Supercurrent diode effect and finite-momentum superconductors
SignificanceOur work shows a fascinating application of finite-momentum superconductivity, the supercurrent diode effect, which is being reported in a growing number of experiments. We show that, under external magnetic field, Cooper pairs can acquire finite momentum so that critical currents in the...
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| Published in | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS Vol. 119; no. 15; p. e2119548119 |
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| Main Authors | , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
National Academy of Sciences
12.04.2022
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | SignificanceOur work shows a fascinating application of finite-momentum superconductivity, the supercurrent diode effect, which is being reported in a growing number of experiments. We show that, under external magnetic field, Cooper pairs can acquire finite momentum so that critical currents in the direction parallel and antiparallel to the Cooper pair momentum become unequal. |
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| AbstractList | When both inversion and time-reversal symmetries are broken, the critical current of a superconductor can be nonreciprocal. In this work, we show that, in certain classes of two-dimensional superconductors with antisymmetric spin–orbit coupling, Cooper pairs acquire a finite momentum upon the application of an in-plane magnetic field, and, as a result, critical currents in the direction parallel and antiparallel to the Cooper pair momentum become unequal. This supercurrent diode effect is also manifested in the polarity dependence of in-plane critical fields induced by a supercurrent. These nonreciprocal effects may be found in polar SrTiO3 film, few-layer MoTe2 in the Td phase, and twisted bilayer graphene in which the valley degree of freedom plays a role analogous to spin. Our work shows a fascinating application of finite-momentum superconductivity, the supercurrent diode effect, which is being reported in a growing number of experiments. We show that, under external magnetic field, Cooper pairs can acquire finite momentum so that critical currents in the direction parallel and antiparallel to the Cooper pair momentum become unequal. When both inversion and time-reversal symmetries are broken, the critical current of a superconductor can be nonreciprocal. In this work, we show that, in certain classes of two-dimensional superconductors with antisymmetric spin–orbit coupling, Cooper pairs acquire a finite momentum upon the application of an in-plane magnetic field, and, as a result, critical currents in the direction parallel and antiparallel to the Cooper pair momentum become unequal. This supercurrent diode effect is also manifested in the polarity dependence of in-plane critical fields induced by a supercurrent. These nonreciprocal effects may be found in polar SrTiO 3 film, few-layer MoTe 2 in the T d phase, and twisted bilayer graphene in which the valley degree of freedom plays a role analogous to spin. SignificanceOur work shows a fascinating application of finite-momentum superconductivity, the supercurrent diode effect, which is being reported in a growing number of experiments. We show that, under external magnetic field, Cooper pairs can acquire finite momentum so that critical currents in the direction parallel and antiparallel to the Cooper pair momentum become unequal. Significance Our work shows a fascinating application of finite-momentum superconductivity, the supercurrent diode effect, which is being reported in a growing number of experiments. We show that, under external magnetic field, Cooper pairs can acquire finite momentum so that critical currents in the direction parallel and antiparallel to the Cooper pair momentum become unequal. When both inversion and time-reversal symmetries are broken, the critical current of a superconductor can be nonreciprocal. In this work, we show that, in certain classes of two-dimensional superconductors with antisymmetric spin–orbit coupling, Cooper pairs acquire a finite momentum upon the application of an in-plane magnetic field, and, as a result, critical currents in the direction parallel and antiparallel to the Cooper pair momentum become unequal. This supercurrent diode effect is also manifested in the polarity dependence of in-plane critical fields induced by a supercurrent. These nonreciprocal effects may be found in polar SrTiO 3 film, few-layer MoTe 2 in the T d phase, and twisted bilayer graphene in which the valley degree of freedom plays a role analogous to spin. |
| Author | Yuan, Noah F Q Fu, Liang |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Noah F Q orcidid: 0000-0001-7546-8095 surname: Yuan fullname: Yuan, Noah F Q organization: Shenzhen JL Computational Science and Applied Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518109 China – sequence: 2 givenname: Liang surname: Fu fullname: Fu, Liang organization: Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35377813$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1904377$$D View this record in Osti.gov |
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| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | Copyright National Academy of Sciences Apr 12, 2022 Copyright © 2022 the Author(s). Published by PNAS. 2022 |
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| Keywords | superconductivity nonreciprocal transport electromagnetic responses |
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| Snippet | SignificanceOur work shows a fascinating application of finite-momentum superconductivity, the supercurrent diode effect, which is being reported in a growing... Significance Our work shows a fascinating application of finite-momentum superconductivity, the supercurrent diode effect, which is being reported in a growing... When both inversion and time-reversal symmetries are broken, the critical current of a superconductor can be nonreciprocal. In this work, we show that, in... Our work shows a fascinating application of finite-momentum superconductivity, the supercurrent diode effect, which is being reported in a growing number of... |
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| SubjectTerms | Bilayers CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY Cooper pairs Critical current (superconductivity) electromagnetic responses Graphene Magnetic fields Momentum nonreciprocal transport Physical Sciences Polarity Spin-orbit interactions superconductivity Superconductors |
| Title | Supercurrent diode effect and finite-momentum superconductors |
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