Lower-limb lengths and angles in children older than six years: Reliability and reference values by EOS® stereoradiography
Lower-limb alignment in children is classically assessed clinically or based on conventional radiography, which is associated with projection bias. Low-dose biplanar radiography was described recently as an alternative to conventional imaging. The primary objective of this study was to assess the re...
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Published in | Orthopaedics & traumatology, surgery & research Vol. 104; no. 3; pp. 389 - 395 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , |
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01.05.2018
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Abstract | Lower-limb alignment in children is classically assessed clinically or based on conventional radiography, which is associated with projection bias. Low-dose biplanar radiography was described recently as an alternative to conventional imaging. The primary objective of this study was to assess the reliability of length and angle values inferred from 3D reconstructions in children seen in everyday practice. The secondary objective was to obtain reference values for goniometry parameters in children.
3D reconstructions can be used to assess the lower limbs in children.
The paediatric reliability study was done in 18 volunteers who were divided into three groups based on whether they were typically developing (TD) children, had skeletal development abnormalities, or had cerebral palsy. The reference data were obtained in 129 TD children. Each study participant underwent biplanar radiography with 3D reconstruction performed by experts and radiology technicians. Goniometry parameters were computed automatically. Reproducibility was assessed based on the intra-class coefficient (ICC) and the ISO 5725 standard (standard deviation of reproducibility, SDR).
For length parameters, the ICCs ranged from 0.94 to 1.00 and the SDR from 2.1 to 3.5mm. For angle parameters, the ICC and SDR ranges were 0.60–0.95 and 0.9°–4.6°, respectively. No significant differences were found across experts or radiology technicians. Age-specific reference data are reported.
These findings confirm the reliability of low-dose biplanar radiography for assessing lower-limb parameters in children seen in clinical practice. In addition, the study provides reference data for commonly measured parameters.
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AbstractList | Lower-limb alignment in children is classically assessed clinically or based on conventional radiography, which is associated with projection bias. Low-dose biplanar radiography was described recently as an alternative to conventional imaging. The primary objective of this study was to assess the reliability of length and angle values inferred from 3D reconstructions in children seen in everyday practice. The secondary objective was to obtain reference values for goniometry parameters in children. The paediatric reliability study was done in 18 volunteers who were divided into three groups based on whether they were typically developing (TD) children, had skeletal development abnormalities, or had cerebral palsy. The reference data were obtained in 129 TD children. Each study participant underwent biplanar radiography with 3D reconstruction performed by experts and radiology technicians. Goniometry parameters were computed automatically. Reproducibility was assessed based on the intra-class coefficient (ICC) and the ISO 5725 standard (standard deviation of reproducibility, SDR). For length parameters, the ICCs ranged from 0.94 to 1.00 and the SDR from 2.1 to 3.5 mm. For angle parameters, the ICC and SDR ranges were 0.60–0.95 and 0.9°–4.6°, respectively. No significant differences were found across experts or radiology technicians. Age-specific reference data are reported. These findings confirm the reliability of low-dose biplanar radiography for assessing lower-limb parameters in children seen in clinical practice. In addition, the study provides reference data for commonly measured parameters. Lower-limb alignment in children is classically assessed clinically or based on conventional radiography, which is associated with projection bias. Low-dose biplanar radiography was described recently as an alternative to conventional imaging. The primary objective of this study was to assess the reliability of length and angle values inferred from 3D reconstructions in children seen in everyday practice. The secondary objective was to obtain reference values for goniometry parameters in children. 3D reconstructions can be used to assess the lower limbs in children. The paediatric reliability study was done in 18 volunteers who were divided into three groups based on whether they were typically developing (TD) children, had skeletal development abnormalities, or had cerebral palsy. The reference data were obtained in 129 TD children. Each study participant underwent biplanar radiography with 3D reconstruction performed by experts and radiology technicians. Goniometry parameters were computed automatically. Reproducibility was assessed based on the intra-class coefficient (ICC) and the ISO 5725 standard (standard deviation of reproducibility, SDR). For length parameters, the ICCs ranged from 0.94 to 1.00 and the SDR from 2.1 to 3.5mm. For angle parameters, the ICC and SDR ranges were 0.60-0.95 and 0.9°-4.6°, respectively. No significant differences were found across experts or radiology technicians. Age-specific reference data are reported. These findings confirm the reliability of low-dose biplanar radiography for assessing lower-limb parameters in children seen in clinical practice. In addition, the study provides reference data for commonly measured parameters. IV. BACKGROUNDLower-limb alignment in children is classically assessed clinically or based on conventional radiography, which is associated with projection bias. Low-dose biplanar radiography was described recently as an alternative to conventional imaging. The primary objective of this study was to assess the reliability of length and angle values inferred from 3D reconstructions in children seen in everyday practice. The secondary objective was to obtain reference values for goniometry parameters in children. HYPOTHESIS3D reconstructions can be used to assess the lower limbs in children. MATERIAL AND METHODSThe paediatric reliability study was done in 18 volunteers who were divided into three groups based on whether they were typically developing (TD) children, had skeletal development abnormalities, or had cerebral palsy. The reference data were obtained in 129 TD children. Each study participant underwent biplanar radiography with 3D reconstruction performed by experts and radiology technicians. Goniometry parameters were computed automatically. Reproducibility was assessed based on the intra-class coefficient (ICC) and the ISO 5725 standard (standard deviation of reproducibility, SDR). RESULTSFor length parameters, the ICCs ranged from 0.94 to 1.00 and the SDR from 2.1 to 3.5mm. For angle parameters, the ICC and SDR ranges were 0.60-0.95 and 0.9°-4.6°, respectively. No significant differences were found across experts or radiology technicians. Age-specific reference data are reported. DISCUSSIONThese findings confirm the reliability of low-dose biplanar radiography for assessing lower-limb parameters in children seen in clinical practice. In addition, the study provides reference data for commonly measured parameters. LEVEL OF EVIDENCEIV. |
Author | Rampal, V. Wicart, P. Rohan, P.-Y. Ghanem, I. Simon, A.-L. Rosello, O. Assi, A. Merzoug, V. Gaumetou, E. Skalli, W. |
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CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1016_j_otsr_2018_07_023 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_clinbiomech_2023_105974 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_rcot_2022_09_014 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00402_023_05153_w crossref_primary_10_1007_s00586_020_06397_5 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_otsr_2021_103187 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_otsr_2019_11_013 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_rcot_2018_09_003 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_rcot_2019_12_011 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_rehab_2019_03_001 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_otsr_2022_103403 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_rcot_2021_12_010 |
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Keywords | Low-dose biplanar X-ray imaging Lower limb Paediatrics Orthopedics and Sports Medicine |
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Snippet | Lower-limb alignment in children is classically assessed clinically or based on conventional radiography, which is associated with projection bias. Low-dose... BACKGROUNDLower-limb alignment in children is classically assessed clinically or based on conventional radiography, which is associated with projection bias.... |
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SubjectTerms | Biomechanics Engineering Sciences Low-dose biplanar X-ray imaging Lower limb Mechanics Paediatrics |
Title | Lower-limb lengths and angles in children older than six years: Reliability and reference values by EOS® stereoradiography |
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