Maternal depression: relations with maternal caregiving representations and emotional availability during the preschool years

• Published in: Attachment & human development Vol. 10; no. 1; pp. 73 - 90
• Main Authors: Trapolini, Tania, Ungerer, Judy A., McMahon, Catherine A.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Abingdon Routledge 01.03.2008; Taylor and Francis
• Subjects: Adult; Adult and adolescent clinical studies; Biological and medical sciences; caregiving representations; Child Development; Child of Impaired Parents - psychology; Child, Preschool; Depression; Depression - psychology; Depressive Disorder - psychology; emotional availability; Empathy; Family environment. Family history; Female; Humans; Infant; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Maternal Behavior; maternal depression; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Mood disorders; Mother-Child Relations; Object Attachment; preschool children; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry; Psychopathology. Psychiatry; Social psychiatry. Ethnopsychiatry; Human; Mood disorder; Preschool age; Affect affectivity; Parental behavior; Mental representation; emotional availability; Depression; Cognition; Emotion emotionality; caregiving representations; Mother child relation; Maternal diseases; preschool children; Maternal behavior; Social interaction; Family environment; Child; maternal depression
• ISSN: 1461-6734; 1469-2988
• DOI: 10.1080/14616730801900712

This longitudinal study aimed to determine whether maternal depression was related to caregiving behavior and further whether this relationship was mediated and/or moderated by maternal caregiving representations. Ninety-two mothers were assessed for symptoms of depression when their children were 4, 12, and 15 months, and later at 4 years of age. At 4 years of age, mothers' caregiving representations of their child and their relationship were examined using the Parent Development Interview (PDI), and aspects of maternal behaviors were rated during mother-child play interactions using the Emotional Availability Scales (EA). The experience of chronic maternal depression was related to lower levels of maternal sensitivity, and this association was mediated by mothers' impaired capacity to take their child's perspective. The link between depression and lower maternal sensitivity was also moderated by perspective taking, indicating that poor perspective taking had a negative impact on sensitivity only for chronically depressed mothers. In conclusion, the current study demonstrated that mothers' representational models are affected by cognitive distortions associated with depression, and these distortions interfere with a mother's capacity to interact sensitively with her child.