Utility of Spatial Point-Pattern Analysis Using Residential and Workplace Geospatial Information to Localize Potential Outbreak Sources
Abstract Identifying the source of an outbreak facilitates its control. Spatial methods are not optimally used in outbreak investigation, due to a mix of the complexities involved (e.g., methods requiring additional parameter selection), imperfect performance, and lack of confidence in existing opti...
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Published in | American journal of epidemiology Vol. 188; no. 5; pp. 940 - 949 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
United States
Oxford University Press
01.05.2019
Oxford Publishing Limited (England) |
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Abstract | Abstract
Identifying the source of an outbreak facilitates its control. Spatial methods are not optimally used in outbreak investigation, due to a mix of the complexities involved (e.g., methods requiring additional parameter selection), imperfect performance, and lack of confidence in existing options. We simulated 30 mock outbreaks and compared 5 simple methods that do not require parameter selection but could select between mock cases’ residential and workplace addresses to localize the source. Each category of site had a unique spatial distribution; residential and workplace address were visually and statistically clustered around the residential neighborhood and city center sites respectively, suggesting that the value of workplace addresses is tied to the location where an outbreak might originate. A modification to centrographic statistics that we propose—the center of minimum geometric distance with address selection—was able to localize the mock outbreak source to within a 500 m radius in almost all instances when using workplace in combination with residential addresses. In the sensitivity analysis, when given sufficient workplace data, the method performed well in various scenarios with only 10 cases. It was also successful when applied to past outbreaks, except for a multisite outbreak from a common food supplier. |
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AbstractList | Identifying the source of an outbreak facilitates its control. Spatial methods are not optimally used in outbreak investigation, due to a mix of the complexities involved (e.g., methods requiring additional parameter selection), imperfect performance, and lack of confidence in existing options. We simulated 30 mock outbreaks and compared 5 simple methods that do not require parameter selection but could select between mock cases’ residential and workplace addresses to localize the source. Each category of site had a unique spatial distribution; residential and workplace address were visually and statistically clustered around the residential neighborhood and city center sites respectively, suggesting that the value of workplace addresses is tied to the location where an outbreak might originate. A modification to centrographic statistics that we propose—the center of minimum geometric distance with address selection—was able to localize the mock outbreak source to within a 500 m radius in almost all instances when using workplace in combination with residential addresses. In the sensitivity analysis, when given sufficient workplace data, the method performed well in various scenarios with only 10 cases. It was also successful when applied to past outbreaks, except for a multisite outbreak from a common food supplier. Abstract Identifying the source of an outbreak facilitates its control. Spatial methods are not optimally used in outbreak investigation, due to a mix of the complexities involved (e.g., methods requiring additional parameter selection), imperfect performance, and lack of confidence in existing options. We simulated 30 mock outbreaks and compared 5 simple methods that do not require parameter selection but could select between mock cases’ residential and workplace addresses to localize the source. Each category of site had a unique spatial distribution; residential and workplace address were visually and statistically clustered around the residential neighborhood and city center sites respectively, suggesting that the value of workplace addresses is tied to the location where an outbreak might originate. A modification to centrographic statistics that we propose—the center of minimum geometric distance with address selection—was able to localize the mock outbreak source to within a 500 m radius in almost all instances when using workplace in combination with residential addresses. In the sensitivity analysis, when given sufficient workplace data, the method performed well in various scenarios with only 10 cases. It was also successful when applied to past outbreaks, except for a multisite outbreak from a common food supplier. |
Author | Lim, Hoon Chin Steven Lim, Er Luen Chen, Mark I-Cheng Chua, Jonathan L Ooi, Chee Kheong Ng, Lee Ching Seow, Eillyne Ong, Marcus E H Lee, Vernon J Tyebally, Arif |
