Recent Progress in the Research of Eosinophilic Esophagitis and Gastroenteritis

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) and gastroenteritis are allergic gastrointestinal diseases mainly caused by food allergens. The number of patients with EoE is rapidly increasing in both Western and Asian countries. Basic knowledge of these diseases has mainly come from studies of EoE and Th2 type all...

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Published inDigestion Vol. 93; no. 1; pp. 7 - 12
Main Authors Kinoshita, Yoshikazu, Ishimura, Norihisa, Oshima, Naoki, Mikami, Hironobu, Okimoto, Eiko, Jiao, Di Jin, Ishihara, Shunji
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel, Switzerland S. Karger AG 01.01.2016
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Online AccessGet full text
ISBN3318058238
9783318058239
ISSN0012-2823
1421-9867
1421-9867
DOI10.1159/000441668

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Abstract Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) and gastroenteritis are allergic gastrointestinal diseases mainly caused by food allergens. The number of patients with EoE is rapidly increasing in both Western and Asian countries. Basic knowledge of these diseases has mainly come from studies of EoE and Th2 type allergic reactions, including IL-5, IL-13, and IL-15, thymic stromal protein, and eotaxin 3, which are considered to have important roles. For a diagnosis of EoE, endoscopic abnormalities and histological confirmation of dense eosinophile infiltration in the esophageal epithelial layer are important, in addition to identifying dysphagia symptoms. As for eosinophilic gastroenteritis, blood test findings are more useful and the role of an endoscopic examination is reduced. For both diseases, the infection rate of Helicobacter pylori is lower than in healthy controls. Glucocorticoid administration is standard treatment for these diseases, while proton pump inhibitors are frequently effective for EoE.
AbstractList Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) and gastroenteritis are allergic gastrointestinal diseases mainly caused by food allergens. The number of patients with EoE is rapidly increasing in both Western and Asian countries. Basic knowledge of these diseases has mainly come from studies of EoE and Th2 type allergic reactions, including IL-5, IL-13, and IL-15, thymic stromal protein, and eotaxin 3, which are considered to have important roles. For a diagnosis of EoE, endoscopic abnormalities and histological confirmation of dense eosinophile infiltration in the esophageal epithelial layer are important, in addition to identifying dysphagia symptoms. As for eosinophilic gastroenteritis, blood test findings are more useful and the role of an endoscopic examination is reduced. For both diseases, the infection rate of Helicobacter pylori is lower than in healthy controls. Glucocorticoid administration is standard treatment for these diseases, while proton pump inhibitors are frequently effective for EoE.
Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) and gastroenteritis are allergic gastrointestinal diseases mainly caused by food allergens. The number of patients with EoE is rapidly increasing in both Western and Asian countries. Basic knowledge of these diseases has mainly come from studies of EoE and Th2 type allergic reactions, including IL-5, IL-13, and IL-15, thymic stromal protein, and eotaxin 3, which are considered to have important roles. For a diagnosis of EoE, endoscopic abnormalities and histological confirmation of dense eosinophile infiltration in the esophageal epithelial layer are important, in addition to identifying dysphagia symptoms. As for eosinophilic gastroenteritis, blood test findings are more useful and the role of an endoscopic examination is reduced. For both diseases, the infection rate of Helicobacter pylori is lower than in healthy controls. Glucocorticoid administration is standard treatment for these diseases, while proton pump inhibitors are frequently effective for EoE.Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) and gastroenteritis are allergic gastrointestinal diseases mainly caused by food allergens. The number of patients with EoE is rapidly increasing in both Western and Asian countries. Basic knowledge of these diseases has mainly come from studies of EoE and Th2 type allergic reactions, including IL-5, IL-13, and IL-15, thymic stromal protein, and eotaxin 3, which are considered to have important roles. For a diagnosis of EoE, endoscopic abnormalities and histological confirmation of dense eosinophile infiltration in the esophageal epithelial layer are important, in addition to identifying dysphagia symptoms. As for eosinophilic gastroenteritis, blood test findings are more useful and the role of an endoscopic examination is reduced. For both diseases, the infection rate of Helicobacter pylori is lower than in healthy controls. Glucocorticoid administration is standard treatment for these diseases, while proton pump inhibitors are frequently effective for EoE.
