PVdF/LiPF6 solid membranes publication-title: Solid State Ionics doi: 10.1016/j.ssi.2003.12.039 – volume: 273 start-page: 226 year: 2011 ident: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0105 article-title: Effect of additives concentration on the surface properties and performance of PVDF ultrafiltration membranes for refinery produced wastewater treatment publication-title: Desalination doi: 10.1016/j.desal.2010.11.023 – volume: 177 start-page: 1153 year: 2010 ident: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0055 article-title: Enzymatic treatment for controlling irreversible membrane fouling in cross-flow humic acid-fed ultrafiltration publication-title: J. Hazard. Mater. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.01.022 – volume: 55 start-page: 71 year: 2000 ident: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0145 article-title: Study on a photocatalytic membrane reactor for water purification publication-title: Catal. Today doi: 10.1016/S0920-5861(99)00227-8 – volume: 73 start-page: 25 year: 1992 ident: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0085 article-title: Ultrafiltration membranes from PVDF/PMMA blends publication-title: J. Membr. Sci. doi: 10.1016/0376-7388(92)80183-K – volume: 158 start-page: 593 year: 2008 ident: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0035 article-title: Potabilization of low NOM reservoir water by ultrafiltration spiral wound membranes publication-title: J. Hazard. Mater. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.01.107 – volume: 172 start-page: 1321 year: 2009 ident: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0160 article-title: Study the self cleaning, antibacterial and photocatalytic properties of TiO2 entrapped PVDF membranes publication-title: J. Hazard. Mater. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.07.139 – volume: 45 start-page: 473 year: 2011 ident: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0195 article-title: Comparison of humic acid rejection and flux decline during filtration with negatively charged and uncharged ultrafiltration membranes publication-title: Water Res. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2010.09.006 – volume: 157 start-page: 1 year: 1999 ident: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0050 article-title: Humic acid fouling during microfiltration publication-title: J. Membr. Sci. doi: 10.1016/S0376-7388(98)00329-9 – volume: 34 start-page: 5043 year: 2000 ident: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0060 article-title: Humic acid fouling during ultrafiltration publication-title: Environ. Sci. Technol. doi: 10.1021/es0012366 – volume: 273 start-page: 47 year: 2006 ident: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0015 article-title: Development of a novel electrophoresis–UV grafting technique to modify PES UF membranes used for NOM removal publication-title: J. Membr. Sci. doi: 10.1016/j.memsci.2005.11.049 – volume: 345 start-page: 13 year: 2009 ident: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0185 article-title: Preparation and characterization of PVDF/TiO2 organic–inorganic composite membranes for fouling resistance improvement publication-title: J. Membr. Sci. doi: 10.1016/j.memsci.2009.08.003 – volume: 81 start-page: 68 year: 1989 ident: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0005 article-title: Assessing hollow-fiber ultrafiltration for particulate removal publication-title: J. Am. Water Works Assoc. doi: 10.1002/j.1551-8833.1989.tb03309.x – volume: 39 start-page: 413 year: 1998 ident: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0090 article-title: Influence of chain structure on the crystallization mechanism of poly(vinylidene fluoride)/poly(methyl acrylate) blends: evidence of chain extension due to blending publication-title: Polymer doi: 10.1016/S0032-3861(97)00348-0 – volume: 405–406 start-page: 48 year: 2012 