From sea to land： assessment of the bio-transport of phosphorus by penguins in Antarctica

In Antarctica, the marine ecosystem is dynamically interrelated with the terrestrial ecosystem. An example of the link between these two ecosystems is the biogeochemical cycle of phosphorus. Bio- vectors, such as penguins, transport phosphorus from sea to land, play a key role in this cycle. In this...

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Published in	Chinese journal of oceanology and limnology Vol. 32; no. 1; pp. 148 - 154
Main Author	秦先燕孙立广 BLAIS Jules M. 王玉宏黄涛黄温谢周清
Format	Journal Article
Language	English
Published	Berlin/Heidelberg Springer-Verlag 2014 Springer Berlin Heidelberg Springer Nature B.V
Subjects	adults animal manures Antarctica Aquatic birds Biogeochemical cycle Biogeochemical cycles Breeding Chemistry Dung Earth and Environmental Science Earth Sciences Ecosystems Guano Marine Marine ecosystems Marine mammals Oceanography Oceans penguins Phosphorus Phosphorus cycle Seabirds Seawater terrestrial ecosystems 企鹅南极洲海洋生态系统生物地球化学循环磷评估转运陆地生态系统 Antarctica PS, Antarctica PSE, Antarctica, Victoria Land, Ross I PSW, Antarctica, South Shetland Is., Ardley I PSE, Antarctica, Princess Elizabeth Land, Vestfold Hills phosphorus cycle guano sea-land ecosystem penguin Southern Ocean
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ISSN	0254-4059 2096-5508 1993-5005 2523-3521
DOI	10.1007/s00343-014-3115-5

