National survey of hepatitis B virus (HBV) polymorphism in asymptomatic HBV blood donors from 1999 to 2007 in France

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) diversity is characterized by eight genotypes correlated to eight hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) subtypes, which differ in their geographical distribution. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: To establish virologic characteristics and the evolution of HBV diversity, we...

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Published inTransfusion (Philadelphia, Pa.) Vol. 50; no. 12; pp. 2607 - 2618
Main Authors Servant-Delmas, Annabelle, Mercier, Mélanie, El Ghouzzi, Marie-Hélène, Girault, Annie, Bouchardeau, Françoise, Pillonel, Josiane, Laperche, Syria
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Malden, USA Blackwell Publishing Inc 01.12.2010
Wiley
Subjects
Adult
Anesthesia. Intensive care medicine. Transfusions. Cell therapy and gene therapy
Asymptomatic Infections - epidemiology
Biological and medical sciences
Blood Donors
Blood. Blood and plasma substitutes. Blood products. Blood cells. Blood typing. Plasmapheresis. Apheresis
Data Collection
Evolution, Molecular
Female
France - epidemiology
Gene Frequency
Genotype
Geography
Hepatitis B - blood
Hepatitis B - epidemiology
Hepatitis B - virology
Hepatitis B virus - genetics
Human viral diseases
Humans
Infectious diseases
Male
Medical sciences
Polymorphism, Genetic
Seroepidemiologic Studies
Serotyping
Time Factors
Transfusions. Complications. Transfusion reactions. Cell and gene therapy
Viral diseases
Viral hepatitis
France
Europe
Virus
Transfusion
Hepadnaviridae
Orthohepadnavirus
Asymptomatic
Hepatitis B virus
Blood donor
Polymorphism
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN0041-1132
1537-2995
1537-2995
DOI10.1111/j.1537-2995.2010.02725.x

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Abstract BACKGROUND: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) diversity is characterized by eight genotypes correlated to eight hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) subtypes, which differ in their geographical distribution. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: To establish virologic characteristics and the evolution of HBV diversity, we carried out a study over a 9‐year period in HBV‐infected French blood donors. HBsAg subtyping based on specific antibody method concerned 2901 donors, from whom 940 have been analyzed by an S‐gene sequencing to determine genotypes and S‐gene mutations. RESULTS: HBsAg subtypes were distributed as follows: ayw2, 34.4%; adw2, 25.7%; ayw1, 10.2%; ayw4, 14.9%; adr, 7.8%; ayw3, 6.4%; and adw4, 0.7%. Ayw4 (Genotype E) proportion increased over time in correlation with an increased proportion of subjects originated from sub‐Saharan Africa. The genotype observed with the highest proportion was D (43.0%), then A (26.2%), E (17.5%), B (6.5%), C (6.4%), and F (0.4%). Genotype B had the highest proportion of hepatitis B e antigen (39.2%) and the highest viral loads (VLs). Forty‐three (5.5%) isolates presented one (n = 35) or multiple (n = 8) amino acid envelope substitutions. Donors infected with mutated isolates had lowest VLs. rtA181T/sW172 stop mutation associated with resistance to nucleos(t)ide analogs was detected in two donors suggesting a transmission of these isolates. CONCLUSION: This extensive study shows that HBV genotype evolution is closely linked to the geographical origin of subjects and that the occurrence of viral envelope mutants is not an exceptional event in healthy HBV chronic carriers. Blood donors rarely recruited in HBV studies provide further relevant information on the characteristics of HBV diversity.
AbstractList BACKGROUND: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) diversity is characterized by eight genotypes correlated to eight hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) subtypes, which differ in their geographical distribution. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: To establish virologic characteristics and the evolution of HBV diversity, we carried out a study over a 9‐year period in HBV‐infected French blood donors. HBsAg subtyping based on specific antibody method concerned 2901 donors, from whom 940 have been analyzed by an S‐gene sequencing to determine genotypes and S‐gene mutations. RESULTS: HBsAg subtypes were distributed as follows: ayw2, 34.4%; adw2, 25.7%; ayw1, 10.2%; ayw4, 14.9%; adr, 7.8%; ayw3, 6.4%; and adw4, 0.7%. Ayw4 (Genotype E) proportion increased over time in correlation with an increased proportion of subjects originated from sub‐Saharan Africa. The genotype observed with the highest proportion was D (43.0%), then A (26.2%), E (17.5%), B (6.5%), C (6.4%), and F (0.4%). Genotype B had the highest proportion of hepatitis B e antigen (39.2%) and the highest viral loads (VLs). Forty‐three (5.5%) isolates presented one (n = 35) or multiple (n = 8) amino acid envelope substitutions. Donors infected with mutated isolates had lowest VLs. rtA181T/sW172 stop mutation associated with resistance to nucleos(t)ide analogs was detected in two donors suggesting a transmission of these isolates. CONCLUSION: This extensive study shows that HBV genotype evolution is closely linked to the geographical origin of subjects and that the occurrence of viral envelope mutants is not an exceptional event in healthy HBV chronic carriers. Blood donors rarely recruited in HBV studies provide further relevant information on the characteristics of HBV diversity.