Metal-ferroelectric-insulator-semiconductor memory FET with long retention and high endurance

A ferroelectric memory field-effect transistor (FET) with a Pt-SrBi/sub 2/Ta/sub 2/O/sub 9/-Hf-Al-O-Si gate stack was fabricated and its electrical properties were characterized. The insulating and ferroelectric layers were successively deposited by a laser ablation technique. Excellent data retenti...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published inIEEE electron device letters Vol. 25; no. 6; pp. 369 - 371
Main Authors Sakai, S., Ilangovan, R.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published New York IEEE 01.06.2004
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subjects
Online AccessGet full text

Cover

Loading…
Abstract A ferroelectric memory field-effect transistor (FET) with a Pt-SrBi/sub 2/Ta/sub 2/O/sub 9/-Hf-Al-O-Si gate stack was fabricated and its electrical properties were characterized. The insulating and ferroelectric layers were successively deposited by a laser ablation technique. Excellent data retention characteristics were obtained. The drain currents of on- and off-states were measured as a function of time, after /spl plusmn/6 V poling voltage applied to the gate electrode. The current ratio of the on- and off-states was more than 10/sup 6/ even after 12 days. Moreover, after 10/sup 12/ cycles of /spl plusmn/8 V pulses, this ratio was also more than 10/sup 6/.
AbstractList A ferroelectric memory field-effect transistor (FET) with a Pt-SrBi sub(2)Ta sub(2)O sub(9)-Hf-Al-O-Si gate stack was fabricated and its electrical properties were characterized. The insulating and ferroelectric layers were successively deposited by a laser ablation technique. Excellent data retention characteristics were obtained. The drain currents of on- and off-states were measured as a function of time, after +/-6 V poling voltage applied to the gate electrode. The current ratio of the on- and off-states was more than 10 super(6) even after 12 days. Moreover, after 10 super(12) cycles of +/-8 V pulses, this ratio was also more than 10 super(6).
A ferroelectric memory field-effect transistor (FET) with a Pt-SrBi/sub 2/Ta/sub 2/O/sub 9/-Hf-Al-O-Si gate stack was fabricated and its electrical properties were characterized. The insulating and ferroelectric layers were successively deposited by a laser ablation technique. Excellent data retention characteristics were obtained. The drain currents of on- and off-states were measured as a function of time, after /spl plusmn/6 V poling voltage applied to the gate electrode. The current ratio of the on- and off-states was more than 10/sup 6/ even after 12 days. Moreover, after 10/sup 12/ cycles of /spl plusmn/8 V pulses, this ratio was also more than 10/sup 6/.
A ferroelectric memory field-effect transistor (FET) with a Pt-SrBi(2)Ta(2)O(9)-Hf-Al-O-Si gate stack was fabricated and its electrical properties were characterized. The insulating and ferroelectric layers were successively deposited by a laser ablation technique. Excellent data retention characteristics were obtained. The drain currents of on- and off-states were measured as a function of time, after +/-6 V poling voltage applied to the gate electrode. The current ratio of the on- and off-states was more than 10(6) even after 12 days. Moreover, after 10/12/ cycles of +/-8 V pulses, this ratio was also more than 10(6).
Author Sakai, S.
Ilangovan, R.
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: S.
  surname: Sakai
  fullname: Sakai, S.
  organization: National Inst. of Adv. Ind. Sci. & Technol., Ibaraki, Japan
– sequence: 2
  givenname: R.
  surname: Ilangovan
  fullname: Ilangovan, R.
