The Ice, Cloud, and Land Elevation Satellite – 2 mission: A global geolocated photon product derived from the Advanced Topographic Laser Altimeter System

The Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite – 2 (ICESat-2) observatory was launched on 15 September 2018 to measure ice sheet and glacier elevation change, sea ice freeboard, and enable the determination of the heights of Earth's forests. ICESat-2's laser altimeter, the Advanced Topograph...

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Published in	Remote sensing of environment Vol. 233; p. 111325
Main Authors	Neumann, Thomas A., Martino, Anthony J., Markus, Thorsten, Bae, Sungkoo, Bock, Megan R., Brenner, Anita C., Brunt, Kelly M., Cavanaugh, John, Fernandes, Stanley T., Hancock, David W., Harbeck, Kaitlin, Lee, Jeffrey, Kurtz, Nathan T., Luers, Philip J., Luthcke, Scott B., Magruder, Lori, Pennington, Teresa A., Ramos-Izquierdo, Luis, Rebold, Timothy, Skoog, Jonah, Thomas, Taylor C.
Format	Journal Article
Language	English
Published	Goddard Space Flight Center Elsevier Inc 01.11.2019 Elsevier Elsevier BV
Subjects	Altimeters Altimetry Body height Cryosphere Earth Resources And Remote Sensing Elevation Freeboard Glacier size Glaciers Global positioning systems GPS Ice Ice sheets ICESat-2 Inertial platforms Inland waters Laser altimeter Laser altimeters Lasers Observatories Ocean surface Photon counting Photons Remote sensing Satellite observation Satellites Sea ice Star trackers Topography Water bodies Photon counting ICESat-2 Laser altimeter Ice sheets Altimetry Remote sensing Cryosphere Sea ice Icesat-2
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Abstract	The Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite – 2 (ICESat-2) observatory was launched on 15 September 2018 to measure ice sheet and glacier elevation change, sea ice freeboard, and enable the determination of the heights of Earth's forests. ICESat-2's laser altimeter, the Advanced Topographic Laser Altimeter System (ATLAS) uses green (532 nm) laser light and single-photon sensitive detection to measure time of flight and subsequently surface height along each of its six beams. In this paper, we describe the major components of ATLAS, including the transmitter, the receiver and the components of the timing system. We present the major components of the ICESat-2 observatory, including the Global Positioning System, star trackers and inertial measurement unit. The ICESat-2 Level 1B data product (ATL02) provides the precise photon round-trip time of flight, among other data. The ICESat-2 Level 2A data product (ATL03) combines the photon times of flight with the observatory position and attitude to determine the geodetic location (i.e. the latitude, longitude and height) of the ground bounce point of photons detected by ATLAS. The ATL03 data product is used by higher-level (Level 3A) surface-specific data products to determine glacier and ice sheet height, sea ice freeboard, vegetation canopy height, ocean surface topography, and inland water body height. •Describes the ICESat-2 Observatory and its sole instrument: the Advanced Topographic Laser Altimeter System (ATLAS)•Presents the structure and major contents of the ICESat-2 Level 1B data product (ATL02; photon times of flight)•Presents the structure and major contents of the ICESat-2 Level 2A data product (ATL03; Global Geolocated Photons)
AbstractList	The Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite – 2 (ICESat-2) observatory was launched on 15 September 2018 to measure ice sheet and glacier elevation change, sea ice freeboard, and enable the determination of the heights of Earth’s forests. ICESat-2’s laser altimeter, the Advanced Topographic Laser Altimeter System (ATLAS) uses green (532 nm) laser light and single-photon sensitive detection to measure time of flight and subsequently surface height along each of its six beams. In this paper, we describe the major components of ATLAS, including the transmitter, the receiver and the components of the timing system. We present the major components of the ICESat-2 observatory, including the Global Positioning System, star trackers and inertial measurement unit. The ICESat-2 Level 1B data product (ATL02) provides the precise photon round-trip time of flight, among other data. The ICESat-2 Level 2A data product (ATL03) combines the photon times of flight with the observatory position and attitude to determine the geodetic location (i.e. the latitude, longitude and height) of the ground bounce point of photons detected by ATLAS. The ATL03 data product is used by higher-level (Level 3A) surface-specific data products to determine glacier and ice sheet height, sea ice freeboard, vegetation canopy height, ocean surface topography, and inland water body height. The Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite – 2 (ICESat-2) observatory was launched on 15 September 2018 to measure ice sheet and glacier elevation change, sea ice freeboard, and enable the determination of the heights of Earth's forests. ICESat-2's laser altimeter, the Advanced Topographic Laser Altimeter System (ATLAS) uses green (532 nm) laser light and single-photon sensitive detection to measure time of flight and subsequently surface height along each of its six beams. In this paper, we describe the major components of ATLAS, including the transmitter, the receiver and the components of the timing system. We present the major components of the ICESat-2 observatory, including the Global Positioning System, star trackers and inertial measurement unit. The ICESat-2 Level 1B data product (ATL02) provides the precise photon round-trip time of flight, among other data. The ICESat-2 Level 2A data product (ATL03) combines the photon times of flight with the observatory position and attitude to determine the geodetic location (i.e. the latitude, longitude and height) of the ground bounce point of photons detected by ATLAS. The ATL03 data product is used by higher-level (Level 3A) surface-specific data products to determine glacier and ice sheet height, sea ice freeboard, vegetation canopy height, ocean surface topography, and inland water body height. •Describes the ICESat-2 Observatory and its sole instrument: the Advanced Topographic Laser Altimeter System (ATLAS)•Presents the structure and major contents of the ICESat-2 Level 1B data product (ATL02; photon times of flight)•Presents the structure and major contents of the ICESat-2 Level 2A data product (ATL03; Global Geolocated Photons)
ArticleNumber	111325
Audience	PUBLIC
Author	Brenner, Anita C. Thomas, Taylor C. Lee, Jeffrey Neumann, Thomas A. Kurtz, Nathan T. Ramos-Izquierdo, Luis Skoog, Jonah Markus, Thorsten Bae, Sungkoo Harbeck, Kaitlin Bock, Megan R. Magruder, Lori Pennington, Teresa A. Martino, Anthony J. Rebold, Timothy Luers, Philip J. Fernandes, Stanley T. Hancock, David W. Brunt, Kelly M. Cavanaugh, John Luthcke, Scott B.
