The Relationship between the Mediterranean Diet and Vascular Stiffness, Metabolic Syndrome, and Its Components in People over 65 Years of Age
Objectives: The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between the Mediterranean diet (MD) and vascular stiffness and metabolic syndrome (MetS), as well as its components in individuals over the age of 65, overall and by sex. Methods: The subjects of the study were people over 65 years of...
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| Published in | Nutrients Vol. 16; no. 20; p. 3464 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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12.10.2024
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| Abstract | Objectives: The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between the Mediterranean diet (MD) and vascular stiffness and metabolic syndrome (MetS), as well as its components in individuals over the age of 65, overall and by sex. Methods: The subjects of the study were people over 65 years of age, with a full record of all variables analyzed from the EVA, MARK, and EVIDENT studies. Data from 1280 subjects with a mean age of 69.52 ± 3.58 years (57.5% men) were analyzed. The MD was recorded with the validated 14 item MEDAS questionnaire. MetS was defined following the guidelines of the joint scientific statement from the Programa Nacional de Educación sobre el Colesterol III. Vascular stiffness was evaluated with the VaSera VS-1500® device by measuring the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) and the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). Results: The mean MEDAS score was 6.00 ± 1.90, (5.92 ± 1.92 in males, 6.11 ± 1.88 in females; p = 0.036). CAVI: 9.30 ± 1.11 (9.49 ± 1.05 males, 9.03 ± 1.13 females; p = <0.001). baPWV: 15.82 ± 2.56 (15.75 ± 2.46 males, 15.92 ± 2.68 females; p = <0.001). MetS was found in 51% (49% males, 54% females; p = 0.036). Subjects with MetS had lower MD adherence and higher vascular stiffness values than subjects without MetS. Overall, we found a negative association with MD score and the number of MetS components (β = −0.168), with glycemia (β = −0.007), triglycerides (β = −0.003), waist circumference (β = −0.018), CAVI (β = −0.196) and baPWV (β = −0.065), and a positive association with HDL cholesterol (β = 0.013). Regarding sex, associations followed the same direction but without reaching statistical significance with blood glucose and triglycerides in females and with HDL cholesterol and waist circumference in males. Conclusions: The results indicate that greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet decreases vascular stiffness and the percentage of subjects with MetS, although results differed in the association with MetS components by sex. |
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| AbstractList | Objectives: The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between the Mediterranean diet (MD) and vascular stiffness and metabolic syndrome (MetS), as well as its components in individuals over the age of 65, overall and by sex. Methods: The subjects of the study were people over 65 years of age, with a full record of all variables analyzed from the EVA, MARK, and EVIDENT studies. Data from 1280 subjects with a mean age of 69.52 ± 3.58 years (57.5% men) were analyzed. The MD was recorded with the validated 14 item MEDAS questionnaire. MetS was defined following the guidelines of the joint scientific statement from the Programa Nacional de Educación sobre el Colesterol III. Vascular stiffness was evaluated with the VaSera VS-1500
®
device by measuring the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) and the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). Results: The mean MEDAS score was 6.00 ± 1.90, (5.92 ± 1.92 in males, 6.11 ± 1.88 in females;
p
= 0.036). CAVI: 9.30 ± 1.11 (9.49 ± 1.05 males, 9.03 ± 1.13 females;
p
= <0.001). baPWV: 15.82 ± 2.56 (15.75 ± 2.46 males, 15.92 ± 2.68 females;
p
= <0.001). MetS was found in 51% (49% males, 54% females;
p
= 0.036). Subjects with MetS had lower MD adherence and higher vascular stiffness values than subjects without MetS. Overall, we found a negative association with MD score and the number of MetS components (β = −0.168), with glycemia (β = −0.007), triglycerides (β = −0.003), waist circumference (β = −0.018), CAVI (β = −0.196) and baPWV (β = −0.065), and a positive association with HDL cholesterol (β = 0.013). Regarding sex, associations followed the same direction but without reaching statistical significance with blood glucose and triglycerides in females and with HDL cholesterol and waist circumference in males. Conclusions: The results indicate that greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet decreases vascular stiffness and the percentage of subjects with MetS, although results differed in the association with