Differentiating allocation of resources and conflict detection within attentional control processing

Increasing demands for conflict detection and for allocation of attentional resources increase the need for attentional control. While prior evidence suggests that different cortical regions are preferentially engaged by these two attentional processes, the effect of increasing demand for conflict d...

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Published in	The European journal of neuroscience Vol. 25; no. 2; pp. 594 - 602
Main Authors	Blasi, Giuseppe, Goldberg, Terry E., Elvevåg, Brita, Rasetti, Roberta, Bertolino, Alessandro, Cohen, Jessica, Alce, Guilna, Zoltick, Brad, Weinberger, Daniel R., Mattay, Venkata S.
Format	Journal Article
Language	English
Published	Oxford, UK Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.01.2007
Subjects	Adult Attention - physiology Brain Mapping Cerebral Cortex - blood supply Cerebral Cortex - physiology cingulate cortex Conflict (Psychology) dorsolateral prefrontal cortex Female fMRI Humans Image Processing, Computer-Assisted - methods Magnetic Resonance Imaging Male Neuropsychological Tests Oxygen - blood parietal cortex Reaction Time - physiology variable attentional control task
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ISSN	0953-816X 1460-9568
DOI	10.1111/j.1460-9568.2007.05283.x

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Abstract	Increasing demands for conflict detection and for allocation of attentional resources increase the need for attentional control. While prior evidence suggests that different cortical regions are preferentially engaged by these two attentional processes, the effect of increasing demand for conflict detection and/or allocation of attentional resources has been relatively unexplored. We designed a novel task (the ‘variable attentional control’– VAC – task) that varies the demand for attentional control by increasing conflict detection and allocation of attentional resources within the same stimuli. We studied 34 subjects who underwent event‐related functional magnetic resonance imaging while performing the VAC task. Increasing demand for attentional control, as reflected by longer reaction time and reduced accuracy, was associated with greater activation in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, parietal cortex and dorsal cingulate. Furthermore, an increase in conflict detection was associated with greater dorsal cingulate activity, whereas an increase in demand for allocation of attentional resources implied greater activation in the dorsolateral prefrontal and parietal cortices. In essence, in addition to allowing the exploration of the overall effects of increasing demand for attentional control, our novel task also allowed parsing of the neural components of attentional control into those related to allocation of attentional resources and those related to conflict detection.
AbstractList	Increasing demands for conflict detection and for allocation of attentional resources increase the need for attentional control. While prior evidence suggests that different cortical regions are preferentially engaged by these two attentional processes, the effect of increasing demand for conflict detection and/or allocation of attentional resources has been relatively unexplored. We designed a novel task (the 'variable attentional control'--VAC--task) that varies the demand for attentional control by increasing conflict detection and allocation of attentional resources within the same stimuli. We studied 34 subjects who underwent event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging while performing the VAC task. Increasing demand for attentional control, as reflected by longer reaction time and reduced accuracy, was associated with greater activation in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, parietal cortex and dorsal cingulate. Furthermore, an increase in conflict detection was associated with greater dorsal cingulate activity, whereas an increase in demand for allocation of attentional resources implied greater activation in the dorsolateral prefrontal and parietal cortices. In essence, in addition to allowing the exploration of the overall effects of increasing demand for attentional control, our novel task also allowed parsing of the neural components of attentional control into those related to allocation of attentional resources and those related to conflict detection.Increasing demands for conflict detection and for allocation of attentional resources increase the need for attentional control. While prior evidence suggests that different cortical regions are preferentially engaged by these two attentional processes, the effect of increasing demand for conflict detection and/or allocation of attentional resources has been relatively unexplored. We designed a novel task (the 'variable attentional control'--VAC--task) that varies the demand for attentional control by increasing conflict detection and allocation of attentional resources within the same stimuli. We studied 34 subjects who underwent event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging while performing the VAC task. Increasing demand for attentional control, as reflected by longer reaction time and reduced accuracy, was associated with greater activation in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, parietal cortex and dorsal cingulate. Furthermore, an increase in conflict detection was associated with greater dorsal cingulate activity, whereas an increase in demand for allocation of attentional resources implied greater activation in the dorsolateral prefrontal and parietal cortices. In essence, in addition to allowing the exploration of the overall effects of increasing demand for attentional control, our novel task also allowed parsing of the neural components of attentional control into those related to allocation of attentional resources and those related to conflict