Comprehensive urinary metabolomic profiling and identification of potential noninvasive marker for idiopathic Parkinson’s disease

• Published in: Scientific reports Vol. 5; no. 1; p. 13888
• Main Authors: Luan, Hemi, Liu, Liang-Feng, Tang, Zhi, Zhang, Manwen, Chua, Ka-Kit, Song, Ju-Xian, Mok, Vincent C.T., Li, Min, Cai, Zongwei
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 14.09.2015; Nature Publishing Group
• Subjects: 631/45/320; 692/53/2421; 692/699/375/1718; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Amino acids; Amino Acids - metabolism; Biomarkers - urine; Biosynthesis; Case-Control Studies; Chromatography; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Discriminant Analysis; Disease Progression; Female; Gas chromatography; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Glycine; Humanities and Social Sciences; Humans; Least-Squares Analysis; Liquid chromatography; Male; Mass Spectrometry; Mass spectroscopy; Metabolism; Metabolites; Metabolome; Metabolomics; Middle Aged; Movement disorders; multidisciplinary; Neurodegenerative diseases; Parkinson Disease - metabolism; Parkinson Disease - pathology; Parkinson's disease; Phenotype; Phenotyping; Phenylalanine; Quality control; Science; Scientific imaging; Severity of Illness Index; Tryptophan; Urine
• DOI: 10.1038/srep13888
• ISSN: 2045-2322

Urine metabolic phenotyping has been associated with the development of Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, few studies using a comprehensive metabolomics approach have investigated the correlation between changes in the urinary markers and the progression of clinical symptoms in PD. A comprehensive metabolomic study with robust quality control procedures was performed using gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC - MS) and liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry (LC - MS) to characterize the urinary metabolic phenotypes of idiopathic PD patients at three stages (early, middle and advanced) and normal control subjects, with the aim of discovering potential urinary metabolite markers for the diagnosis of idiopathic PD. Both GC-MS and LC-MS metabolic profiles of idiopathic PD patients differed significantly from those of normal control subjects. 18 differentially expressed metabolites were identified as constituting a unique metabolic marker associated with the progression of idiopathic PD. Related metabolic pathway variations were observed in branched chain amino acid metabolism, glycine derivation, steroid hormone biosynthesis, tryptophan metabolism and phenylalanine metabolism. Comprehensive, successive metabolomic profiling revealed changes in the urinary markers associated with progression of idiopathic PD. This profiling relies on noninvasive sampling and is complementary to existing clinical modalities.