Microbial mediated arsenic biotransformation in wetlands

Arsenic （As） is a pervasive environmental toxin and carcinogenic metalloid. It ranks at the top of the US priority List of Hazardous Substances and causes worldwide human health problems. Wetlands, including natural and artificial ecosystems （i.e. paddy soils） are highly susceptible to As enrichment...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inFrontiers of environmental science & engineering Vol. 11; no. 1; pp. 5 - 15
Main Authors Zhang, Si-Yu, Williams, Paul N., Luo, Jinming, Zhu, Yong-Guan
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Beijing Higher Education Press 01.02.2017
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects
Aquatic plants
Arsenic
Biogeochemistry
Biotransformation
Carcinogens
Chemical reactions
Earth and Environmental Science
Environment
Feature Article
Hazardous materials
Health problems
Methylation
Microbes
Microorganisms
Oxidation
Switch
Toxins
Trace elements
Wetland
Wetlands
人工生态系统
介导
微生物
微量元素
湿地
生物催化反应
生物地球化学
生物转化
Arsenic
Switch
Wetland
Microbes
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Summary:Arsenic （As） is a pervasive environmental toxin and carcinogenic metalloid. It ranks at the top of the US priority List of Hazardous Substances and causes worldwide human health problems. Wetlands, including natural and artificial ecosystems （i.e. paddy soils） are highly susceptible to As enrichment; acting not only as repositories for water but a host of other elemental/chemical moieties. While macroscale processes （physical and geological） supply As to wetlands, it is the micro-scale biogeochemistry that regulates the fluxes of As and other trace elements from the semi-terrestrial to neighboring plant/ aquatic/atmospheric compartments. Among these fine-scale events, microbial mediated As biotransformations contribute most to the element＇s changing forms, acting as the ＇switch＇ in defining a wetland as either a source or sink of As. Much of our understanding of these important microbial catalyzed reactions follows relatively recent scientific discoveries. Here we document some of these key advances, with focuses on the implications that wetlands and their microbial mediated transformation pathways have on the global As cycle, the chemistries of microbial mediated As oxidation, reduction and methylation, and future research priorities areas.
Bibliography:Arsenic;Wetland;Microbes;Switch
Arsenic （As） is a pervasive environmental toxin and carcinogenic metalloid. It ranks at the top of the US priority List of Hazardous Substances and causes worldwide human health problems. Wetlands, including natural and artificial ecosystems （i.e. paddy soils） are highly susceptible to As enrichment; acting not only as repositories for water but a host of other elemental/chemical moieties. While macroscale processes （physical and geological） supply As to wetlands, it is the micro-scale biogeochemistry that regulates the fluxes of As and other trace elements from the semi-terrestrial to neighboring plant/ aquatic/atmospheric compartments. Among these fine-scale events, microbial mediated As biotransformations contribute most to the element＇s changing forms, acting as the ＇switch＇ in defining a wetland as either a source or sink of As. Much of our understanding of these important microbial catalyzed reactions follows relatively recent scientific discoveries. Here we document some of these key advances, with focuses on the implications that wetlands and their microbial mediated transformation pathways have on the global As cycle, the chemistries of microbial mediated As oxidation, reduction and methylation, and future research priorities areas.
10-1013/X
Document accepted on :2016-10-30
Document received on :2016-05-26
Arsenic
Switch
Wetland
Microbes
ISSN:2095-2201
2095-221X
DOI:10.1007/s11783-017-0893-y