ident: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0165 article-title: Natural organic matter removal and flux decline with PEG–TiO2-doped PVDF membranes by integration of ultrafiltration with photocatalysis publication-title: J. Membr. Sci. doi: 10.1016/j.memsci.2012.02.063 – volume: 106 start-page: 79 year: 1996 ident: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0040 article-title: Humic acid as a fouling agent in filtration publication-title: Desalination doi: 10.1016/0011-9164(96)00095-1 – volume: 61 start-page: 276 year: 2008 ident: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0080 article-title: Preparation and characterization of hydrophilic modification of polypropylene non-woven fabric by dip-coating PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) publication-title: Sep. Purif. Technol. doi: 10.1016/j.seppur.2007.10.019 – volume: 120 start-page: 273 year: 1996 ident: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0170 article-title: Membrane performance with a pulp mill effluent: relative contributions of fouling mechanisms publication-title: J. Membr. Sci. doi: 10.1016/0376-7388(96)00151-2 – volume: 253 start-page: 2003 year: 2006 ident: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0180 article-title: Effect of TiO2 nanoparticle size on the performance of PVDF membrane publication-title: Appl. Surf. Sci. doi: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2006.03.090 – volume: 41 start-page: 862 year: 2007 ident: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0150 article-title: Preparation, stabilization and characterization of TiO2 on thin polyethylene films (LDPE). Photocatalytic applications publication-title: Water Res. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2006.11.020 – volume: 178 start-page: 535 year: 2010 ident: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0045 article-title: Influence of velocity gradient in a hydraulic flocculator on NOM removal by aerated spiral-wound ultrafiltration membranes (ASWUF) publication-title: J. Hazard. Mater. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.01.116 – volume: 35 start-page: 1256 year: 2001 ident: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0120 article-title: Separation of titanium dioxide from photocatalytically treated water by cross-flow microfiltration publication-title: Water Res. doi: 10.1016/S0043-1354(00)00378-X – volume: 39 start-page: 243 year: 1988 ident: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0140 article-title: Titania and alumina ceramic membranes publication-title: J. Membr. Sci. doi: 10.1016/S0376-7388(00)80932-1 – volume: 178 start-page: 377 year: 2010 ident: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0020 article-title: Role of dissolved organic matters (DOM) in membrane fouling of membrane bioreactors for municipal wastewater treatment publication-title: J. Hazard. Mater. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.01.090 – volume: 376 start-page: 179 year: 2011 ident: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0190 article-title: Natural organic matter removal and flux decline with charged ultrafiltration and nanofiltration membranes publication-title: J. Membr. Sci. doi: 10.1016/j.memsci.2011.04.022 – volume: 71 start-page: 44 year: 2010 ident: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0115 article-title: Performance of an integrated membrane photocatalytic reactor for the removal of Reactive Black 5 publication-title: Sep. Purif. Technol. doi: 10.1016/j.seppur.2009.10.025 – volume: 40 start-page: 1276 year: 2006 ident: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0030 article-title: Treatment of textile dyehouse wastewater by TiO2 photocatalysis publication-title: Water Res. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2006.01.019 – volume: 68 start-page: 167 year: 1988 ident: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0095 article-title: High performance ultrafiltration membranes cast from LiCl doped solutions publication-title: Desalination doi: 10.1016/0011-9164(88)80052-3 – volume: 122 start-page: 63 year: 1999 ident: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012_bb0025 article-title: Effects of solution environment on humic acid fouling during microfiltration publication-title: Desalination doi: 10.1016/S0011-9164(99)00028-4 |