detection. AbstractIncreasing demands for conflict detection and for allocation of attentional resources increase the need for attentional control. While prior evidence suggests that different cortical regions are preferentially engaged by these two attentional processes, the effect of increasing demand for conflict detection and/or allocation of attentional resources has been relatively unexplored. We designed a novel task (the 'variable attentional control'- VAC - task) that varies the demand for attentional control by increasing conflict detection and allocation of attentional resources within the same stimuli. We studied 34 subjects who underwent event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging while performing the VAC task. Increasing demand for attentional control, as reflected by longer reaction time and reduced accuracy, was associated with greater activation in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, parietal cortex and dorsal cingulate. Furthermore, an increase in conflict detection was associated with greater dorsal cingulate activity, whereas an increase in demand for allocation of attentional resources implied greater activation in the dorsolateral prefrontal and parietal cortices. In essence, in addition to allowing the exploration of the overall effects of increasing demand for attentional control, our novel task also allowed parsing of the neural components of attentional control into those related to allocation of attentional resources and those related to conflict detection. Increasing demands for conflict detection and for allocation of attentional resources increase the need for attentional control. While prior evidence suggests that different cortical regions are preferentially engaged by these two attentional processes, the effect of increasing demand for conflict detection and/or allocation of attentional resources has been relatively unexplored. We designed a novel task (the 'variable attentional control'--VAC--task) that varies the demand for attentional control by increasing conflict detection and allocation of attentional resources within the same stimuli. We studied 34 subjects who underwent event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging while performing the VAC task. Increasing demand for attentional control, as reflected by longer reaction time and reduced accuracy, was associated with greater activation in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, parietal cortex and dorsal cingulate. Furthermore, an increase in conflict detection was associated with greater dorsal cingulate activity, whereas an increase in demand for allocation of attentional resources implied greater activation in the dorsolateral prefrontal and parietal cortices. In essence, in addition to allowing the exploration of the overall effects of increasing demand for attentional control, our novel task also allowed parsing of the neural components of attentional control into those related to allocation of attentional resources and those related to conflict detection.
Author	Rasetti, Roberta Alce, Guilna Zoltick, Brad Elvevåg, Brita Cohen, Jessica Bertolino, Alessandro Blasi, Giuseppe Goldberg, Terry E. Weinberger, Daniel R. Mattay, Venkata S.
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Giuseppe surname: Blasi fullname: Blasi, Giuseppe organization: CBDB, GCAP, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MA, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: Terry E. surname: Goldberg fullname: Goldberg, Terry E. organization: CBDB, GCAP, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MA, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: Brita surname: Elvevåg fullname: Elvevåg, Brita organization: CBDB, GCAP, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MA, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: Roberta surname: Rasetti fullname: Rasetti, Roberta organization: CBDB, GCAP, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MA, USA – sequence: 5 givenname: Alessandro surname: Bertolino fullname: Bertolino, Alessandro organization: CBDB, GCAP, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MA, USA – sequence: 6 givenname: Jessica surname: Cohen fullname: Cohen, Jessica organization: CBDB, GCAP, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MA, USA – sequence: 7 givenname: Guilna surname: Alce fullname: Alce, Guilna organization: CBDB, GCAP, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MA, USA – sequence: 8 givenname: Brad surname: Zoltick fullname: Zoltick, Brad organization: CBDB, GCAP, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MA, USA – sequence: 9 givenname: Daniel R. surname: Weinberger fullname: Weinberger, Daniel R. organization: CBDB, GCAP, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MA, USA – sequence: 10 givenname: Venkata S. surname: Mattay fullname: Mattay, Venkata S. organization: CBDB, GCAP, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MA, USA
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Snippet	Increasing demands for conflict detection and for allocation of attentional resources increase the need for attentional control. While prior evidence suggests... AbstractIncreasing demands for conflict detection and for allocation of attentional resources increase the need for attentional control. While prior evidence...
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StartPage	594
SubjectTerms	Adult Attention - physiology Brain Mapping Cerebral Cortex - blood supply Cerebral Cortex - physiology cingulate cortex Conflict (Psychology) dorsolateral prefrontal cortex Female fMRI Humans Image Processing, Computer-Assisted - methods Magnetic Resonance Imaging Male Neuropsychological Tests Oxygen - blood parietal cortex Reaction Time - physiology variable attentional control task
Title	Differentiating allocation of resources and conflict detection within attentional control processing
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