Author Oshima, Naoki
Kinoshita, Yoshikazu
Mikami, Hironobu
Okimoto, Eiko
Jiao, Di Jin
Ishimura, Norihisa
Ishihara, Shunji
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Issue 1
Keywords Food allergy
Eosinophile
Dysphagia
Helicobacter pylori
Eotaxin
Language English
License Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.
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References_xml – reference: Fujishiro H, Amano Y, Kushiyama Y, et al: Eosinophilic esophagitis investigated by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in Japanese patients. J Gastroenterol 2011;46:1142-1144.
– reference: Liu AH: Hygiene theory and allergy and asthma prevention. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2007;21(suppl 3):2-7.
– reference: Vazquez-Elizondo G, Ngamruengphong S, Khrisna M, et al: The outcome of patients with oesophageal eosinophilic infiltration after an eight-week trial of a proton pump inhibitor. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2013;38:1312-1319.
– reference: Ishimura N, Furuta K, Sato S, et al: Limited role of allergy testing in patients with eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013;28:1306-1313.
– reference: Wolf WA, Jerath MR, Sperry SL, et al: Dietary elimination therapy is an effective option for adults with eosinophilic esophagitis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2014;12:1272-1279.
– reference: van Rhijn BD, Weijenborg PW, Verheij J, et al: Proton pump inhibitors partially restore mucosal integrity in patients with proton pump inhibitor-responsive esophageal eosinophilia but not eosinophilic esophagitis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2014;12:1815-1823.e2.
– reference: Pineton de Chambrun G, Gonzalez F, Canva JY, et al: Natural history of eosinophilic gastroenteritis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2011;9:950-956.e1.
– reference: Engler DB, Reuter S, van Wijck Y, et al: Effective treatment of allergic airway inflammation with Helicobacter pylori immunomodulators requires BATF3-dependent dendritic cells and IL-10. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014;111:11810-11815.
– reference: Dellon ES, Peery AF, Shaheen NJ, et al: Inverse association of esophageal eosinophilia with Helicobacter pylori based on analysis of a US pathology database. Gastroenterology 2011;141:1586-1592.
– reference: Kagalwalla AF, Shah A, Li BU, et al: Identification of specific foods responsible for inflammation in children with eosinophilic esophagitis successfully treated with empiric elimination diet. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2011;53:145-149.
– reference: Dranove JE, Horn DS, Davis MA, et al: Predictors of response to proton pump inhibitor therapy among children with significant esophageal eosinophilia. J Pediatr 2009;154:96-100.
– reference: Abe Y, Iijima K, Ohara S, et al: A Japanese case series of 12 patients with esophageal eosinophilia. J Gastroenterol 2011;46:25-30.
– reference: Straumann A, Bussmann C, Conus S, et al: Anti-TNF-alpha (infliximab) therapy for severe adult eosinophilic esophagitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2008;122:425-427.
– reference: Remedios M, Campbell C, Jones DM, et al: Eosinophilic esophagitis in adults: clinical, endoscopic, histologic findings, and response to treatment with fluticasone propionate. Gastrointest Endosc 2006;63:3-12.
– reference: Dellon ES, Speck O, Woodward K, et al: Clinical and endoscopic characteristics do not reliably differentiate PPI-responsive esophageal eosinophilia and eosinophilic esophagitis in patients undergoing upper endoscopy: a prospective cohort study. Am J Gastroenterol 2013;108:1854-1860.
– reference: Sherrill JD, Rothenberg ME: Genetic dissection of eosinophilic esophagitis provides insight into disease pathogenesis and treatment strategies. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011;128:23-32; quiz 33-34.
– reference: Nielsen JA, Lager DJ, Lewin M, et al: The optimal number of biopsy fragments to establish a morphologic diagnosis of eosinophilic esophagitis. Am J Gastroenterol 2014;109:515-520.