MetS components by sex. Objectives: The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between the Mediterranean diet (MD) and vascular stiffness and metabolic syndrome (MetS), as well as its components in individuals over the age of 65, overall and by sex. Methods: The subjects of the study were people over 65 years of age, with a full record of all variables analyzed from the EVA, MARK, and EVIDENT studies. Data from 1280 subjects with a mean age of 69.52 ± 3.58 years (57.5% men) were analyzed. The MD was recorded with the validated 14 item MEDAS questionnaire. MetS was defined following the guidelines of the joint scientific statement from the Programa Nacional de Educación sobre el Colesterol III. Vascular stiffness was evaluated with the VaSera VS-1500® device by measuring the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) and the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). Results: The mean MEDAS score was 6.00 ± 1.90, (5.92 ± 1.92 in males, 6.11 ± 1.88 in females; p = 0.036). CAVI: 9.30 ± 1.11 (9.49 ± 1.05 males, 9.03 ± 1.13 females; p = <0.001). baPWV: 15.82 ± 2.56 (15.75 ± 2.46 males, 15.92 ± 2.68 females; p = <0.001). MetS was found in 51% (49% males, 54% females; p = 0.036). Subjects with MetS had lower MD adherence and higher vascular stiffness values than subjects without MetS. Overall, we found a negative association with MD score and the number of MetS components (β = −0.168), with glycemia (β = −0.007), triglycerides (β = −0.003), waist circumference (β = −0.018), CAVI (β = −0.196) and baPWV (β = −0.065), and a positive association with HDL cholesterol (β = 0.013). Regarding sex, associations followed the same direction but without reaching statistical significance with blood glucose and triglycerides in females and with HDL cholesterol and waist circumference in males. Conclusions: The results indicate that greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet decreases vascular stiffness and the percentage of subjects with MetS, although results differed in the association with MetS components by sex. The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between the Mediterranean diet (MD) and vascular stiffness and metabolic syndrome (MetS), as well as its components in individuals over the age of 65, overall and by sex. The subjects of the study were people over 65 years of age, with a full record of all variables analyzed from the EVA, MARK, and EVIDENT studies. Data from 1280 subjects with a mean age of 69.52 ± 3.58 years (57.5% men) were analyzed. The MD was recorded with the validated 14 item MEDAS questionnaire. MetS was defined following the guidelines of the joint scientific statement from the Programa Nacional de Educación sobre el Colesterol III. Vascular stiffness was evaluated with the VaSera VS-1500 device by measuring the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) and the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). The mean MEDAS score was 6.00 ± 1.90, (5.92 ± 1.92 in males, 6.11 ± 1.88 in females; = 0.036). CAVI: 9.30 ± 1.11 (9.49 ± 1.05 males, 9.03 ± 1.13 females; = <0.001). baPWV: 15.82 ± 2.56 (15.75 ± 2.46 males, 15.92 ± 2.68 females; = <0.001). MetS was found in 51% (49% males, 54% females; = 0.036). Subjects with MetS had lower MD adherence and higher vascular stiffness values than subjects without MetS. Overall, we found a negative association with MD score and the number of MetS components (β = -0.168), with glycemia (β = -0.007), triglycerides (β = -0.003), waist circumference (β = -0.018), CAVI (β = -0.196) and baPWV (β = -0.065), and a positive association with HDL cholesterol (β = 0.013). Regarding sex, associations followed the same direction but without reaching statistical significance with blood glucose and triglycerides in females and with HDL cholesterol and waist circumference in males. The results indicate that greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet decreases vascular stiffness and the percentage of subjects with MetS, although results differed in the association with MetS components by sex. Objectives: The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between the Mediterranean diet (MD) and vascular stiffness and metabolic syndrome (MetS), as well as its components in individuals over the age of 65, overall and by sex. Methods: The subjects of the study were people over 65 years of age, with a full record of all variables analyzed from the EVA, MARK, and EVIDENT studies. Data from 1280 subjects with a mean age of 69.52 ± 3.58 years (57.5% men) were analyzed. The MD was recorded with the validated 14 item MEDAS questionnaire. MetS was defined following the guidelines of the joint scientific statement from the Programa Nacional de Educación sobre el Colesterol III. Vascular stiffness was evaluated with the VaSera VS-1500[sup.