Influence of a novel P/N-containing oligomer on flame retardancy and thermal degradation of intumescent flame-retardant epoxy resin
In this work, a novel P/N-containing oligomer poly(piperazine phenylphosphamide) (BPOPA) was synthesized via the polymerization reaction of phenylphosphonic dichloride with piperazine. Its structure was characterized by Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), nuclear magnetic resonance...
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| Published in | Polymer degradation and stability Vol. 162; pp. 129 - 137 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
London
Elsevier Ltd
01.04.2019
Elsevier BV |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | In this work, a novel P/N-containing oligomer poly(piperazine phenylphosphamide) (BPOPA) was synthesized via the polymerization reaction of phenylphosphonic dichloride with piperazine. Its structure was characterized by Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), elemental analysis (EA) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). It was used to enhance the flame retardancy of epoxy resin/ammonium polyphosphate (APP). As expected, improvement in flame retardancy of EP/APP was observed. In detail, EP containing 10 wt% APP alone possessed a LOI value of 30.2% but UL-94 no rating. When both 7.5 wt% APP and 2.5 wt% BPOPA were added into EP, EP/7.5APP/2.5BPOPA passed a UL-94 V-0 rating with a LOI value of 33.1%. Moreover, EP/7.5APP/2.5BPOPA presented much lower values of the peak of heat release rate (PHRR) and total smoke production (TSP) compared with EP/10APP. The flame-retardant mechanism was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and thermogravimetric analysis/infrared spectrometry (TG-IR). Results illustrated that EP/7.5APP/2.5BPOPA mainly functioned in condensed phase which was associated with the formation of more compact char layer.
•A novel P/N-containing oligomer (BPOPA) was synthesized and characterized successfully.•Adding BPOPA significantly improved flame retardancy of EP/APP.•Incorporation of BPOPA improved compactness degree of char for EP/APP during combustion. |
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| AbstractList | In this work, a novel P/N-containing oligomer poly(piperazine phenylphosphamide) (BPOPA) was synthesized via the polymerization reaction of phenylphosphonic dichloride with piperazine. Its structure was characterized by Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), elemental analysis (EA) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). It was used to enhance the flame retardancy of epoxy resin/ammonium polyphosphate (APP). As expected, improvement in flame retardancy of EP/APP was observed. In detail, EP containing 10 wt% APP alone possessed a LOI value of 30.2% but UL-94 no rating. When both 7.5 wt% APP and 2.5 wt% BPOPA were added into EP, EP/7.5APP/2.5BPOPA passed a UL-94 V-0 rating with a LOI value of 33.1%. Moreover, EP/7.5APP/2.5BPOPA presented much lower values of the peak of heat release rate (PHRR) and total smoke production (TSP) compared with EP/10APP. The flame-retardant mechanism was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and thermogravimetric analysis/infrared spectrometry (TG-IR). Results illustrated that EP/7.5APP/2.5BPOPA mainly functioned in condensed phase which was associated with the formation of more compact char layer. In this work, a novel P/N-containing oligomer poly(piperazine phenylphosphamide) (BPOPA) was synthesized via the polymerization reaction of phenylphosphonic dichloride with piperazine. Its structure was characterized by Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), elemental analysis (EA) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). It was used to enhance the flame retardancy of epoxy resin/ammonium polyphosphate (APP). As expected, improvement in flame retardancy of EP/APP was observed. In detail, EP containing 10 wt% APP alone possessed a LOI value of 30.2% but UL-94 no rating. When both 7.5 wt% APP and 2.5 wt% BPOPA were added into EP, EP/7.5APP/2.5BPOPA passed a UL-94 V-0 rating with a LOI value of 33.1%. Moreover, EP/7.5APP/2.5BPOPA presented much lower values of the peak of heat release rate (PHRR) and total smoke production (TSP) compared with EP/10APP. The flame-retardant mechanism was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and thermogravimetric analysis/infrared spectrometry (TG-IR). Results illustrated that EP/7.5APP/2.5BPOPA mainly functioned in condensed phase which was associated with the formation of more compact char layer. •A novel P/N-containing oligomer (BPOPA) was synthesized and characterized successfully.•Adding BPOPA significantly improved flame retardancy of EP/APP.•Incorporation of BPOPA improved compactness degree of char for EP/APP during combustion. |
| Author | Zhu, Zong-Min Wang, Luo-Xin Dong, Liang-Ping |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Zong-Min surname: Zhu fullname: Zhu, Zong-Min email: zhuzmgiant@126.com organization: State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, 430200, Hubei, PR China – sequence: 2 givenname: Luo-Xin surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Luo-Xin organization: State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, 430200, Hubei, PR China – sequence: 3 givenname: Liang-Ping surname: Dong fullname: Dong, Liang-Ping email: dlpscu@163.com organization: Institute of Electronic Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, 621000, Sichuan, PR China |
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| Snippet | In this work, a novel P/N-containing oligomer poly(piperazine phenylphosphamide) (BPOPA) was synthesized via the polymerization reaction of phenylphosphonic... |
| SourceID | proquest crossref elsevier |
| SourceType | Aggregation Database Enrichment Source Index Database Publisher |
| StartPage | 129 |
| SubjectTerms | ammonium polyphosphates Chemical analysis Dichlorides epoxides Epoxy resin Epoxy resins Flame retardancy Flame retardants Flame-retardant mechanism Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Fourier transforms gel chromatography heat Heat release rate Infrared analysis Infrared spectroscopy Liquid chromatography NMR Nuclear magnetic resonance nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy P/N-containing oligomer Photoelectrons piperazine polymerization Scanning electron microscopy Smoke Thermal degradation Thermogravimetric analysis thermogravimetry X ray photoelectron spectroscopy |
| Title | Influence of a novel P/N-containing oligomer on flame retardancy and thermal degradation of intumescent flame-retardant epoxy resin |
| URI | https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2019.02.021 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2222922028 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2221022653 |
| Volume | 162 |
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