Genetic effects on weight change and food intake in Swedish adult twins
Obesity is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Additionally, synergistic effects of genes and environments may be important in the development of obesity. The aim of this study was to test for genetic effects on food consumption frequency, food preferences, and their interaction with su...
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Published in | The American journal of clinical nutrition Vol. 69; no. 4; pp. 597 - 602 |
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Main Authors | , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Bethesda, MD
American Society for Clinical Nutrition
01.04.1999
American Society for Clinical Nutrition, Inc |
Subjects | |
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Abstract | Obesity is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Additionally, synergistic effects of genes and environments may be important in the development of obesity.
The aim of this study was to test for genetic effects on food consumption frequency, food preferences, and their interaction with subsequent weight gain.
Complete data on the frequencies of consumption of 11 foods typical of the Swedish diet were available for 98 monozygotic and 176 dizygotic twin pairs aged 25-59 y who are part of the Swedish Twin Registry. The data were collected in 1973 as part of a questionnaire study. Body mass index was measured in 1973 and again in 1984.
There was some evidence that genetic effects influenced the frequency of intake of some foods. Similarity among monozygotic twins exceeded that among dizygotic twins for intake of flour and grain products and fruit in men and women, intake of milk in men, and intake of vegetables and rice in women, suggesting that genes influence preferences for these foods. Analyses conducted for twins reared together and apart also suggested greater monozygotic than dizygotic correlations, but cross-twin, cross-trait correlations were all insignificant, suggesting that the genes that affect consumption frequencies are not responsible for mediating the relation between the frequency of intake and weight change.
Genetic effects and the frequency of intake are independently related to change in body mass index. However, there was no suggestion of differential genetic effects on weight gain that were dependent on the consumption frequency of the foods studied. |
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AbstractList | Genetic effects and the frequency of intake are independently related to change in body mass index. However, there was no suggestion of differential genetic effects on weight gain that were dependent on the consumption frequency of the foods studied. BACKGROUNDObesity is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Additionally, synergistic effects of genes and environments may be important in the development of obesity.OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study was to test for genetic effects on food consumption frequency, food preferences, and their interaction with subsequent weight gain.DESIGNComplete data on the frequencies of consumption of 11 foods typical of the Swedish diet were available for 98 monozygotic and 176 dizygotic twin pairs aged 25-59 y who are part of the Swedish Twin Registry. The data were collected in 1973 as part of a questionnaire study. Body mass index was measured in 1973 and again in 1984.RESULTSThere was some evidence that genetic effects influenced the frequency of intake of some foods. Similarity among monozygotic twins exceeded that among dizygotic twins for intake of flour and grain products and fruit in men and women, intake of milk in men, and intake of vegetables and rice in women, suggesting that genes influence preferences for these foods. Analyses conducted for twins reared together and apart also suggested greater monozygotic than dizygotic correlations, but cross-twin, cross-trait correlations were all insignificant, suggesting that the genes that affect consumption frequencies are not responsible for mediating the relation between the frequency of intake and weight change.CONCLUSIONSGenetic effects and the frequency of intake are independently related to change in body mass index. However, there was no suggestion of differential genetic effects on weight gain that were dependent on the consumption frequency of the foods studied. Obesity is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Additionally, synergistic effects of genes and environments may be important in the development of obesity. The aim of this study was to test for genetic effects on food consumption frequency, food preferences, and their interaction with subsequent weight gain. Complete data on the frequencies of consumption of 11 foods typical of the Swedish diet were available for 98 monozygotic and 176 dizygotic twin pairs aged 25-59 y who are part of the Swedish Twin Registry. The data were collected in 1973 as part of a questionnaire study. Body mass index was measured in 1973 and again in 1984. There was some evidence that genetic effects influenced the frequency of intake of some foods. Similarity among monozygotic twins exceeded that among dizygotic twins for intake of flour and grain products and fruit in men and women, intake of milk in men, and intake of vegetables and rice in women, suggesting that genes influence preferences for these foods. Analyses conducted for twins reared together and apart also suggested greater monozygotic than dizygotic correlations, but cross-twin, cross-trait correlations were all insignificant, suggesting that the genes that affect consumption frequencies are not responsible for mediating the relation between the frequency of intake and weight change. Genetic effects and the frequency of intake are independently related to change in body mass index. However, there was no suggestion of differential genetic effects on weight gain that were dependent on the consumption frequency of the foods studied. |
Author | HARRIS, J. R HEITMANN, B. L PEDERSEN, N. L LISSNER, L |