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) diversity is characterized by eight genotypes correlated to eight hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) subtypes, which differ in their geographical distribution.BACKGROUNDHepatitis B virus (HBV) diversity is characterized by eight genotypes correlated to eight hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) subtypes, which differ in their geographical distribution.To establish virologic characteristics and the evolution of HBV diversity, we carried out a study over a 9-year period in HBV-infected French blood donors. HBsAg subtyping based on specific antibody method concerned 2901 donors, from whom 940 have been analyzed by an S-gene sequencing to determine genotypes and S-gene mutations.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSTo establish virologic characteristics and the evolution of HBV diversity, we carried out a study over a 9-year period in HBV-infected French blood donors. HBsAg subtyping based on specific antibody method concerned 2901 donors, from whom 940 have been analyzed by an S-gene sequencing to determine genotypes and S-gene mutations.HBsAg subtypes were distributed as follows: ayw2, 34.4%; adw2, 25.7%; ayw1, 10.2%; ayw4, 14.9%; adr, 7.8%; ayw3, 6.4%; and adw4, 0.7%. Ayw4 (Genotype E) proportion increased over time in correlation with an increased proportion of subjects originated from sub-Saharan Africa. The genotype observed with the highest proportion was D (43.0%), then A (26.2%), E (17.5%), B (6.5%), C (6.4%), and F (0.4%). Genotype B had the highest proportion of hepatitis B e antigen (39.2%) and the highest viral loads (VLs). Forty-three (5.5%) isolates presented one (n=35) or multiple (n=8) amino acid envelope substitutions. Donors infected with mutated isolates had lowest VLs. rtA181T/sW172 stop mutation associated with resistance to nucleos(t)ide analogs was detected in two donors suggesting a transmission of these isolates.RESULTSHBsAg subtypes were distributed as follows: ayw2, 34.4%; adw2, 25.7%; ayw1, 10.2%; ayw4, 14.9%; adr, 7.8%; ayw3, 6.4%; and adw4, 0.7%. Ayw4 (Genotype E) proportion increased over time in correlation with an increased proportion of subjects originated from sub-Saharan Africa. The genotype observed with the highest proportion was D (43.0%), then A (26.2%), E (17.5%), B (6.5%), C (6.4%), and F (0.4%). Genotype B had the highest proportion of hepatitis B e antigen (39.2%) and the highest viral loads (VLs). Forty-three (5.5%) isolates presented one (n=35) or multiple (n=8) amino acid envelope substitutions. Donors infected with mutated isolates had lowest VLs. rtA181T/sW172 stop mutation associated with resistance to nucleos(t)ide analogs was detected in two donors suggesting a transmission of these isolates.This extensive study shows that HBV genotype evolution is closely linked to the geographical origin of subjects and that the occurrence of viral envelope mutants is not an exceptional event in healthy HBV chronic carriers. Blood donors rarely recruited in HBV studies provide further relevant information on the characteristics of HBV diversity.CONCLUSIONThis extensive study shows that HBV genotype evolution is closely linked to the geographical origin of subjects and that the occurrence of viral envelope mutants is not an exceptional event in healthy HBV chronic carriers. Blood donors rarely recruited in HBV studies provide further relevant information on the characteristics of HBV diversity.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) diversity is characterized by eight genotypes correlated to eight hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) subtypes, which differ in their geographical distribution. To establish virologic characteristics and the evolution of HBV diversity, we carried out a study over a 9-year period in HBV-infected French blood donors. HBsAg subtyping based on specific antibody method concerned 2901 donors, from whom 940 have been analyzed by an S-gene sequencing to determine genotypes and S-gene mutations. HBsAg subtypes were distributed as follows: ayw2, 34.4%; adw2, 25.7%; ayw1, 10.2%; ayw4, 14.9%; adr, 7.8%; ayw3, 6.4%; and adw4, 0.7%. Ayw4 (Genotype E) proportion increased over time in correlation with an increased proportion of subjects originated from sub-Saharan Africa. The genotype observed with the highest proportion was D (43.0%), then A (26.2%), E (17.5%), B (6.5%), C (6.4%), and F (0.4%). Genotype B had the highest proportion of hepatitis B e antigen (39.2%) and the highest viral loads (VLs). Forty-three (5.5%) isolates presented one (n=35) or multiple (n=8) amino acid envelope substitutions. Donors infected with mutated isolates had lowest VLs. rtA181T/sW172 stop mutation associated with resistance to nucleos(t)ide analogs was detected in two donors suggesting a transmission of these isolates. This extensive study shows that HBV genotype evolution is closely linked to the geographical origin of subjects and that the occurrence of viral envelope mutants is not an exceptional event in healthy HBV chronic carriers. Blood donors rarely recruited in HBV studies provide further relevant information on the characteristics of HBV diversity.