AuthorAffiliation	a NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD United States e University of Maryland, College Park, MD United States f Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems, Gilbert, AZ United States h Emergent Space Technologies, Laurel, MD United States c ADNET Systems, Inc., Lanham, MD United States b Applied Research Laboratory, University of Texas, Austin, TX United States g KBR, Greenbelt, MD United States d Sigma Space Corporation, Lanham, MD United States
AuthorAffiliation_xml	– name: f Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems, Gilbert, AZ United States – name: c ADNET Systems, Inc., Lanham, MD United States – name: d Sigma Space Corporation, Lanham, MD United States – name: h Emergent Space Technologies, Laurel, MD United States – name: b Applied Research Laboratory, University of Texas, Austin, TX United States – name: a NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD United States – name: e University of Maryland, College Park, MD United States – name: g KBR, Greenbelt, MD United States
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Thomas A. surname: Neumann fullname: Neumann, Thomas A. email: thomas.neumann@nasa.gov organization: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, United States – sequence: 2 givenname: Anthony J. surname: Martino fullname: Martino, Anthony J. organization: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, United States – sequence: 3 givenname: Thorsten surname: Markus fullname: Markus, Thorsten organization: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, United States – sequence: 4 givenname: Sungkoo surname: Bae fullname: Bae, Sungkoo organization: Applied Research Laboratory, University of Texas, Austin, TX, United States – sequence: 5 givenname: Megan R. surname: Bock fullname: Bock, Megan R. organization: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, United States – sequence: 6 givenname: Anita C. surname: Brenner fullname: Brenner, Anita C. organization: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, United States – sequence: 7 givenname: Kelly M. surname: Brunt fullname: Brunt, Kelly M. organization: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, United States – sequence: 8 givenname: John surname: Cavanaugh fullname: Cavanaugh, John organization: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, United States – sequence: 9 givenname: Stanley T. surname: Fernandes fullname: Fernandes, Stanley T. organization: Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems, Gilbert, AZ, United States – sequence: 10 givenname: David W. surname: Hancock fullname: Hancock, David W. organization: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, United States – sequence: 11 givenname: Kaitlin surname: Harbeck fullname: Harbeck, Kaitlin organization: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, United States – sequence: 12 givenname: Jeffrey surname: Lee fullname: Lee, Jeffrey organization: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, United States – sequence: 13 givenname: Nathan T. surname: Kurtz fullname: Kurtz, Nathan T. organization: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, United States – sequence: 14 givenname: Philip J. surname: Luers fullname: Luers, Philip J. organization: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, United States – sequence: 15 givenname: Scott B. surname: Luthcke fullname: Luthcke, Scott B. organization: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, United States – sequence: 16 givenname: Lori surname: Magruder fullname: Magruder, Lori organization: Applied Research Laboratory, University of Texas, Austin, TX, United States – sequence: 17 givenname: Teresa A. surname: Pennington fullname: Pennington, Teresa A. organization: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, United States – sequence: 18 givenname: Luis surname: Ramos-Izquierdo fullname: Ramos-Izquierdo, Luis organization: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, United States – sequence: 19 givenname: Timothy surname: Rebold fullname: Rebold, Timothy organization: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, United States – sequence: 20 givenname: Jonah surname: Skoog fullname: Skoog, Jonah organization: Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems, Gilbert, AZ, United States – sequence: 21 givenname: Taylor C. surname: Thomas fullname: Thomas, Taylor C. organization: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, United States
BackLink	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31708597$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Snippet	The Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite – 2 (ICESat-2) observatory was launched on 15 September 2018 to measure ice sheet and glacier elevation change,... The Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite - 2 (ICESat-2) observatory was launched on 15 September 2018 to measure ice sheet and glacier elevation change,...
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SubjectTerms	Altimeters Altimetry Body height Cryosphere Earth Resources And Remote Sensing Elevation Freeboard Glacier size Glaciers Global positioning systems GPS Ice Ice sheets ICESat-2 Inertial platforms Inland waters Laser altimeter Laser altimeters Lasers Observatories Ocean surface Photon counting Photons Remote sensing Satellite observation Satellites Sea ice Star trackers Topography Water bodies
Title	The Ice, Cloud, and Land Elevation Satellite – 2 mission: A global geolocated photon product derived from the Advanced Topographic Laser Altimeter System
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