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Abstract	In Antarctica, the marine ecosystem is dynamically interrelated with the terrestrial ecosystem. An example of the link between these two ecosystems is the biogeochemical cycle of phosphorus. Bio- vectors, such as penguins, transport phosphorus from sea to land, play a key role in this cycle. In this paper, we selected three colonies of penguins, the most important seabirds in Antarctica, and computed the annual quantity of phosphorus transferred from sea to land by these birds. Our results show that adult penguins from colonies at Ardley Island, the Vestfold Hills, and Ross Island could transfer phosphorus in the form of guano at up to 12 349, 167 036, and 97 841 kg/a, respectively, over their breeding period. These quantities are equivalent to an annual input of 3.96× 10^9-1.63 × 10^10 kg of seawater to the land of Antarctica. Finally, we discuss the impact of phosphorus on the ice-flee areas of the Antarctica.
AbstractList	In Antarctica, the marine ecosystem is dynamically interrelated with the terrestrial ecosystem. An example of the link between these two ecosystems is the biogeochemical cycle of phosphorus. Biovectors, such as penguins, transport phosphorus from sea to land, play a key role in this cycle. In this paper, we selected three colonies of penguins, the most important seabirds in Antarctica, and computed the annual quantity of phosphorus transferred from sea to land by these birds. Our results show that adult penguins from colonies at Ardley Island, the Vestfold Hills, and Ross Island could transfer phosphorus in the form of guano at up to 12 349, 167 036, and 97 841 kg/a, respectively, over their breeding period. These quantities are equivalent to an annual input of 3.96×109–1.63×1010 kg of seawater to the land of Antarctica. Finally, we discuss the impact of phosphorus on the ice-free areas of the Antarctica. In Antarctica, the marine ecosystem is dynamically interrelated with the terrestrial ecosystem. An example of the link between these two ecosystems is the biogeochemical cycle of phosphorus. Biovectors, such as penguins, transport phosphorus from sea to land, play a key role in this cycle. In this paper, we selected three colonies of penguins, the most important seabirds in Antarctica, and computed the annual quantity of phosphorus transferred from sea to land by these birds. Our results show that adult penguins from colonies at Ardley Island, the Vestfold Hills, and Ross Island could transfer phosphorus in the form of guano at up to 12 349, 167 036, and 97 841 kg/a, respectively, over their breeding period. These quantities are equivalent to an annual input of 3.96×10⁹–1.63×10¹⁰ kg of seawater to the land of Antarctica. Finally, we discuss the impact of phosphorus on the ice-free areas of the Antarctica. In Antarctica, the marine ecosystem is dynamically interrelated with the terrestrial ecosystem. An example of the link between these two ecosystems is the biogeochemical cycle of phosphorus. Biovectors, such as penguins, transport phosphorus from sea to land, play a key role in this cycle. In this paper, we selected three colonies of penguins, the most important seabirds in Antarctica, and computed the annual quantity of phosphorus transferred from sea to land by these birds. Our results show that adult penguins from colonies at Ardley Island, the Vestfold Hills, and Ross Island could transfer phosphorus in the form of guano at up to 12 349, 167 036, and 97 841 kg/a, respectively, over their breeding period. These quantities are equivalent to an annual input of 3.96×10 9 –1.63×10 10 kg of seawater to the land of Antarctica. Finally, we discuss the impact of phosphorus on the ice-free areas of the Antarctica. In Antarctica, the marine ecosystem is dynamically interrelated with the terrestrial ecosystem. An example of the link between these two ecosystems is the biogeochemical cycle of phosphorus. Bio- vectors, such as penguins, transport phosphorus from sea to land, play a key role in this cycle. In this paper, we selected three colonies of penguins, the most important seabirds in Antarctica, and computed the annual quantity of phosphorus transferred from sea to land by these birds. Our results show that adult penguins from colonies at Ardley Island, the Vestfold Hills, and Ross Island could transfer phosphorus in the form of guano at up to 12 349, 167 036, and 97 841 kg/a, respectively, over their breeding period. These quantities are equivalent to an annual input of 3.96× 10^9-1.63 × 10^10 kg of seawater to the land of Antarctica. Finally, we discuss the impact of phosphorus on the ice-flee areas of the Antarctica. In Antarctica, the marine ecosystem is dynamically interrelated with the terrestrial ecosystem. An example of the link between these two ecosystems is the biogeochemical cycle of phosphorus. Biovectors, such as penguins, transport phosphorus from sea to land, play a key role in this cycle. In this paper, we selected three colonies of penguins, the most important seabirds in Antarctica, and computed the annual quantity of phosphorus transferred from sea to land by these birds. Our results show that adult penguins from colonies at Ardley Island, the Vestfold Hills, and Ross Island could transfer phosphorus in the form of guano at up to 12 349, 167 036, and 97 841 kg/a, respectively, over their breeding period. These quantities are equivalent to an annual input of 3.96 x 10 super(9)-1.63 x 10 super(10) kg of seawater to the land of Antarctica. Finally, we discuss the impact of phosphorus on the ice-free areas of the Antarctica.
Author	秦先燕孙立广 BLAIS Jules M. 王玉宏黄涛黄温谢周清
AuthorAffiliation	Institute of Polar Environment, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China Program for Chemical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada KIN 6N5 Advanced Management Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China Department of Genetics, North Carolina State University Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
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Keywords	phosphorus cycle guano sea-land ecosystem penguin Southern Ocean
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Notes	Southern Ocean; sea-land ecosystem; phosphorus cycle; penguin; guano In Antarctica, the marine ecosystem is dynamically interrelated with the terrestrial ecosystem. An example of the link between these two ecosystems is the biogeochemical cycle of phosphorus. Bio- vectors, such as penguins, transport phosphorus from sea to land, play a key role in this cycle. In this paper, we selected three colonies of penguins, the most important seabirds in Antarctica, and computed the annual quantity of phosphorus transferred from sea to land by these birds. Our results show that adult penguins from colonies at Ardley Island, the Vestfold Hills, and Ross Island could transfer phosphorus in the form of guano at up to 12 349, 167 036, and 97 841 kg/a, respectively, over their breeding period. These quantities are equivalent to an annual input of 3.96× 10^9-1.63 × 10^10 kg of seawater to the land of Antarctica. Finally, we discuss the impact of phosphorus on the ice-flee areas of the Antarctica. 37-1150/P QIN Xianyan, SUN Liguang , BLAIS Jules M., WANG Vuhong , HUANG Tao , HUANG Wen, XIE Zhouqing （1 Institute of Polar Environment, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China 2 Program for Chemical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1N 6N5 3Advanced Management Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China 4 Department of Genetics, North Carolina State University Raleigh, NC 27695, USA） http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00343-014-3115-5 ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23
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Snippet	In Antarctica, the marine ecosystem is dynamically interrelated with the terrestrial ecosystem. An example of the link between these two ecosystems is the...
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SubjectTerms	adults animal manures Antarctica Aquatic birds Biogeochemical cycle Biogeochemical cycles Breeding Chemistry Dung Earth and Environmental Science Earth Sciences Ecosystems Guano Marine Marine ecosystems Marine mammals Oceanography Oceans penguins Phosphorus Phosphorus cycle Seabirds Seawater terrestrial ecosystems 企鹅南极洲海洋生态系统生物地球化学循环磷评估转运陆地生态系统
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Title	From sea to land： assessment of the bio-transport of phosphorus by penguins in Antarctica
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