BACKGROUND: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) diversity is characterized by eight genotypes correlated to eight hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) subtypes, which differ in their geographical distribution. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: To establish virologic characteristics and the evolution of HBV diversity, we carried out a study over a 9‐year period in HBV‐infected French blood donors. HBsAg subtyping based on specific antibody method concerned 2901 donors, from whom 940 have been analyzed by an S‐gene sequencing to determine genotypes and S‐gene mutations. RESULTS: HBsAg subtypes were distributed as follows: ayw2, 34.4%; adw2, 25.7%; ayw1, 10.2%; ayw4, 14.9%; adr, 7.8%; ayw3, 6.4%; and adw4, 0.7%. Ayw4 (Genotype E) proportion increased over time in correlation with an increased proportion of subjects originated from sub‐Saharan Africa. The genotype observed with the highest proportion was D (43.0%), then A (26.2%), E (17.5%), B (6.5%), C (6.4%), and F (0.4%). Genotype B had the highest proportion of hepatitis B e antigen (39.2%) and the highest viral loads (VLs). Forty‐three (5.5%) isolates presented one (n = 35) or multiple (n = 8) amino acid envelope substitutions. Donors infected with mutated isolates had lowest VLs. rtA181T/sW172 stop mutation associated with resistance to nucleos(t)ide analogs was detected in two donors suggesting a transmission of these isolates. CONCLUSION: This extensive study shows that HBV genotype evolution is closely linked to the geographical origin of subjects and that the occurrence of viral envelope mutants is not an exceptional event in healthy HBV chronic carriers. Blood donors rarely recruited in HBV studies provide further relevant information on the characteristics of HBV diversity.
Author Pillonel, Josiane
Servant-Delmas, Annabelle
Mercier, Mélanie
Laperche, Syria
El Ghouzzi, Marie-Hélène
Bouchardeau, Françoise
Girault, Annie
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  givenname: Annabelle
  surname: Servant-Delmas
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  organization: From the Centre National de Référence pour les Hépatites B et C en Transfusion, Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris; the Etablissement Français du Sang Ile de France, Rungis; and the Département Maladies Infections, Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Saint Maurice, France
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  givenname: Mélanie
  surname: Mercier
  fullname: Mercier, Mélanie
  organization: From the Centre National de Référence pour les Hépatites B et C en Transfusion, Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris; the Etablissement Français du Sang Ile de France, Rungis; and the Département Maladies Infections, Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Saint Maurice, France
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  givenname: Marie-Hélène
  surname: El Ghouzzi
  fullname: El Ghouzzi, Marie-Hélène
  organization: From the Centre National de Référence pour les Hépatites B et C en Transfusion, Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris; the Etablissement Français du Sang Ile de France, Rungis; and the Département Maladies Infections, Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Saint Maurice, France
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  fullname: Girault, Annie
  organization: From the Centre National de Référence pour les Hépatites B et C en Transfusion, Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris; the Etablissement Français du Sang Ile de France, Rungis; and the Département Maladies Infections, Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Saint Maurice, France
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  givenname: Josiane
  surname: Pillonel
  fullname: Pillonel, Josiane
  organization: From the Centre National de Référence pour les Hépatites B et C en Transfusion, Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris; the Etablissement Français du Sang Ile de France, Rungis; and the Département Maladies Infections, Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Saint Maurice, France
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  surname: Laperche
  fullname: Laperche, Syria
  organization: From the Centre National de Référence pour les Hépatites B et C en Transfusion, Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris; the Etablissement Français du Sang Ile de France, Rungis; and the Département Maladies Infections, Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Saint Maurice, France
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Issue 12
Keywords Virus
Transfusion
Hepadnaviridae
Orthohepadnavirus
Asymptomatic
Hepatitis B virus
Blood donor
Polymorphism
Language English
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PublicationDate December 2010
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2010-12-01
PublicationDate_xml – month: 12
  year: 2010
  text: December 2010
PublicationDecade 2010
PublicationPlace Malden, USA
PublicationPlace_xml – name: Malden, USA
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PublicationTitle Transfusion (Philadelphia, Pa.)
PublicationTitleAlternate Transfusion
PublicationYear 2010
Publisher Blackwell Publishing Inc
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Publisher_xml – name: Blackwell Publishing Inc
– name: Wiley
References Couroucé A, Holland P, Muller J, Soulier J. HBs antigen subtypes. Bibliotheca Hemat 1976;42:31-41.
Arauz-Ruiz P, Norder H, Robertson BH, Magnius LO. Genotype H: a new Amerindian genotype of hepatitis B virus revealed in Central America. J Gen Virol 2002;83:2059-73.
Yamamoto K, Horikita M, Tsuda F, Itoh K, Akahane Y, Yotsumoto S, Okamoto H, Miyakawa Y, Mayumi M. Naturally occurring escape mutants of hepatitis B virus with various mutations in the S gene in carriers seropositive for antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen. J Virol 1994;68:2671-6.
Hou J, Wang Z, Cheng J, Lin Y, Lau GK, Sun J, Zhou F, Waters J, Karayiannis P, Luo K. Prevalence of naturally occurring surface gene variants of hepatitis B virus in nonimmunized surface antigen-negative Chinese carriers. Hepatology 2001;34:1027-34.