  organization: National Inst. of Adv. Ind. Sci. & Technol., Ibaraki, Japan
BookMark eNqNkU1r3DAQhkVJoZuPcw-9mByakzejT1vHkqRJYEMvuQYhy-Osgi2lkk3Iv4-WLQR6CDkNA8_zwsx7SA5CDEjIdwprSkGfb64u1wxArFvWas2-kBWVsq1BKn5AVtAIWnMK6hs5zPkJgArRiBV5uMPZjvWAKUUc0c3Ju9qHvIx2jqnOOHkXQ7-4slUTTjG9Vr-v7qsXP2-rMYbHKuGMYfYxVDb01dY_bissQrLB4TH5Otgx48m_eUTui3xxU2_-XN9e_NrUTjA1173gyjY9Mg28GxppVU9bDYhc0K5jg-1cq5Bjo6BrJOOq6XpXBkgJ1nX8iJztY59T_Ltgns3ks8NxtAHjkk2rFaO0EaKQPz8ky-uk0CA_AfJC8l3i6X_gU1xSKNcazSiXvFVtgc73kEsx54SDeU5-sunVUDC79kxpz-zaM_v2ivFjb3hEfKc5MMY0fwMo9pe0
CODEN EDLEDZ
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1016_j_mee_2005_04_017
crossref_primary_10_1109_LED_2004_841186
crossref_primary_10_1109_TED_2011_2162629
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00339_012_6978_3
crossref_primary_10_1109_TED_2017_2716338
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cap_2008_02_013
crossref_primary_10_7567_1347_4065_ab389b
crossref_primary_10_1109_LED_2018_2889412
crossref_primary_10_1063_1_3651098
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41565_023_01361_y
crossref_primary_10_1049_el_20083230
crossref_primary_10_1088_0268_1242_28_8_085003
crossref_primary_10_1063_1_4902072
crossref_primary_10_1063_5_0089049
crossref_primary_10_35848_1347_4065_ab7ff1
crossref_primary_10_7567_JJAP_51_04DD01
crossref_primary_10_7567_JJAP_50_04DD09
crossref_primary_10_1109_TNANO_2022_3207505
crossref_primary_10_1080_10584580802074108
crossref_primary_10_1088_0268_1242_26_2_025015
crossref_primary_10_1109_TED_2011_2175396
crossref_primary_10_1143_JJAP_51_034301
crossref_primary_10_1039_D1NR05107E
crossref_primary_10_1088_1361_6463_ac52f4
crossref_primary_10_1039_D4MH00153B
crossref_primary_10_1557_mrs2004_235
crossref_primary_10_1557_opl_2011_1029
crossref_primary_10_1063_1_4886576
crossref_primary_10_1557_PROC_830_D6_19
crossref_primary_10_1116_1_2748808
crossref_primary_10_1063_5_0068059
crossref_primary_10_1557_mrs_2018_92
crossref_primary_10_1080_00150193_2011_594734
crossref_primary_10_1088_2053_1591_ab5c80
crossref_primary_10_1109_TED_2020_3031249
crossref_primary_10_1088_0268_1242_25_5_055005
crossref_primary_10_1557_opl_2011_977
crossref_primary_10_1088_0022_3727_49_7_075106
crossref_primary_10_1557_JMR_2008_0336
crossref_primary_10_1080_00150193_2011_618375
crossref_primary_10_7567_JJAP_51_034301
crossref_primary_10_1063_5_0037617
crossref_primary_10_1080_00150190902847893
crossref_primary_10_35848_1347_4065_acb4fc
crossref_primary_10_1080_10584587_2015_1105703
crossref_primary_10_1143_JJAP_47_1259
crossref_primary_10_2472_jsms_67_848
crossref_primary_10_1063_1_3267153
crossref_primary_10_7567_JJAP_53_01AE07
crossref_primary_10_1007_s13391_015_4431_4
crossref_primary_10_7567_1347_4065_ab37cb
crossref_primary_10_1557_PROC_830_D2_9
crossref_primary_10_1063_5_0090120
crossref_primary_10_1109_LED_2020_2967423
crossref_primary_10_1109_TCSI_2017_2702741
crossref_primary_10_1587_transele_E95_C_609
crossref_primary_10_3390_ma17051077
crossref_primary_10_1021_acsami_0c00877
crossref_primary_10_1088_1674_1056_22_7_078501
crossref_primary_10_1002_aelm_202000068
crossref_primary_10_1109_TED_2020_2976148
crossref_primary_10_1063_1_2871772
crossref_primary_10_1143_JJAP_47_2719
crossref_primary_10_1109_TED_2013_2283465
crossref_primary_10_1063_1_4896737
crossref_primary_10_1557_PROC_1250_G13_06
crossref_primary_10_1116_1_4886972
crossref_primary_10_3390_nano12244488
crossref_primary_10_1063_1_5118217
crossref_primary_10_1063_1_1814437
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10832_010_9612_9
