Risk factors for vitamin D deficiency and relationship with cardiac biomarkers, inflammation and immune restoration in HIV-infected youth
Vitamin D deficiency is common in HIV-infected individuals. In adults, traditional and HIV-related factors play a role in vitamin D status, and deficiency appears to impair immune restoration and exacerbate HIV complications, like cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study sought to determine factors...
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Published in | Antiviral therapy Vol. 17; no. 6; pp. 1069 - 1078 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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London
International Medical Press
01.01.2012
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Abstract | Vitamin D deficiency is common in HIV-infected individuals. In adults, traditional and HIV-related factors play a role in vitamin D status, and deficiency appears to impair immune restoration and exacerbate HIV complications, like cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study sought to determine factors contributing to vitamin D status in HIV-infected youth and investigate the relationship with CVD risk, inflammation and immune restoration.
HIV-infected subjects (1-25 years old) were enrolled prospectively along with healthy controls that were group-matched by age, sex and race. HIV data were collected for the HIV-infected group, while traditional risk factors, including vitamin D intake, sun exposure, skin pigmentation, physical activity level and body mass index (BMI) were collected for both groups. Fasting lipids, plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D), and inflammation markers were measured.
In total, 200 HIV-infected subjects and 50 controls were enrolled. HIV group had 53% male, 95% Black and a mean age of 17.2 ±4.6 years. There was no difference in 25(OH)D between groups; 77% of HIV+ and 74% of controls had 25(OH)D<20 ng/ml. Only Fitzpatrick skin type was independently associated with 25(OH)D. No HIV variables were associated with 25(OH)D, even when HIV sub-populations were examined. Inflammation, CVD risk factors and immune restoration were not independently associated with 25(OH)D.
Vitamin D deficiency is common among HIV-infected youth. However, HIV factors, CVD risk, inflammation and immune restoration do not appear to have the same relationship with vitamin D as has been shown in adults. Supplementation trials are needed to determine if increasing 25(OH)D concentrations could better elucidate these relationships. |
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AbstractList | BACKGROUNDVitamin D deficiency is common in HIV-infected individuals. In adults, traditional and HIV-related factors play a role in vitamin D status, and deficiency appears to impair immune restoration and exacerbate HIV complications, like cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study sought to determine factors contributing to vitamin D status in HIV-infected youth and investigate the relationship with CVD risk, inflammation and immune restoration. METHODSHIV-infected subjects (1-25 years old) were enrolled prospectively along with healthy controls that were group-matched by age, sex and race. HIV data were collected for the HIV-infected group, while traditional risk factors, including vitamin D intake, sun exposure, skin pigmentation, physical activity level and body mass index (BMI) were collected for both groups. Fasting lipids, plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D), and inflammation markers were measured. RESULTSIn total, 200 HIV-infected subjects and 50 controls were enrolled. HIV group had 53% male, 95% Black and a mean age of 17.2 ±4.6 years. There was no difference in 25(OH)D between groups; 77% of HIV+ and 74% of controls had 25(OH)D<20 ng/ml. Only Fitzpatrick skin type was independently associated with 25(OH)D. No HIV variables were associated with 25(OH)D, even when HIV sub-populations were examined. Inflammation, CVD risk factors and immune restoration were not independently associated with 25(OH)D. CONCLUSIONSVitamin D deficiency is common among HIV-infected youth. However, HIV factors, CVD risk, inflammation and immune restoration do not appear to have the same relationship with vitamin D as has been shown in adults. Supplementation trials are needed to determine if increasing 25(OH)D concentrations could better elucidate these relationships. Vitamin D deficiency is common in HIV-infected individuals. In adults, traditional and HIV-related factors play a role in vitamin D status, and deficiency appears to impair immune restoration and exacerbate HIV complications, like cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study sought to determine factors contributing to vitamin D status in HIV-infected youth and investigate the relationship with CVD risk, inflammation and immune restoration. HIV-infected subjects (1-25 years old) were enrolled prospectively along with healthy controls that were group-matched by age, sex and race. HIV data were collected for the HIV-infected group, while traditional risk factors, including vitamin D intake, sun exposure, skin pigmentation, physical activity level and body mass index (BMI) were collected for both groups. Fasting lipids, plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D), and inflammation markers were measured. In total, 200 HIV-infected subjects and 50 controls were enrolled. HIV group had 53% male, 95% Black and a mean age of 17.2 ±4.6 years. There was no difference in 25(OH)D between groups; 77% of HIV+ and 74% of controls had 25(OH)D<20 ng/ml. Only Fitzpatrick skin type was independently associated with 25(OH)D. No HIV variables were associated with 25(OH)D, even when HIV sub-populations were examined. Inflammation, CVD risk factors and immune restoration were not independently associated with 25(OH)D. Vitamin D deficiency is common among HIV-infected youth. However, HIV factors, CVD risk, inflammation and immune restoration do not appear to have the same relationship with vitamin D as has been shown in adults. Supplementation trials are needed to determine if increasing 25(OH)D concentrations could better elucidate these relationships. Background: Vitamin D deficiency is common in HIV-infected individuals. In adults, traditional and