Halfon P, Bourliere M, Pol S, Benhamou Y, Ouzan D, Rotily M, Khiri H, Renou C, Penaranda G, Saadoun D, Thibault V, Serpaggi J, Varastet M, Tainturier MH, Poynard T, Cacoub P. Multicentre study of hepatitis B virus genotypes in France: correlation with liver fibrosis and hepatitis B e antigen status. J Viral Hepat 2006;13:329-35.
Fleiss J. Statistical methods for rates and proportions. 2nd ed. New York: John Wiley and Sons; 1981.
Carman WF, Van Deursen FJ, Mimms LT, Hardie D, Coppola R, Decker R, Sanders R. The prevalence of surface antigen variants of hepatitis B virus in Papua New Guinea, South Africa, and Sardinia. Hepatology 1997;26:1658-66.
Roque-Afonso AM, Ferey MP, Ly TD, Graube A, Costa-Faria L, Samuel D, Dussaix E. Viral and clinical factors associated with surface gene variants among hepatitis B virus carriers. Antivir Ther 2007;12:1255-63.
Couroucé-Pauty AM, Soulier JP. Further data on HBs antigen subtypes-geographical distribution. Vox Sang 1974;27:533-49.
Schaefer S. Hepatitis B virus genotypes in Europe. Hepatol Res 2007;37:S20-6.
Cacoub P, Saadoun D, Bourliere M, Khiri H, Martineau A, Benhamou Y, Varastet M, Pol S, Thibault V, Rotily M, Halfon P. Hepatitis B virus genotypes and extrahepatic manifestations. J Hepatol 2005;43:764-70.
Erhardt A, Blondin D, Hauck K, Sagir A, Kohnle T, Heintges T, Haussinger D. Response to interferon alfa is hepatitis B virus genotype dependent: genotype A is more sensitive to interferon than genotype D. Gut 2005;54:1009-13.
Hsu HY, Chang MH, Liaw SH, Ni YH, Chen HL. Changes of hepatitis B surface antigen variants in carrier children before and after universal vaccination in Taiwan. Hepatology 1999;30:1312-7.
Warner N, Locarnini S. The antiviral drug selected hepatitis B virus rtA181T/sW172* mutant has a dominant negative secretion defect and alters the typical profile of viral rebound. Hepatology 2008;48:88-98.
Ly TD, Servant-Delmas A, Bagot S, Gonzalo S, Ferey MP, Ebel A, Dussaix E, Laperche S, Roque-Afonso AM. Sensitivities of four new commercial hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) assays in detection of HBsAg mutant forms. J Clin Microbiol 2006;44:2321-6.
Kao JH, Chen PJ, Lai MY, Chen DS. Clinical and virological aspects of blood donors infected with hepatitis B virus genotypes B and C. J Clin Microbiol 2002;40:22-5.
Moerman B, Moons V, Sommer H, Schmitt Y, Stetter M. Evaluation of sensitivity for wild type and mutant forms of hepatitis B surface antigen by four commercial HBsAg assays. Clin Lab 2004;50:159-62.
Couroucé-Pauty A, Lemaire J, Roux J. New hepatitis B surface antigen subtypes inside the ad category. Vox Sang 1978;35:304-8.
Bancroft WH, Mundon FK, Russell PK. Detection of additional antigenic determinants of hepatitis B antigen. J Immunol 1972;109:842-8.
Laperche S, Girault A, Beaulieu MJ, Bouchardeau F, Courouce AM. Determination of hepatitis B virus subtypes by an enzyme immunoassay method using monoclonal antibodies to type-specific epitopes of HBsAg. J Viral Hepat 2001;8:447-53.
Davidson F, Lycett C, Sablon E, Petrik J, Dow BC. Hepatitis B virus genotypes and precore mutations in Scottish blood donors. Vox Sang 2005;88:87-92.
Zollner B, Sterneck M, Wursthorn K, Petersen J, Schroter M, Laufs R, Feucht HH. Prevalence, incidence, and clinical relevance of the reverse transcriptase V207I mutation outside the YMDD motif of the hepatitis B virus polymerase during lamivudine therapy. J Clin Microbiol 2005;43:2503-5.
Norder H, Courouce AM, Coursaget P, Echevarria JM, Lee SD, Mushahwar IK, Robertson BH, Locarnini S, Magnius LO. Genetic diversity of hepatitis B virus strains derived worldwide: genotypes, subgenotypes, and HBsAg subtypes. Intervirology 2004;47:289-309.
Felsenstein J. PHYLIP-phylogeny interference package. Cladistics 1989;5:164-6.
Kao JH, Chen PJ, Lai MY, Chen DS. Hepatitis B genotypes correlate with clinical outcomes in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Gastroenterology 2000;118:554-9.
Avellon A, Echevarria JM. Frequency of hepatitis B virus "a" determinant variants in unselected Spanish chronic carriers. J Med Virol 2006;78:24-36.
Kato H, Orito E, Sugauchi F, Ueda R, Gish RG, Usuda S, Miyakawa Y, Mizokami M. Determination of hepatitis B virus genotype G by polymerase chain reaction with hemi-nested primers. J Virol Methods 2001;98:153-9.
Simmonds P, Midgley S. Recombination in the genesis and evolution of hepatitis B virus genotypes. J Virol 2005;79:15467-76.