AuthorAffiliation | 2 Environmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, Singapore, Republic of Singapore 8 Department of Emergency Medicine, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Republic of Singapore 9 Department of Emergency Medicine, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Republic of Singapore 10 National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore, Republic of Singapore 5 Department of Emergency Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Republic of Singapore 4 Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Republic of Singapore 3 Department of Emergency Medicine, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Republic of Singapore 1 Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore 6 Department of Accident and Emergency, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Republic of Singapore 7 Department of Emergency Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Republic of Singapore |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 10 National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore, Republic of Singapore – name: 6 Department of Accident and Emergency, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Republic of Singapore – name: 7 Department of Emergency Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Republic of Singapore – name: 9 Department of Emergency Medicine, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Republic of Singapore – name: 1 Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore – name: 5 Department of Emergency Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Republic of Singapore – name: 4 Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Republic of Singapore – name: 2 Environmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, Singapore, Republic of Singapore – name: 8 Department of Emergency Medicine, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Republic of Singapore – name: 3 Department of Emergency Medicine, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Republic of Singapore |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Jonathan L surname: Chua fullname: Chua, Jonathan L organization: Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore – sequence: 2 givenname: Lee Ching surname: Ng fullname: Ng, Lee Ching organization: Environmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, Singapore, Republic of Singapore – sequence: 3 givenname: Vernon J surname: Lee fullname: Lee, Vernon J organization: Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore – sequence: 4 givenname: Marcus E H surname: Ong fullname: Ong, Marcus E H organization: Department of Emergency Medicine, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Republic of Singapore – sequence: 5 givenname: Er Luen surname: Lim fullname: Lim, Er Luen organization: Department of Emergency Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Republic of Singapore – sequence: 6 givenname: Hoon Chin Steven surname: Lim fullname: Lim, Hoon Chin Steven organization: Department of Accident and Emergency, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Republic of Singapore – sequence: 7 givenname: Chee Kheong surname: Ooi fullname: Ooi, Chee Kheong organization: Department of Emergency Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Republic of Singapore – sequence: 8 givenname: Arif surname: Tyebally fullname: Tyebally, Arif organization: Department of Emergency Medicine, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Republic of Singapore – sequence: 9 givenname: Eillyne surname: Seow fullname: Seow, Eillyne organization: Department of Emergency Medicine, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Republic of Singapore – sequence: 10 givenname: Mark I-Cheng surname: Chen fullname: Chen, Mark I-Cheng email: mark_ic_chen@ncid.sg organization: Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore |
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Cites_doi | 10.4162/nrp.2014.8.6.670 10.4081/gh.2013.79 10.1080/00045608.2012.671130 10.1097/INF.0000000000001242 10.1186/1471-2458-10-716 10.1080/03610929708831995 10.1186/s13104-016-1856-2 10.1016/j.appet.2006.02.014 10.1016/S1473-3099(17)30249-9 10.1186/1476-072X-9-1 10.1016/j.physa.2009.07.034 10.1093/oxfordjournals.epirev.a017993 10.1186/1476-072X-5-15 10.1186/1476-072X-7-57 10.4278/0890-1171-17.1.7 10.1111/j.1600-0587.2011.07292.x 10.1007/s10651-005-1515-6 10.1016/j.jcv.2018.06.004 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2015.20.39.30026 10.4269/ajtmh.1998.58.277 10.2105/AJPH.87.4.655 10.1016/j.ypmed.2003.10.004 |
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Keywords | algorithms spatial analysis source of outbreak geographic information systems source localization workplace food-borne diseases infectious disease outbreaks |
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Identifying the source of an outbreak facilitates its control. Spatial methods are not optimally used in outbreak investigation, due to a mix of the... Identifying the source of an outbreak facilitates its control. Spatial methods are not optimally used in outbreak investigation, due to a mix of the... |
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SubjectTerms | Adolescent Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Algorithms Confidence Control methods Disease Outbreaks - statistics & numerical data Epidemiologic Methods Female Humans Identification methods Male Middle Aged Neighborhoods Outbreaks Parameters Pattern analysis Practice of Epidemiology Residence Characteristics - statistics & numerical data Residential areas Sensitivity analysis Sentinel Surveillance Spatial Analysis Spatial distribution Statistical analysis Workplace - statistics & numerical data Young Adult |
Title | Utility of Spatial Point-Pattern Analysis Using Residential and Workplace Geospatial Information to Localize Potential Outbreak Sources |
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