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Cites_doi | 10.1093/ije/25.5.1023 10.1023/A:1025692031673 10.1037/0882-7974.3.4.399 10.1093/ajcn/61.6.1213 10.1017/S0001566000006681 10.1016/0031-9384(93)90188-L 10.1037/0012-1649.16.4.340 10.1017/S0001566000007285 10.1093/ajcn/66.3.672 |
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Keywords | Human Obesity Feeding behavior Anthropometry Interaction Body weight Nutrition disorder Meal Variations Corporal biometry Feeding preference Genetic determinism Epidemiology Population genetics Body mass index Food intake Environment Frequency Monozygotic twin Nutritional status |
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References_xml | – volume: 25 start-page: 1023 year: 1996 ident: 10.1093/ajcn/69.4.597_bib18 article-title: The validity of a short food frequency questionnaire and its ability to measure changes in food intake: a longitudinal study publication-title: Int J Epidemiol doi: 10.1093/ije/25.5.1023 contributor: fullname: Osler – volume: 27 start-page: 373 year: 1997 ident: 10.1093/ajcn/69.4.597_bib4 article-title: Heritable variation in food preferences and their contribution to obesity publication-title: Behav Genet doi: 10.1023/A:1025692031673 contributor: fullname: Reed – start-page: 125 year: 1994 ident: 10.1093/ajcn/69.4.597_bib5 article-title: Genetics of energy intake and food preferences contributor: fullname: Pérusse – volume: 49 start-page: 79 year: 1995 ident: 10.1093/ajcn/69.4.597_bib2 article-title: Dietary fat and obesity: evidence from epidemiology publication-title: Eur J Clin Nutr contributor: fullname: Lissner – volume: 93 start-page: 1127 year: 1996 ident: 10.1093/ajcn/69.4.597_bib13 article-title: En (inter)nationell resurs: Svenskt tvillingregister ger upplysning om miljöns och arvets betydelse vid sjukdom. (An international resource: the Swedish Twin Registry provides information about the importance of genes and environment for disease.) publication-title: Lakartidningen contributor: fullname: Pedersen – volume: 600 start-page: 1 year: 1977 ident: 10.1093/ajcn/69.4.597_bib11 article-title: A new Swedish Twin Registry publication-title: Acta Med Scand Suppl contributor: fullname: Medlund – volume: 3 start-page: 399 year: 1988 ident: 10.1093/ajcn/69.4.597_bib16 article-title: Genotype-environment interaction in personality development: identical twins reared apart publication-title: Psychol Aging doi: 10.1037/0882-7974.3.4.399 contributor: fullname: Bergeman – volume: 61 start-page: 1213 year: 1995 ident: 10.1093/ajcn/69.4.597_bib7 article-title: Dietary fat intake and weight gain in women genetically predisposed for obesity publication-title: Am J Clin Nutr doi: 10.1093/ajcn/61.6.1213 contributor: fullname: Heitmann – volume: 41S start-page: 91 year: 1989 ident: 10.1093/ajcn/69.4.597_bib9 article-title: Short methods for dietary assessment. A review of the methodological studies publication-title: Var Foeda contributor: fullname: Sarlio-Läteenkorva – year: 1967 ident: 10.1093/ajcn/69.4.597_bib15 contributor: fullname: Snedecor – volume: 4 start-page: 171 year: 1985 ident: 10.1093/ajcn/69.4.597_bib8 article-title: Food frequency questionnaires as a research instrument publication-title: Clin Nutr contributor: fullname: Sampson – year: 1994 ident: 10.1093/ajcn/69.4.597_bib1 article-title: The genetics of obesity. – volume: 612 start-page: 1 year: 1977 ident: 10.1093/ajcn/69.4.597_bib10 article-title: The interactions of smoking, environment and heredity and their implications for disease etiology publication-title: Acta Med Scand Suppl contributor: fullname: Cederlöf – volume: 40 start-page: 7 year: 1991 ident: 10.1093/ajcn/69.4.597_bib14 article-title: The Swedish Adoption Twin Study of Aging: an update publication-title: Acta Genet Med Gemellol (Roma) doi: 10.1017/S0001566000006681 contributor: fullname: Pedersen – volume: 53 start-page: 777 year: 1993 ident: 10.1093/ajcn/69.4.597_bib3 article-title: Genetic influences on daily intake and meal patterns of humans publication-title: Physiol Behav doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(93)90188-L contributor: fullname: DeCastro – volume: 16 start-page: 340 year: 1980 ident: 10.1093/ajcn/69.4.597_bib17 article-title: Developmental stability of the relative influence of genes and environment on specific cognitive abilities during childhood publication-title: Dev Psychol doi: 10.1037/0012-1649.16.4.340 contributor: fullname: Ho – volume: 33 start-page: 243 year: 1984 ident: 10.1093/ajcn/69.4.597_bib12 article-title: Swedish early separated twins: identification and characterization publication-title: Acta Genet Med Gemellol (Roma) doi: 10.1017/S0001566000007285 contributor: fullname: Pedersen – volume: 66 start-page: 672 year: 1997 ident: 10.1093/ajcn/69.4.597_bib6 article-title: Are genetic determinants of weight gain modified by leisure-time physical activity? A prospective study of Finnish twins publication-title: Am J Clin Nutr doi: 10.1093/ajcn/66.3.672 contributor: fullname: Heitmann |
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Snippet | Obesity is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Additionally, synergistic effects of genes and environments may be important in the development of... Genetic effects and the frequency of intake are independently related to change in body mass index. However, there was no suggestion of differential genetic... BACKGROUNDObesity is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Additionally, synergistic effects of genes and environments may be important in the... |
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SubjectTerms | Adult Biological and medical sciences Body Mass Index Body Weight - genetics Diet Diet Surveys Environment Female Food Food Preferences Genetics Humans Male Medical sciences Medicin och hälsovetenskap Metabolic diseases Middle Aged Obesity Obesity - genetics Registries Regression Analysis Surveys and Questionnaires Sweden Twins Twins, Dizygotic Twins, Monozygotic Weight control |
Title | Genetic effects on weight change and food intake in Swedish adult twins |
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