Liu CJ, Kao JH, Shau WY, Chen PJ, Lai MY, Chen DS. Naturally occurring hepatitis B surface gene variants in chronic hepatitis B virus infection: correlation with viral serotypes and clinical stages of liver disease. J Med Virol 2002;68:50-9.
Seddigh-Tonekaboni S, Waters JA, Jeffers S, Gehrke R, Ofenloch B, Horsch A, Hess G, Thomas HC, Karayiannis P. Effect of variation in the common "a" determinant on the antigenicity of hepatitis B surface antigen. J Med Virol 2000;60:113-21.
Le Bouvier G. The heterogeneity of Australia antigen. J Infect Dis 1971;123:671-5.
Soulier JP, Couroucé-Pauty AM. New determinants of hepatitis B antigen (Au or HB antigen). Vox Sang 1973;25:212-34.
Stuyver L, De Gendt S, Van Geyt C, Zoulim F, Fried M, Schinazi RF, Rossau R. A new genotype of hepatitis B virus: complete genome and phylogenetic relatedness. J GenVirol 2000;81:67-74.
Peterson DL, Paul DA, Lam J, Tribby II, Achord DT. Antigenic structure of hepatitis B surface antigen: identification of the "d" subtype determinant by chemical modification and use of monoclonal antibodies. J Immunol 1984;132:920-7.
Meffre C, Le Strat Y, Delarocque-Astagneau E, Dubois F, Antona D, Lemasson JM, Warszawski J, Steinmetz J, Coste D, Meyer JF, Leiser S, Giordanella JP, Gueguen R, Desenclos JC. Prevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus infections in France in 2004: social factors are important predictors after adjusting for known risk factors. J Med Virol. 2010;82:546-55.
Lada O, Benhamou Y, Poynard T, Thibault V. Coexistence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBs Ag) and anti-HBs antibodies in chronic hepatitis B virus carriers: influence of "a" determinant variants. J Virol 2006;80:2968-75.
Kondili LA, Brunetto MR, Maina AM, Argentini C, Chionne P, La Sorsa V, Resuli B, Mele A, Rapicetta M. Clinical and molecular characterization of chronic hepatitis B in Albania: a country that is still highly endemic for HBV infection. J Med Virol 2005;75:20-6.
INED. Par année, nationalité et continent. Paris, France: INED. Available from: URL: http://www.ined.fr/fr/pop_chiffres/france/flux_immigration/depuis_1994
Toy M, Veldhuijzen IK, Mostert MC, De Man RA, Richardus JH. Transmission routes of hepatitis B virus infection in chronic hepatitis B patients in The Netherlands. J Med Virol 2008;80:399-404.
Rodriguez-Frias F, Buti M, Jardi R, Vargas V, Quer J, Cotrina M, Martell M, Esteban R, Guardia J. Genetic alterations in the S gene of hepatitis B virus in patients with acute hepatitis B, chronic hepatitis B and hepatitis B liver cirrhosis before and after liver transplantation. Liver 1999;19:177-82.
Chu CJ, Keeffe EB, Han SH, Perrillo RP, Min AD, Soldevila-Pico C, Carey W, Brown RS, Jr, Luketic VA, Terrault N, Lok AS. Hepatitis B virus genotypes in the United States: results of a nationwide study. Gastroenterology 2003;125:444-51.
Yang HI, Yeh SH, Chen PJ, Iloeje UH, Jen CL, Su J, Wang LY, Lu SN, You SL, Chen DS, Liaw YF, Chen CJ. Associations between hepatitis B virus genotype and mutants and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Natl Cancer Inst 2008;100:1134-43.
Kidd-Ljunggren K, Myhre E, Blackberg J. Clinical and serological variation between patients infected with different hepatitis B virus genotypes. J Clin Microbiol 2004;42:5837-41.
Van Houdt R, Bruisten SM, Koedijk FD, Dukers NH, Op de Coul EL, Mostert MC, Niesters HG, Richardus JH, De Man RA, Van Doornum GJ, Van Den Hoek JA, Coutinho RA, Van De Laar MJ, Boot HJ. Molecular epidemiology of acute hepatitis B in the Netherlands in 2004: nationwide survey. J Med Virol 2007;79:895-901.
Kay A, Zoulim F. Hepatitis B virus genetic variability and evolution. Virus Res 2007;127:164-76.
Echevarria JM, Avellon A. Hepatitis B virus genetic diversity. J Med Virol 2006;78(Suppl):1S36-42.
Ganne-Carrie N, Williams V, Kaddouri H, Trinchet JC, Dziri-Mendil S, Alloui C, Hawajri NA, Deny P, Beaugrand M, Gordien E. Significance of hepatitis B virus genotypes A to E in a cohort of patients with chronic hepatitis B in the Seine Saint Denis District of Paris (France). J Med Virol 2006;78:335-40.
Couroucé A, Lee H, Drouet J, Canavaggio M, Soulier JP. Monoclonal antibodies to HBsAg: a study of their specificities for eight different HBsAg subtyppes. Basel, CH: S.Karger; 1983. p. 527-34.