crossref_primary_10_1155_2013_692469
crossref_primary_10_1109_TED_2005_859688
crossref_primary_10_35848_1882_0786_ac8048
crossref_primary_10_1063_1_2218463
crossref_primary_10_3390_ma3114950
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_sse_2006_11_014
crossref_primary_10_1080_00150193_2020_1735898
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_sse_2004_11_015
crossref_primary_10_1143_JJAP_46_261
crossref_primary_10_1109_LED_2011_2177435
crossref_primary_10_1143_JJAP_49_04DD08
crossref_primary_10_35848_1347_4065_ac127c
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_apsusc_2019_03_312
crossref_primary_10_1088_1361_6463_aa622f
crossref_primary_10_1007_s40820_024_01441_1
crossref_primary_10_1116_1_2952464
crossref_primary_10_1080_10584580601085784
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11664_014_3547_x
crossref_primary_10_1088_0268_1242_30_1_015024
crossref_primary_10_1080_00150190802367984
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_sse_2014_06_009
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_sse_2010_11_028
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00339_013_7971_1
crossref_primary_10_1039_C8NR07135G
crossref_primary_10_1021_nl801656w
crossref_primary_10_1063_1_2399351
crossref_primary_10_1088_0268_1242_24_10_105026
crossref_primary_10_35848_1347_4065_ac223d
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_memori_2023_100050
crossref_primary_10_1143_JJAP_44_L800
crossref_primary_10_1109_LED_2018_2797887
crossref_primary_10_1002_aelm_201900458
crossref_primary_10_1587_elex_6_831
crossref_primary_10_1080_10584580600660454
crossref_primary_10_1143_JJAP_51_04DD01
crossref_primary_10_1088_1674_1056_19_10_107702
crossref_primary_10_1143_JJAP_46_6976
crossref_primary_10_3390_nano11010101
crossref_primary_10_1080_10584580600659621
crossref_primary_10_1088_0268_1242_24_10_105029
crossref_primary_10_14723_tmrsj_32_71
crossref_primary_10_7567_JJAP_56_04CE04
crossref_primary_10_7567_JJAP_56_04CE07
crossref_primary_10_2109_jcersj2_118_1013
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_orgel_2022_106585
crossref_primary_10_1088_2634_4386_ac4918
crossref_primary_10_1080_00150193_2011_568308
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cap_2011_03_016
crossref_primary_10_1088_0957_4484_20_47_475305
crossref_primary_10_1186_1556_276X_7_285
crossref_primary_10_1080_07315171_2019_1668682
crossref_primary_10_1088_0268_1242_23_4_045011
crossref_primary_10_1109_TED_2021_3061330
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00339_022_06212_6
crossref_primary_10_1002_aelm_201900444
crossref_primary_10_1143_JJAP_45_7341
crossref_primary_10_1080_10584587_2012_660836
crossref_primary_10_1080_10584587_2011_573739
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_mee_2007_04_031
crossref_primary_10_1109_LED_2015_2472987
crossref_primary_10_1080_00150193_2012_676933
crossref_primary_10_1109_JPROC_2023_3234607
crossref_primary_10_1002_adfm_202205933
crossref_primary_10_3390_ma12030399
crossref_primary_10_1143_JJAP_44_6218
crossref_primary_10_1088_1361_6528_ac189f
crossref_primary_10_48175_IJARSCT_18129
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10825_017_1053_0
crossref_primary_10_1002_smll_202304445
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41928_020_0413_0
crossref_primary_10_1002_adma_201004673
crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2021_3061721
crossref_primary_10_1021_acsami_0c11155
crossref_primary_10_1088_2053_1583_aa5c17
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00339_019_3091_x
crossref_primary_10_1002_adma_202204904