®] device by measuring the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) and the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). Results: The mean MEDAS score was 6.00 ± 1.90, (5.92 ± 1.92 in males, 6.11 ± 1.88 in females; p = 0.036). CAVI: 9.30 ± 1.11 (9.49 ± 1.05 males, 9.03 ± 1.13 females; p = <0.001). baPWV: 15.82 ± 2.56 (15.75 ± 2.46 males, 15.92 ± 2.68 females; p = <0.001). MetS was found in 51% (49% males, 54% females; p = 0.036). Subjects with MetS had lower MD adherence and higher vascular stiffness values than subjects without MetS. Overall, we found a negative association with MD score and the number of MetS components (β = −0.168), with glycemia (β = −0.007), triglycerides (β = −0.003), waist circumference (β = −0.018), CAVI (β = −0.196) and baPWV (β = −0.065), and a positive association with HDL cholesterol (β = 0.013). Regarding sex, associations followed the same direction but without reaching statistical significance with blood glucose and triglycerides in females and with HDL cholesterol and waist circumference in males. Conclusions: The results indicate that greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet decreases vascular stiffness and the percentage of subjects with MetS, although results differed in the association with MetS components by sex. The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between the Mediterranean diet (MD) and vascular stiffness and metabolic syndrome (MetS), as well as its components in individuals over the age of 65, overall and by sex.OBJECTIVESThe aim of the study was to examine the relationship between the Mediterranean diet (MD) and vascular stiffness and metabolic syndrome (MetS), as well as its components in individuals over the age of 65, overall and by sex.The subjects of the study were people over 65 years of age, with a full record of all variables analyzed from the EVA, MARK, and EVIDENT studies. Data from 1280 subjects with a mean age of 69.52 ± 3.58 years (57.5% men) were analyzed. The MD was recorded with the validated 14 item MEDAS questionnaire. MetS was defined following the guidelines of the joint scientific statement from the Programa Nacional de Educación sobre el Colesterol III. Vascular stiffness was evaluated with the VaSera VS-1500® device by measuring the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) and the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV).METHODSThe subjects of the study were people over 65 years of age, with a full record of all variables analyzed from the EVA, MARK, and EVIDENT studies. Data from 1280 subjects with a mean age of 69.52 ± 3.58 years (57.5% men) were analyzed. The MD was recorded with the validated 14 item MEDAS questionnaire. MetS was defined following the guidelines of the joint scientific statement from the Programa Nacional de Educación sobre el Colesterol III. Vascular stiffness was evaluated with the VaSera VS-1500® device by measuring the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) and the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV).The mean MEDAS score was 6.00 ± 1.90, (5.92 ± 1.92 in males, 6.11 ± 1.88 in females; p = 0.036). CAVI: 9.30 ± 1.11 (9.49 ± 1.05 males, 9.03 ± 1.13 females; p = <0.001). baPWV: 15.82 ± 2.56 (15.75 ± 2.46 males, 15.92 ± 2.68 females; p = <0.001). MetS was found in 51% (49% males, 54% females; p = 0.036). Subjects with MetS had lower MD adherence and higher vascular stiffness values than subjects without MetS. Overall, we found a negative association with MD score and the number of MetS components (β = -0.168), with glycemia (β = -0.007), triglycerides (β = -0.003), waist circumference (β = -0.018), CAVI (β = -0.196) and baPWV (β = -0.065), and a positive association with HDL cholesterol (β = 0.013). Regarding sex, associations followed the same direction but without reaching statistical significance with blood glucose and triglycerides in females and with HDL cholesterol and waist circumference in males.RESULTSThe mean MEDAS score was 6.00 ± 1.90, (5.92 ± 1.92 in males, 6.11 ± 1.88 in females; p = 0.036). CAVI: 9.30 ± 1.11 (9.49 ± 1.05 males, 9.03 ± 1.13 females; p = <0.001). baPWV: 15.82 ± 2.56 (15.75 ± 2.46 males, 15.92 ± 2.68 females; p = <0.001). MetS was found in 51% (49% males, 54% females; p = 0.036). Subjects with MetS had lower MD adherence and higher vascular stiffness values than subjects without MetS. Overall, we found a negative association with MD score and the number of MetS components (β = -0.168), with glycemia (β = -0.007), triglycerides (β = -0.003), waist circumference (β = -0.018), CAVI (β = -0.196) and baPWV (β = -0.065), and a positive association with HDL cholesterol (β = 0.013). Regarding sex, associations followed the same direction but without reaching statistical significance with blood glucose and triglycerides in females and with HDL cholesterol and waist circumference in males.The results indicate that greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet decreases vascular stiffness and the percentage of subjects with MetS, although results differed in the association with MetS components by sex.CONCLUSIONSThe results indicate that greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet decreases vascular stiffness and the percentage of subjects with MetS, although results differed in the association with MetS components by sex. |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Gonzalez-Sánchez, Susana Rodríguez-Sánchez, Emiliano Agudo-Conde, Cristina García-Ortiz, Luis Lugones-Sánchez, Cristina Gómez-Marcos, Manuel A. Gómez-Sánchez, Leticia Gómez-Sánchez, Marta |