Song BC, Kim SH, Kim H, Ying YH, Kim HJ, Kim YJ, Yoon JH, Lee HS, Cha CY, Kook YH, Kim BJ. Prevalence of naturally occurring surface antigen variants of hepatitis B virus in Korean patients infected chronically. J Med Virol 2005;76:194-202.
Trimoulet P, Boutonnet M, Winnock M, Faure M, Loko M, De Lédinghen V, Bernard PH, Castéra L, Foucher J, Dupon M, Ragnaud J, Lafon ME, Couzigou P, Dabis F, Fleury H, Neau D. Hepatitis B virus genotypes: a retrospective survey in Southwestern France, 1999-2004. Gastroenterol Clin Biol 2007;31:1088-94.
Hsu HY, Chang MH, Ni YH, Chen HL. Surve
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Stuyver L (e_1_2_8_12_2) 2000; 81
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References_xml – reference: Le Bouvier G. The heterogeneity of Australia antigen. J Infect Dis 1971;123:671-5.
– reference: Stuyver L, De Gendt S, Van Geyt C, Zoulim F, Fried M, Schinazi RF, Rossau R. A new genotype of hepatitis B virus: complete genome and phylogenetic relatedness. J GenVirol 2000;81:67-74.
– reference: Magnius LO, Norder H. Subtypes, genotypes and molecular epidemiology of the hepatitis B virus as reflected by sequence variability of the S-gene. Intervirology 1995;38:24-34.
– reference: Ogura Y, Kurosaki M, Asahina Y, Enomoto N, Marumo F, Sato C. Prevalence and significance of naturally occurring mutations in the surface and polymerase genes of hepatitis B virus. J Infect Dis 1999;180:1444-51.
– reference: Ganne-Carrie N, Williams V, Kaddouri H, Trinchet JC, Dziri-Mendil S, Alloui C, Hawajri NA, Deny P, Beaugrand M, Gordien E. Significance of hepatitis B virus genotypes A to E in a cohort of patients with chronic hepatitis B in the Seine Saint Denis District of Paris (France). J Med Virol 2006;78:335-40.
– reference: Kao JH, Chen PJ, Lai MY, Chen DS. Clinical and virological aspects of blood donors infected with hepatitis B virus genotypes B and C. J Clin Microbiol 2002;40:22-5.
– reference: Li JS, Tong SP, Wen YM, Vitvitski L, Zhang Q, Trepo C. Hepatitis B virus genotype A rarely circulates as an HBe-minus mutant: possible contribution of a single nucleotide in the precore region. J Virol 1993;67:5402-10.
– reference: Felsenstein J. PHYLIP-phylogeny interference package. Cladistics 1989;5:164-6.
– reference: Echevarria JM, Avellon A. Hepatitis B virus genetic diversity. J Med Virol 2006;78(Suppl):1S36-42.
– reference: Trimoulet P, Boutonnet M, Winnock M, Faure M, Loko M, De Lédinghen V, Bernard PH, Castéra L, Foucher J, Dupon M, Ragnaud J, Lafon ME, Couzigou P, Dabis F, Fleury H, Neau D. Hepatitis B virus genotypes: a retrospective survey in Southwestern France, 1999-2004. Gastroenterol Clin Biol 2007;31:1088-94.
– reference: Kondili LA, Brunetto MR, Maina AM, Argentini C, Chionne P, La Sorsa V, Resuli B, Mele A, Rapicetta M. Clinical and molecular characterization of chronic hepatitis B in Albania: a country that is still highly endemic for HBV infection. J Med Virol 2005;75:20-6.
– reference: Laperche S, Girault A, Beaulieu MJ, Bouchardeau F, Courouce AM. Determination of hepatitis B virus subtypes by an enzyme immunoassay method using monoclonal antibodies to type-specific epitopes of HBsAg. J Viral Hepat 2001;8:447-53.
– reference: Moerman B, Moons V, Sommer H, Schmitt Y, Stetter M. Evaluation of sensitivity for wild type and mutant forms of hepatitis B surface antigen by four commercial HBsAg assays. Clin Lab 2004;50:159-62.
– reference: Yamamoto K, Horikita M, Tsuda F, Itoh K, Akahane Y, Yotsumoto S, Okamoto H, Miyakawa Y, Mayumi M. Naturally occurring escape mutants of hepatitis B virus with various mutations in the S gene in carriers seropositive for antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen. J Virol 1994;68:2671-6.
– reference: Kato H, Orito E, Sugauchi F, Ueda R, Gish RG, Usuda S, Miyakawa Y, Mizokami M. Determination of hepatitis B virus genotype G by polymerase chain reaction with hemi-nested primers. J Virol Methods 2001;98:153-9.
– reference: INED. Par année, nationalité et continent. Paris, France: INED. Available from: URL: http://www.ined.fr/fr/pop_chiffres/france/flux_immigration/depuis_1994/
– reference: Kao JH, Chen PJ, Lai MY, Chen DS. Hepatitis B genotypes correlate with clinical outcomes in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Gastroenterology 2000;118:554-9.