crossref_primary_10_1109_TED_2011_2110653
crossref_primary_10_1063_1_3640806
crossref_primary_10_1587_transele_E94_C_539
crossref_primary_10_1088_0268_1242_24_2_025012
crossref_primary_10_7567_JJAP_54_088004
crossref_primary_10_1109_TED_2020_3004033
crossref_primary_10_1143_JJAP_50_04DD09
crossref_primary_10_1109_JSSC_2010_2061650
crossref_primary_10_1143_JJAP_48_09KA19
crossref_primary_10_1002_admi_202201458
crossref_primary_10_1143_JJAP_46_2157
crossref_primary_10_1109_TDMR_2005_860818
crossref_primary_10_1080_10584580701756318
Cites_doi 10.1063/1.1729173
10.1063/1.124446
10.1109/LED.2002.1015207
10.1143/JPSJ.31.506
10.1109/IEDM.1987.191530
10.1143/JJAP.41.6890
10.1109/LED.2002.1004214
10.1109/IEDM.1987.191531
10.1016/S0169-4332(96)00963-4
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) 2004
Copyright_xml – notice: Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) 2004
DBID RIA
RIE
AAYXX
CITATION
7SP
8FD
L7M
7U5
7QF
F28
FR3
JG9
DOI 10.1109/LED.2004.828992
DatabaseName IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 1998–Present
IEEE Electronic Library Online
CrossRef
Electronics & Communications Abstracts
Technology Research Database
Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace
Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts
Aluminium Industry Abstracts
ANTE: Abstracts in New Technology & Engineering
Engineering Research Database
Materials Research Database
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
Technology Research Database
Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace
Electronics & Communications Abstracts
Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts
Materials Research Database
Aluminium Industry Abstracts
Engineering Research Database
ANTE: Abstracts in New Technology & Engineering
DatabaseTitleList Materials Research Database

Technology Research Database
Technology Research Database
Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: RIE
  name: IEEE Electronic Library Online
  url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/
  sourceTypes: Publisher
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Engineering
EISSN 1558-0563
EndPage 371
ExternalDocumentID 2585734911
10_1109_LED_2004_828992
1302229
Genre orig-research
GroupedDBID -~X
.DC
0R~
29I
4.4
5GY
5VS
6IK
97E
AAJGR
AASAJ
ABQJQ
ABVLG
ACGFO
ACIWK
ACNCT
AENEX
AETIX
AFFNX
AI.
AIBXA
AKJIK
ALLEH
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
ATWAV
BEFXN
BFFAM
BGNUA
BKEBE
BPEOZ
CS3
DU5
EBS
EJD
HZ~
IBMZZ
ICLAB
IFIPE
IFJZH
IPLJI
JAVBF
LAI
M43
O9-
OCL
P2P
RIA
RIE
RIG
RNS
TAE
TN5
TWZ
VH1
XFK
AAYXX
CITATION
7SP
8FD
L7M
7U5
7QF
F28
FR3
JG9
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c426t-d436a7de2903bf75a6d1890ee341bb2fabc86e3e760b752367bdc2360550acb3
IEDL.DBID RIE
ISSN 0741-3106
IngestDate Fri Aug 16 08:44:13 EDT 2024
Fri Aug 16 22:32:56 EDT 2024
Fri Aug 16 21:59:36 EDT 2024
Thu Oct 10 16:44:26 EDT 2024
Fri Aug 23 01:29:30 EDT 2024
Wed Jun 26 19:20:32 EDT 2024
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 6
Language English
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c426t-d436a7de2903bf75a6d1890ee341bb2fabc86e3e760b752367bdc2360550acb3
Notes ObjectType-Article-2
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-1
content type line 23
PQID 921353868
PQPubID 23500
PageCount 3
ParticipantIDs proquest_miscellaneous_28954905
crossref_primary_10_1109_LED_2004_828992
proquest_miscellaneous_28395434
proquest_miscellaneous_896211744
ieee_primary_1302229
proquest_journals_921353868
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2004-06-01