HIV-related factors play a role in vitamin D status, and deficiency appears to impair immune restoration and exacerbate HIV complications, like cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study sought to determine factors contributing to vitamin D status in HIV-infected youth and investigate the relationship with CVD risk, inflammation and immune restoration. Methods: HIV-infected subjects (1-25 years old) were enrolled prospectively along with healthy controls that were group-matched by age, sex and race. HIV data were collected for the HIV-infected group, while traditional risk factors, including vitamin D intake, sun exposure, skin pigmentation, physical activity level and body mass index (BMI) were collected for both groups. Fasting lipids, plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D), and inflammation markers were measured. Results: In total, 200 HIV-infected subjects and 50 controls were enrolled. HIV group had 53% male, 95% Black and a mean age of 17.2 plus or minus 4.6 years. There was no difference in 25(OH)D between groups; 77% of HIV+ and 74% of controls had 25(OH)D<20 ng/ml. Only Fitzpatrick skin type was independently associated with 25(OH)D. No HIV variables were associated with 25(OH)D, even when HIV sub-populations were examined. Inflammation, CVD risk factors and immune restoration were not independently associated with 25(OH)D. Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency is common among HIV-infected youth. However, HIV factors, CVD risk, inflammation and immune restoration do not appear to have the same relationship with vitamin D as has been shown in adults. Supplementation trials are needed to determine if increasing 25(OH)D concentrations could better elucidate these relationships. |
Author | FITZPATRICK, Anne M SEYDAFKAN, Shabnam JUDD, Suzanne E MULLIGAN, Mark J MCCOMSEY, Grace A GROSSMANN, Ruth E RIMANN, Nayoka CAMACHO-GONZALEZ, Andres F TANGPRICHA, Vin SEATON, Lateshia ZIEGLER, Thomas R HADLEY, Graham R ECKARD, Allison Ross |
AuthorAffiliation | 1 Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA 3 University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA 4 Rainbow Babies & Children’s Hospital and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA 2 Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 2 Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA – name: 1 Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA – name: 3 University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA – name: 4 Rainbow Babies & Children’s Hospital and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Allison Ross surname: ECKARD fullname: ECKARD, Allison Ross organization: Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States – sequence: 2 givenname: Suzanne E surname: JUDD fullname: JUDD, Suzanne E organization: University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States – sequence: 3 givenname: Nayoka surname: RIMANN fullname: RIMANN, Nayoka organization: Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States – sequence: 4 givenname: Vin surname: TANGPRICHA fullname: TANGPRICHA, Vin organization: Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States – sequence: 5 givenname: Grace A surname: MCCOMSEY fullname: MCCOMSEY, Grace A organization: Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States – sequence: 6 givenname: Thomas R surname: ZIEGLER fullname: ZIEGLER, Thomas R organization: Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States – sequence: 7 givenname: Andres F surname: CAMACHO-GONZALEZ fullname: CAMACHO-GONZALEZ, Andres F organization: Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States – sequence: 8 givenname: Anne M surname: FITZPATRICK fullname: FITZPATRICK, Anne M organization: Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States – sequence: 9 givenname: Graham R surname: HADLEY fullname: HADLEY, Graham R organization: Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States – sequence: 10 givenname: Ruth E surname: GROSSMANN fullname: GROSSMANN, Ruth E organization: Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States – sequence: 11 givenname: Lateshia surname: SEATON fullname: SEATON, Lateshia organization: Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, United States – sequence: 12 givenname: Shabnam surname: SEYDAFKAN fullname: SEYDAFKAN, Shabnam organization: Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States – sequence: 13 givenname: Mark J surname: MULLIGAN fullname: MULLIGAN, Mark J organization: Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States |
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Snippet | Vitamin D deficiency is common in HIV-infected individuals. In adults, traditional and HIV-related factors play a role in vitamin D status, and deficiency... BACKGROUNDVitamin D deficiency is common in HIV-infected individuals. In adults, traditional and HIV-related factors play a role in vitamin D status, and... Background: Vitamin D deficiency is common in HIV-infected individuals. In adults, traditional and HIV-related factors play a role in vitamin D status, and... |
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SubjectTerms | Adolescent Antibiotics. Antiinfectious agents. Antiparasitic agents Antiviral agents Biological and medical sciences Biomarkers - analysis Body Mass Index Cardiovascular Diseases - blood Cardiovascular Diseases - metabolism Cardiovascular Diseases - pathology Case-Control Studies CD4 Lymphocyte Count Cross-Sectional Studies Cytokines - blood Female HIV - genetics HIV - pathogenicity HIV Infections - immunology HIV Infections - metabolism HIV Infections - virology Human viral diseases Humans Immunodeficiencies Immunodeficiencies. Immunoglobulinopathies Immunopathology Infectious diseases Inflammation - metabolism Male Medical sciences Motor Activity Pharmacology. Drug treatments Prospective Studies Risk Factors RNA, Viral - analysis Sunlight Viral diseases Viral diseases of the lymphoid tissue and the blood. Aids Vitamin D - analogs & derivatives Vitamin D - blood Vitamin D Deficiency - metabolism Vitamin D Deficiency - pathology Young Adult |
Title | Risk factors for vitamin D deficiency and relationship with cardiac biomarkers, inflammation and immune restoration in HIV-infected youth |
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