| AuthorAffiliation | 7 Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas y del Diagnóstico, Universidad de Salamanca, C. Alfonso X el Sabio, s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain 4 Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Paseo de San Vicente, 182, 37007 Salamanca, Spain 6 Gerencia de Atención Primaria de Salud de Castilla y León (SACyL), Avenida Portugal 83, 2º Planta, 37005 Salamanca, Spain 8 Facultad de Enfermería y Fisioterapia, Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, C. Donantes de Sangre, s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain 9 Departmento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, C. Alfonso X el Sabio, s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain 5 Red de Investigación en Cronicidad, Atención Primaria y Promoción de la Salud (RICAPPS), Avenida Portugal 83, 2º P, 37005 Salamanca, Spain 1 Unidad de Investigación en Atención Primaria de Salamanca (APISAL), Centro de Salud de San Juan, Avenida Portugal 83, 2º Planta, 37005 Salamanca, Spain; leticiagmzsnchz@gmail.com (L.G.-S.); lgarciao@usal.es (L |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 2 Servicio de Urgencias, Hospital Universitario de La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana, 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain; martagmzsnchz@gmail.com – name: 1 Unidad de Investigación en Atención Primaria de Salamanca (APISAL), Centro de Salud de San Juan, Avenida Portugal 83, 2º Planta, 37005 Salamanca, Spain; leticiagmzsnchz@gmail.com (L.G.-S.); lgarciao@usal.es (L.G.-O.); cagudoconde@usal.es (C.A.-C.); cristinals@usal.es (C.L.-S.); gongar04@gmail.com (S.G.-S.) – name: 7 Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas y del Diagnóstico, Universidad de Salamanca, C. Alfonso X el Sabio, s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain – name: 4 Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Paseo de San Vicente, 182, 37007 Salamanca, Spain – name: 9 Departmento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, C. Alfonso X el Sabio, s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain – name: 8 Facultad de Enfermería y Fisioterapia, Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, C. Donantes de Sangre, s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain – name: 3 Servicio de Hospitalización a Domicilio, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Avenida de Valdecilla, s/n, 39008 Santander, Spain – name: 5 Red de Investigación en Cronicidad, Atención Primaria y Promoción de la Salud (RICAPPS), Avenida Portugal 83, 2º P, 37005 Salamanca, Spain – name: 6 Gerencia de Atención Primaria de Salud de Castilla y León (SACyL), Avenida Portugal 83, 2º Planta, 37005 Salamanca, Spain |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Leticia orcidid: 0000-0001-8663-9339 surname: Gómez-Sánchez fullname: Gómez-Sánchez, Leticia – sequence: 2 givenname: Marta surname: Gómez-Sánchez fullname: Gómez-Sánchez, Marta – sequence: 3 givenname: Luis surname: García-Ortiz fullname: García-Ortiz, Luis – sequence: 4 givenname: Cristina surname: Agudo-Conde fullname: Agudo-Conde, Cristina – sequence: 5 givenname: Cristina surname: Lugones-Sánchez fullname: Lugones-Sánchez, Cristina – sequence: 6 givenname: Susana surname: Gonzalez-Sánchez fullname: Gonzalez-Sánchez, Susana – sequence: 7 givenname: Emiliano orcidid: 0000-0003-3667-7155 surname: Rodríguez-Sánchez fullname: Rodríguez-Sánchez, Emiliano – sequence: 8 givenname: Manuel A. orcidid: 0000-0003-0133-6123 surname: Gómez-Marcos fullname: Gómez-Marcos, Manuel A. |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39458459$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Keywords | metabolic syndrome vascular stiffness cardio-ankle vascular index Mediterranean diet brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity |
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| License | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
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| Title | The Relationship between the Mediterranean Diet and Vascular Stiffness, Metabolic Syndrome, and Its Components in People over 65 Years of Age |
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