– reference: Blanchard C, Wang N, Stringer KF, et al: Eotaxin-3 and a uniquely conserved gene-expression profile in eosinophilic esophagitis. J Clin Invest 2006;116:536-547.
– reference: Mohammadi M, Czinn S, Redline R, et al: Helicobacter-specific cell-mediated immune responses display a predominant Th1 phenotype and promote a delayed-type hypersensitivity response in the stomachs of mice. J Immunol 1996;156:4729-4738.
– reference: Caldwell JM, Collins MH, Stucke EM, et al: Histologic eosinophilic gastritis is a systemic disorder associated with blood and extragastric eosinophilia, TH2 immunity, and a unique gastric transcriptome. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2014;134:1114-1124.
– reference: Prasad GA, Alexander JA, Schleck CD, et al: Epidemiology of eosinophilic esophagitis over three decades in Olmsted County, Minnesota. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2009;7:1055-1061.
– reference: Dellon ES, Rusin S, Gebhart JH, et al: Utility of a noninvasive serum biomarker panel for diagnosis and monitoring of eosinophilic esophagitis: a prospective study. Am J Gastroenterol 2015;110:821-827.
– reference: Kinoshita Y, Furuta K, Ishimura N, et al: Elevated plasma cytokines in Japanese patients with eosinophilic esophagitis and gastroenteritis. Digestion 2012;86:238-243.
– reference: Cheng E, Zhang X, Huo X, et al: Omeprazole blocks eotaxin-3 expression by oesophageal squamous cells from patients with eosinophilic oesophagitis and GORD. Gut 2013;62:824-832.
– reference: Shoda T, Morita H, Nomura I, et al: Comparison of gene expression profiles in eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) between Japan and western countries. Allergol Int 2015;64:260-265.
– reference: Foster B, Foroughi S, Yin Y, et al: Effect of anti-IgE therapy on food allergen specific T cell responses in eosinophil associated gastrointestinal disorders. Clin Mol Allergy 2011;9:7.
– reference: Peterson KA, Byrne KR, Vinson LA, et al: Elemental diet induces histologic response in adult eosinophilic esophagitis. Am J Gastroenterol 2013;108:759-766.
– reference: Markowitz JE, Spergel JM, Ruchelli E, et al: Elemental diet is an effective treatment for eosinophilic esophagitis in children and adolescents. Am J Gastroenterol 2003;98:777-782.
– reference: Spergel JM, Rothenberg ME, Collins MH, et al: Reslizumab in children and adolescents with eosinophilic esophagitis: results of a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012;129:456-463, 463.e1-e3.
– reference: Wen T, Stucke EM, Grotjan TM, et al: Molecular diagnosis of eosinophilic esophagitis by gene expression profiling. Gastroenterology 2013;145:1289-1299.
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Snippet Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) and gastroenteritis are allergic gastrointestinal diseases mainly caused by food allergens. The number of patients with EoE is...
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SubjectTerms Chemokine CCL26
Chemokines, CC - immunology
Enteritis - drug therapy
Enteritis - epidemiology
Enteritis - immunology
Eosinophilia - drug therapy
Eosinophilia - epidemiology
Eosinophilia - immunology
Eosinophilic Esophagitis - drug therapy
Eosinophilic Esophagitis - epidemiology
Eosinophilic Esophagitis - immunology
Food Hypersensitivity - drug therapy
Food Hypersensitivity - immunology
Gastritis - drug therapy
Gastritis - epidemiology
Gastritis - immunology
Glucocorticoids - therapeutic use
Helicobacter Infections - epidemiology
Helicobacter pylori
Humans
Interleukin-13 - immunology
Interleukin-15 - immunology
Interleukin-5 - immunology
Proton Pump Inhibitors - therapeutic use
Review
Th2 Cells - immunology
Title Recent Progress in the Research of Eosinophilic Esophagitis and Gastroenteritis
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26789117
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