– reference: Erhardt A, Blondin D, Hauck K, Sagir A, Kohnle T, Heintges T, Haussinger D. Response to interferon alfa is hepatitis B virus genotype dependent: genotype A is more sensitive to interferon than genotype D. Gut 2005;54:1009-13.
– reference: Song BC, Kim SH, Kim H, Ying YH, Kim HJ, Kim YJ, Yoon JH, Lee HS, Cha CY, Kook YH, Kim BJ. Prevalence of naturally occurring surface antigen variants of hepatitis B virus in Korean patients infected chronically. J Med Virol 2005;76:194-202.
– reference: Toy M, Veldhuijzen IK, Mostert MC, De Man RA, Richardus JH. Transmission routes of hepatitis B virus infection in chronic hepatitis B patients in The Netherlands. J Med Virol 2008;80:399-404.
– reference: Liu CJ, Kao JH, Shau WY, Chen PJ, Lai MY, Chen DS. Naturally occurring hepatitis B surface gene variants in chronic hepatitis B virus infection: correlation with viral serotypes and clinical stages of liver disease. J Med Virol 2002;68:50-9.
– reference: Simmonds P, Midgley S. Recombination in the genesis and evolution of hepatitis B virus genotypes. J Virol 2005;79:15467-76.
– reference: Couroucé A, Lee H, Drouet J, Canavaggio M, Soulier JP. Monoclonal antibodies to HBsAg: a study of their specificities for eight different HBsAg subtyppes. Basel, CH: S.Karger; 1983. p. 527-34.
– reference: Arauz-Ruiz P, Norder H, Robertson BH, Magnius LO. Genotype H: a new Amerindian genotype of hepatitis B virus revealed in Central America. J Gen Virol 2002;83:2059-73.
– reference: Roque-Afonso AM, Ferey MP, Ly TD, Graube A, Costa-Faria L, Samuel D, Dussaix E. Viral and clinical factors associated with surface gene variants among hepatitis B virus carriers. Antivir Ther 2007;12:1255-63.
– reference: Jeantet D, Chemin I, Mandrand B, Tran A, Zoulim F, Merle P, Trepo C, Kay A. Cloning and expression of surface antigens from occult chronic hepatitis B virus infections and their recognition by commercial detection assays. J Med Virol 2004;73:508-15.
– reference: Warner N, Locarnini S. The antiviral drug selected hepatitis B virus rtA181T/sW172* mutant has a dominant negative secretion defect and alters the typical profile of viral rebound. Hepatology 2008;48:88-98.
– reference: Van Houdt R, Bruisten SM, Koedijk FD, Dukers NH, Op de Coul EL, Mostert MC, Niesters HG, Richardus JH, De Man RA, Van Doornum GJ, Van Den Hoek JA, Coutinho RA, Van De Laar MJ, Boot HJ. Molecular epidemiology of acute hepatitis B in the Netherlands in 2004: nationwide survey. J Med Virol 2007;79:895-901.
– reference: Kay A, Zoulim F. Hepatitis B virus genetic variability and evolution. Virus Res 2007;127:164-76.
– reference: Davidson F, Lycett C, Sablon E, Petrik J, Dow BC. Hepatitis B virus genotypes and precore mutations in Scottish blood donors. Vox Sang 2005;88:87-92.
– reference: Hsu HY, Chang MH, Liaw SH, Ni YH, Chen HL. Changes of hepatitis B surface antigen variants in carrier children before and after universal vaccination in Taiwan. Hepatology 1999;30:1312-7.
– reference: Hou J, Wang Z, Cheng J, Lin Y, Lau GK, Sun J, Zhou F, Waters J, Karayiannis P, Luo K. Prevalence of naturally occurring surface gene variants of hepatitis B virus in nonimmunized surface antigen-negative Chinese carriers. Hepatology 2001;34:1027-34.
– reference: Rodriguez-Frias F, Buti M, Jardi R, Vargas V, Quer J, Cotrina M, Martell M, Esteban R, Guardia J. Genetic alterations in the S gene of hepatitis B virus in patients with acute hepatitis B, chronic hepatitis B and hepatitis B liver cirrhosis before and after liver transplantation. Liver 1999;19:177-82.
– reference: Ly TD, Servant-Delmas A, Bagot S, Gonzalo S, Ferey MP, Ebel A, Dussaix E, Laperche S, Roque-Afonso AM. Sensitivities of four new commercial hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) assays in detection of HBsAg mutant forms. J Clin Microbiol 2006;44:2321-6.
– reference: Couroucé A, Holland P, Muller J, Soulier J. HBs antigen subtypes. Bibliotheca Hemat 1976;42:31-41.
– reference: Zollner B, Sterneck M, Wursthorn K, Petersen J, Schroter M, Laufs R, Feucht HH. Prevalence, incidence, and clinical relevance of the reverse transcriptase V207I mutation outside the YMDD motif of the hepatitis B virus polymerase during lamivudine therapy. J Clin Microbiol 2005;43:2503-5.
