Nonlinearly Weighted First-order Regression for Denoising Monte Carlo Renderings

We address the problem of denoising Monte Carlo renderings by studying existing approaches and proposing a new algorithm that yields state‐of‐the‐art performance on a wide range of scenes. We analyze existing approaches from a theoretical and empirical point of view, relating the strengths and limit...

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Published inComputer graphics forum Vol. 35; no. 4; pp. 107 - 117
Main Authors Bitterli, Benedikt, Rousselle, Fabrice, Moon, Bochang, Iglesias-Guitián, José A., Adler, David, Mitchell, Kenny, Jarosz, Wojciech, Novák, Jan
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Oxford Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.07.2016
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Abstract We address the problem of denoising Monte Carlo renderings by studying existing approaches and proposing a new algorithm that yields state‐of‐the‐art performance on a wide range of scenes. We analyze existing approaches from a theoretical and empirical point of view, relating the strengths and limitations of their corresponding components with an emphasis on production requirements. The observations of our analysis instruct the design of our new filter that offers high‐quality results and stable performance. A key observation of our analysis is that using auxiliary buffers (normal, albedo, etc.) to compute the regression weights greatly improves the robustness of zero‐order models, but can be detrimental to first‐order models. Consequently, our filter performs a first‐order regression leveraging a rich set of auxiliary buffers only when fitting the data, and, unlike recent works, considers the pixel color alone when computing the regression weights. We further improve the quality of our output by using a collaborative denoising scheme. Lastly, we introduce a general mean squared error estimator, which can handle the collaborative nature of our filter and its nonlinear weights, to automatically set the bandwidth of our regression kernel.
AbstractList We address the problem of denoising Monte Carlo renderings by studying existing approaches and proposing a new algorithm that yields state‐of‐the‐art performance on a wide range of scenes. We analyze existing approaches from a theoretical and empirical point of view, relating the strengths and limitations of their corresponding components with an emphasis on production requirements. The observations of our analysis instruct the design of our new filter that offers high‐quality results and stable performance. A key observation of our analysis is that using auxiliary buffers (normal, albedo, etc.) to compute the regression weights greatly improves the robustness of zero‐order models, but can be detrimental to first‐order models. Consequently, our filter performs a first‐order regression leveraging a rich set of auxiliary buffers only when fitting the data, and, unlike recent works, considers the pixel color alone when computing the regression weights. We further improve the quality of our output by using a collaborative denoising scheme. Lastly, we introduce a general mean squared error estimator, which can handle the collaborative nature of our filter and its nonlinear weights, to automatically set the bandwidth of our regression kernel.
Author Rousselle, Fabrice
Iglesias-Guitián, José A.
Adler, David
Bitterli, Benedikt
Mitchell, Kenny
Novák, Jan
Jarosz, Wojciech
Moon, Bochang
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  surname: Bitterli
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  givenname: Fabrice
  surname: Rousselle
  fullname: Rousselle, Fabrice
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  givenname: Bochang
  surname: Moon
  fullname: Moon, Bochang
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  givenname: José A.
  surname: Iglesias-Guitián
  fullname: Iglesias-Guitián, José A.
  organization: Disney Research
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  surname: Adler
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  organization: Walt Disney Animation Studios
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  surname: Mitchell
  fullname: Mitchell, Kenny
  organization: Disney Research
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  givenname: Wojciech
  surname: Jarosz
  fullname: Jarosz, Wojciech
  organization: Dartmouth College
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  givenname: Jan
  surname: Novák
  fullname: Novák, Jan
  organization: Disney Research
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Copyright 2016 The Author(s) Computer Graphics Forum © 2016 The Eurographics Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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References_xml – reference: Van de Ville D., Kocher M.: Sure-based non-local means. IEEE Signal Process. Lett. 16, 11 (2009), 973-976. 2
– reference: Li T.-M., Wu Y.-T., Chuang Y.-Y.: Sure-based optimization for adaptive sampling and reconstruction. ACM Trans. Graph. (Proc. SIGGRAPH Asia) 31, 6 (Nov. 2012), 194:1-194:9. 2, 4
– reference: Bauszat P., Eisemann M., Eisemann E., Magnor M.: General and robust error estimation and reconstruction for Monte Carlo rendering. Computer Graphics Forum 34, 2 (2015), 597-608. 4, 5
– reference: Delbracio M., Musé P., Buades A., Chauvier J., Phelps N., Morel J.-M.: Boosting Monte Carlo rendering by ray histogram fusion. ACM Trans. Graph. 33, 1 (Feb. 2014), 8:1-8:15. 2, 3, 8, 9
– reference: Petschnigg G., Szeliski R., Agrawala M., Cohen M., Hoppe H., Toyama K.: Digital photography with flash and no-flash image pairs. ACM Trans. Graph. (Proc. SIGGRAPH) 23, 3 (Aug. 2004), 664-672. 2
– reference: Rousselle F., Manzi M., Zwicker M.: Robust denoising using feature and color information. Comp. Graph. Forum (Proc. of Pacific Graphics) 32, 7 (2013), 121-130. 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8
– reference: Xu R., Pattanaik S.: A novel Monte Carlo noise reduction operator. IEEE Comput. Graph. Appl. 25, 2 (2005), 31-35. 2
– reference: Takeda H., Farsiu S., Milanfar P.: Kernel regression for image processing and reconstruction. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 16, 2 (Feb 2007), 349-366. 3
– reference: Kalantari N.K., Bako S., Sen P.: A machine learning approach for filtering Monte Carlo noise. ACM Trans. Graph. (Proc. SIGGRAPH) 34, 4 (July 2015), 122:1-122:12. 2, 3, 4, 8
– reference: Moon B., Iglesias-Guitian J.A., Yoon S.-E., Mitchell K.: Adaptive rendering with linear predictions. ACM Trans. Graph. (Proc. SIGGRAPH) 34, 4 (July 2015), 121:1-121:11. 2, 5, 7
– reference: Zwicker M., Jarosz W., Lehtinen J., Moon B., Ramamoorthi R., Rousselle F., Sen P., Soler C., Yoon S.-E.: Recent advances in adaptive sampling and reconstruction for Monte Carlo rendering. Comp. Graph. Forum (Proc. Eurographics) 34, 2 (May 2015), 667-681. 1, 2
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Snippet We address the problem of denoising Monte Carlo renderings by studying existing approaches and proposing a new algorithm that yields state‐of‐the‐art...
We address the problem of denoising Monte Carlo renderings by studying existing approaches and proposing a new algorithm that yields state-of-the-art...
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SubjectTerms Algorithms
Buffers
Categories and Subject Descriptors (according to ACM CCS)
Collaboration
Computer graphics
Computer simulation
I.3.7 [Computer Graphics]: Three-Dimensional Graphics and Realism-Raytracing
I.4.3 [Computer Graphics]: Enhancement-Filtering
Monte Carlo methods
Monte Carlo simulation
Noise reduction
Regression
Regression analysis
Rendering
Studies
Title Nonlinearly Weighted First-order Regression for Denoising Monte Carlo Renderings
URI https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/WNG-TXF9MS4Z-M/fulltext.pdf
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111%2Fcgf.12954
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https://www.proquest.com/docview/1835623712
Volume 35
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