Chemical bioactivity of Mediterranean benthic organisms against embryos and larvae of marine invertebrates
Thirty-two species of Mediterranean benthic organisms were assayed for antimitotic-cytotoxic bioactivity against the embryos of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus. A further 19 of these species were tested for anti-fouling properties (biocide and anti-fixation) against the larvae of the bryozoa Bu...
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Published in | Journal of experimental marine biology and ecology Vol. 173; no. 1; pp. 11 - 27 |
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Main Authors | , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Amsterdam
Elsevier B.V
01.01.1993
Elsevier Science |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Thirty-two species of Mediterranean benthic organisms were assayed for antimitotic-cytotoxic bioactivity against the embryos of the sea urchin
Paracentrotus lividus. A further 19 of these species were tested for anti-fouling properties (biocide and anti-fixation) against the larvae of the bryozoa
Bugula neritina. Nineteen of the 32 species were non-active against the sea urchin embryos at the initial concentration of 1000 μg · ml
−1 of species crude extract. Highly significant differences (
p > 0.001) in antimitotic-cytotoxic response were found for the remaining species except
Acantella acuta, Dyctionella obtusa, Alcyonum acaule and
Bugula neritina. The most active species were the sponges
Crambe crambe and
Ircinia oros which displayed antimitotic-cytotoxic activity down to a concentration of 8 μg · ml
−1, to be followed by
Reniera mucosa (down to 30 μg · ml
−1) and by
Ircinia fasciculata and
Pseudodistoma crucigaster, grey form (down to 125 μg · ml
−1).
A bioassay using larvae of
Bugula neritina showed highly significant (
p > 0.001) biocide activity of tissue crude extracts for all the species except
Corallina elongata, Agelas oroides and
Microcosmus sabatieri (tunic).
Acanthella acuta, Crambe crambe and
Pseudodistoma crucigaster were the most active species (down to a concentration of 60 μg · ml
−1). All the assayed species displayed anti-fixation activity. Sublethal toxicity is believed to be responsible for this anti-fixation behaviour at lower concentrations. This may imply that benthic organisms could avoid becoming fouled without the necessity killing larvae, by using small amounts of toxic substances. |
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Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
ISSN: | 0022-0981 1879-1697 |
DOI: | 10.1016/0022-0981(93)90205-3 |