– reference: Meffre C, Le Strat Y, Delarocque-Astagneau E, Dubois F, Antona D, Lemasson JM, Warszawski J, Steinmetz J, Coste D, Meyer JF, Leiser S, Giordanella JP, Gueguen R, Desenclos JC. Prevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus infections in France in 2004: social factors are important predictors after adjusting for known risk factors. J Med Virol. 2010;82:546-55.
– reference: Bancroft WH, Mundon FK, Russell PK. Detection of additional antigenic determinants of hepatitis B antigen. J Immunol 1972;109:842-8.
– reference: Soulier JP, Couroucé-Pauty AM. New determinants of hepatitis B antigen (Au or HB antigen). Vox Sang 1973;25:212-34.
– reference: Chu CJ, Keeffe EB, Han SH, Perrillo RP, Min AD, Soldevila-Pico C, Carey W, Brown RS, Jr, Luketic VA, Terrault N, Lok AS. Hepatitis B virus genotypes in the United States: results of a nationwide study. Gastroenterology 2003;125:444-51.
– reference: Fleiss J. Statistical methods for rates and proportions. 2nd ed. New York: John Wiley and Sons; 1981.
– reference: Tanaka Y, Hasegawa I, Kato T, Orito E, Hirashima N, Acharya SK, Gish RG, Kramvis A, Kew MC, Yoshihara N, Shrestha SM, Khan M, Miyakawa Y, Mizokami M. A case-control study for differences among hepatitis B virus infections of genotypes A (subtypes Aa and Ae) and D. Hepatology 2004;40:747-55.
– reference: Schaefer S. Hepatitis B virus genotypes in Europe. Hepatol Res 2007;37:S20-6.
– reference: Norder H, Courouce AM, Coursaget P, Echevarria JM, Lee SD, Mushahwar IK, Robertson BH, Locarnini S, Magnius LO. Genetic diversity of hepatitis B virus strains derived worldwide: genotypes, subgenotypes, and HBsAg subtypes. Intervirology 2004;47:289-309.
– reference: Lada O, Benhamou Y, Poynard T, Thibault V. Coexistence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBs Ag) and anti-HBs antibodies in chronic hepatitis B virus carriers: influence of "a" determinant variants. J Virol 2006;80:2968-75.
– reference: Yoshikawa A, Gotanda Y, Suzuki Y, Tanaka M, Matsukura H, Shiraishi T, Matsubayashi K, Kon E, Suzuki K, Yugi H. Age- and gender-specific distributions of hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes in Japanese HBV-positive blood donors. Transfusion 2009;49:1314-20.
– reference: Yang HI, Yeh SH, Chen PJ, Iloeje UH, Jen CL, Su J, Wang LY, Lu SN, You SL, Chen DS, Liaw YF, Chen CJ. Associations between hepatitis B virus genotype and mutants and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Natl Cancer Inst 2008;100:1134-43.
– reference: Avellon A, Echevarria JM. Frequency of hepatitis B virus "a" determinant variants in unselected Spanish chronic carriers. J Med Virol 2006;78:24-36.
– reference: Kidd-Ljunggren K, Myhre E, Blackberg J. Clinical and serological variation between patients infected with different hepatitis B virus genotypes. J Clin Microbiol 2004;42:5837-41.
– reference: Peterson DL, Paul DA, Lam J, Tribby II, Achord DT. Antigenic structure of hepatitis B surface antigen: identification of the "d" subtype determinant by chemical modification and use of monoclonal antibodies. J Immunol 1984;132:920-7.
– reference: Couroucé-Pauty AM, Soulier JP. Further data on HBs antigen subtypes-geographical distribution. Vox Sang 1974;27:533-49.
– reference: Carman WF, Van Deursen FJ, Mimms LT, Hardie D, Coppola R, Decker R, Sanders R. The prevalence of surface antigen variants of hepatitis B virus in Papua New Guinea, South Africa, and Sardinia. Hepatology 1997;26:1658-66.
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Snippet BACKGROUND: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) diversity is characterized by eight genotypes correlated to eight hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) subtypes, which...
BACKGROUND: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) diversity is characterized by eight genotypes correlated to eight hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) subtypes, which...
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) diversity is characterized by eight genotypes correlated to eight hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) subtypes, which differ in their...
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SubjectTerms Adult
Anesthesia. Intensive care medicine. Transfusions. Cell therapy and gene therapy
Asymptomatic Infections - epidemiology
Biological and medical sciences
Blood Donors
Blood. Blood and plasma substitutes. Blood products. Blood cells. Blood typing. Plasmapheresis. Apheresis
Data Collection
Evolution, Molecular
Female
France - epidemiology
Gene Frequency
Genotype
Geography
Hepatitis B - blood
Hepatitis B - epidemiology
Hepatitis B - virology
Hepatitis B virus - genetics
Human viral diseases
Humans
Infectious diseases
Male
Medical sciences
Polymorphism, Genetic
Seroepidemiologic Studies
Serotyping
Time Factors
Transfusions. Complications. Transfusion reactions. Cell and gene therapy
Viral diseases
Viral hepatitis
Title National survey of hepatitis B virus (HBV) polymorphism in asymptomatic HBV blood donors from 1999 to 2007 in France
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20553432
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Volume 50
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