Biological transformation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) by soil bacteria isolated from TNT-contaminated soil
Four Pseudomonas spp. were isolated from a soil consortium enriched from soil contaminated with 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT). All four species extensively transformed TNT. The rate of transformation varied among species. In isolate 4, 100% of TNT (100 ppm) was transformed in 4 days. The TNT transform...
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Published in | Bioresource technology Vol. 47; no. 1; pp. 19 - 24 |
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Main Authors | , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Oxford
Elsevier Ltd
1994
Elsevier Science |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Four Pseudomonas spp. were isolated from a soil consortium enriched from soil contaminated with 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT). All four species extensively transformed TNT. The rate of transformation varied among species. In isolate 4, 100% of TNT (100 ppm) was transformed in 4 days. The TNT transformation was achieved by the four isolates through a co-metabolic process with a succinate co-substrate. The four isolates produced NO
2
− from TNT. The maximum NO
2
− production, observed for isolate 1, was equal to 30% of the NO
2
− available from the nitro groups of TNT. For other isolates the NO
2
− production varied from 10 to 16%. The radiolabeling studies showed signs ring cleavage. Isolate 3 used 13% of
14C-TNT to make cellular material, and isolate 4 converted 6% of
14C-TNT to biomass. The production of
14C-CO
2 was observed for all four isolates, but the amount of
14C-CO
2 produced was quite low: isolate 4 produced
14C-CO
2 from approximately 1% of
14C-TNT. The rate of degradation of TNT intermediates was very slow, reflecting possible difficulties in metabolizing the intermediates of TNT to CO
2. The main intermediates were identified as 4-amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene and 2-amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene. |
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Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23 |
ISSN: | 0960-8524 1873-2976 |
DOI: | 10.1016/0960-8524(94)90023-X |