Contributions of sex to cerebrovascular function and pathology

• Published in: Brain research Vol. 1710; pp. 43 - 60
• Main Authors: Robison, Lisa S., Gannon, Olivia J., Salinero, Abigail E., Zuloaga, Kristen L.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.05.2019
• Subjects: Cerebrovascular disease; Dementia; Sex differences; Sex hormones; Stroke; Vascular; DHEA; eNOS; PR; BBB; TNF-alpha; HIF-1α; ICAM-1; HRT; H2O2; E2; HSD; iNOS; PAI-1; GDX; TBI; AngII; EC; Cerebrovascular disease; 3β-diol; VCID; CAA; CEE; HSP; NFκB; Sex differences; Vascular; IL-1β; ER; AR; MMP; VSM; Sex hormones; TXA2; ET-1; ARE; ZO; ROS; Pgp; ERE; HUVECs; tMCAO; Dementia; NADPH; NO; MCP-1; COX-2; CBF; CNS; LPS; DHT; CBVD; NLS; T; VaD; MCAO; PGE2; 5α–reductase; Stroke; P4; PGI2; VEGF; SOD; ICH; CADASIL; VCAM-1; TJ; GPER; JAM; pMCAO; EDHF; AQP-4

[Display omitted] •Sex differences exist in cerebrovascular function and pathology, with many effects mediated by sex hormones.•Throughout most of the lifespan, females are protected from cerebrovascular diseases.•Estrogens are generally protective against cerebrovascular pathology.•Progestins and a...