| SSID | ssj0012933 |
| Score | 2.4004645 |
| Snippet | Ultrafiltration has become one of the best alternatives replacing conventional drinking water treatment technologies because of increasing stringent... |
| SourceID | proquest pascalfrancis crossref elsevier |
| SourceType | Aggregation Database Index Database Enrichment Source Publisher |
| StartPage | 412 |
| SubjectTerms | Applied sciences Catalysis Catalytic reactions Chemical engineering Chemistry Degradation Drinking water Drinking water and swimming-pool water. Desalination Exact sciences and technology Flux decline Fouling General and physical chemistry Membrane separation (reverse osmosis, dialysis...) Membranes Photocatalysis Pollution Polyvinylidene fluorides Reactors Rejection Theory of reactions, general kinetics. Catalysis. Nomenclature, chemical documentation, computer chemistry TiO2-doped PVDF membrane Titanium dioxide Ultrafiltration Water treatment and pollution |
| Title | The removal of natural organic matter with LiCl–TiO2-doped PVDF membranes by integration of ultrafiltration with photocatalysis |
| URI | https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2014.04.012 https://www.proquest.com/docview/1622611491 https://www.proquest.com/docview/1642298473 |
| Volume | 344 |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV3LjtMwFLVGwwaEEE9RHpWRWBImfuA6y1GhKg8NLGZQd5bt2CKjtonadMEGwTfwh3wJ9zpJxQjRBVIWSWQnls_1fdjXx4Q8LwFlJzwEOTn3mVSMZUUMFka8z13ulbAhZfmeqfmFfLd4tTgi02EvDKZV9rq_0-lJW_dvTvrePGmqCvf4IjmZkhAioOFa4A52OUEpf_ltn-aB5qxbZcZWQOmBeSjleJVha3H9gcnEd8r4v6zTzcZuoc9id9jFX3o7GaPZbXKr9yLpadfQO-QorO-SG39wC94jP0AA6CasahAlWkeaGDzxNm2-9HSViDUpzsPSD9V0-ev7z_PqI8_Kugkl_fT59YyuwgpiadCF1H2lA68E4Iif2y3bjY3Vsmfd7b7TfKnbOk0IIc_JfXIxe3M-nWf9eQuZl0K1mcuVB0Mmo8ijlkEKr3jkWrvILPd5tCIy5TXLoyi045NQ6olQUAjdkpg78YAcr-t1eEiotdEBJkJarWTBtAuiZDKUUNOLQk1GhA_9bHxPRo5nYizNkHV2aRI4BsExOVyMj8iLfaWm4-I4XFwNAJorImXAWhyuOL4C9_5nXEP8xbUakWcD_gZGIy6xABj1bmuYAncWQsyCHSojOS_AKxCP_reFj8l1fOrShp-Q43azC0_BOWrdOEn_mFw7fft-fvYb0XQQ0g |
| linkProvider | Elsevier |
| linkToHtml | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV1Nb9MwGLZGdwCEEJ9aYQwjcSRa_DHXOU4dVcdK4dCh3izbsUWmtona9MANfgP_kF_CayepmBA9IOUQJXZi-bHfD_v18yL0NgeUDbPg5KTUJlwQkmTeaZjxNjWpFUy7GOU7FeNr_mF-Nj9Aw-4sTAirbGV_I9OjtG6fnLa9eVoVRTjjG8jJBAcXISiu-R10GNipznro8PzyajzdbSbQNqN8WA0MFTryoRjmlbuNDlsQhEfKU0L_paAeVHoD3eabfBd_ie6oj0aP0MPWkMTnTVsfowO3eoLu_0Ev-BT9gDGA125ZwmjCpceRxDPcxvOXFi8jtyYOS7F4UgwXv77_nBWfaJKXlcvx5y8XI7x0S3CnQRxi8w131BIAZfjcdlGvtS8WLfFu853qa1mXcU0oUJ08Q9ej97PhOGlTLiSWM1EnJhUWdBn3LPWSO86soJ5KaTzR1KZeM0-ElST1LJOGDlwuB0xAoWCZ-NSw56i3KlfuCGGtvQFYGNdS8IxI41hOuMuhpmWZGPQR7fpZ2ZaPPKTFWKgu8OxGRXBUAEelcBHaR-92laqGjmN_cdEBqG6NKgUKY3_Fk1tw735GJbhgVIo-etPhr2BChl0WAKPcbhQRYNGCl5mRfWU4pRkYBuzF_7bwNbo7nn2cqMnl9OoluhfeNFHEx6hXr7fuFdhKtTlp58JvF-wTgw |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+removal+of+natural+organic+matter+with+LiCl-TiO2-doped+PVDF+membranes+by+integration+of+ultrafiltration+with+photocatalysis&rft.jtitle=Desalination&rft.au=Song%2C+Hongchen&rft.au=Shao%2C+Jiahui&rft.au=Wang%2C+Jianming&rft.au=Zhong%2C+Xiaoqing&rft.date=2014-07-01&rft.issn=0011-9164&rft.volume=344&rft.spage=412&rft.epage=421&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.desal.2014.04.012&rft.externalDBID=NO_FULL_TEXT |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0011-9164&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0011-9164&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0011-9164&client=summon |