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2004-06-01
PublicationDate_xml – month: 06
  year: 2004
  text: 2004-06-01
  day: 01
PublicationDecade 2000
PublicationPlace New York
PublicationPlace_xml – name: New York
PublicationTitle IEEE electron device letters
PublicationTitleAbbrev LED
PublicationYear 2004
Publisher IEEE
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher_xml – name: IEEE
– name: The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
References chan (ref8) 1987
chang (ref7) 1987
ref9
ref4
ref11
ref10
ref5
migita (ref3) 2001; 40
sakai (ref6) 0
ref2
ref1
References_xml – ident: ref9
  doi: 10.1063/1.1729173
– ident: ref2
  doi: 10.1063/1.124446
– ident: ref11
  doi: 10.1109/LED.2002.1015207
– ident: ref10
  doi: 10.1143/JPSJ.31.506
– volume: 40
  start-page: 1533
  year: 2001
  ident: ref3
  article-title: epitaxial structure srbi$_{2}$ ta$_{2}$o$_{9}$ $\langle 116\rangle$-srtio $_{3}$$\langle 011\rangle$-ce $_{0.12}$ zr$_{0.88}$o $_{2}$$\langle 001\rangle$-si $\langle 001\rangle$ for ferroelectric-gate fet memory
  publication-title: Integr Ferroelect
  contributor:
    fullname: migita
– start-page: 714
  year: 1987
  ident: ref7
  article-title: corner-field induced drain leakage in thin oxide mosfets
  publication-title: 1987 International Electron Devices Meeting
  doi: 10.1109/IEDM.1987.191530
  contributor:
    fullname: chang
– ident: ref5
  doi: 10.1143/JJAP.41.6890
– ident: ref4
  doi: 10.1109/LED.2002.1004214
– start-page: 718
  year: 1987
  ident: ref8
  article-title: the impact of gate-induced drain leakage current on mosfet scaling
  publication-title: 1987 International Electron Devices Meeting
  doi: 10.1109/IEDM.1987.191531
  contributor:
    fullname: chan
– ident: ref1
  doi: 10.1016/S0169-4332(96)00963-4
– year: 0
  ident: ref6
  publication-title: Semiconducting and ferroelectric memory devices and the fabrication method thereof
  contributor:
    fullname: sakai
SSID ssj0014474
Score 2.2655983
Snippet A ferroelectric memory field-effect transistor (FET) with a Pt-SrBi/sub 2/Ta/sub 2/O/sub 9/-Hf-Al-O-Si gate stack was fabricated and its electrical properties...
A ferroelectric memory field-effect transistor (FET) with a Pt-SrBi(2)Ta(2)O(9)-Hf-Al-O-Si gate stack was fabricated and its electrical properties were...
A ferroelectric memory field-effect transistor (FET) with a Pt-SrBi sub(2)Ta sub(2)O sub(9)-Hf-Al-O-Si gate stack was fabricated and its electrical properties...
SourceID proquest
crossref
ieee
SourceType Aggregation Database
Publisher
StartPage 369
SubjectTerms Crystallization
Devices
Durability
Electric potential
Electrodes
Endurance
Ferroelectric materials
Ferroelectricity
FETs
Gates
Insulation
Laser ablation
Nonvolatile memory
Pulsed laser deposition
Random access memory
Voltage
Title Metal-ferroelectric-insulator-semiconductor memory FET with long retention and high endurance
URI https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1302229
https://www.proquest.com/docview/921353868
https://search.proquest.com/docview/28395434
https://search.proquest.com/docview/28954905
https://search.proquest.com/docview/896211744
Volume 25
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
link http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwjV1Lb9QwEB61PcEBWgoitIAPHDjgrZv4ER8RtKoQy6lIvaDIjwlCQIKyuwf49Xjs3eVZxCmRMpEsj-35xjPzDcAT5Vx0UlkumjZwGU3krTeSB6-i7UPTYm7nM3-jL97KV1fqageebWthEDEnn-GMXnMsP45hRVdlJxRkq2u7C7vG2lKrtY0YSFkYl5OFTOeK0Gsan1NhT16fvcyO4Cx7F_UvFii3VPnjHM7G5fw2zDfDKjklH2erpZ-Fb78xNv7vuPfh1hplsudlWRzADg534OZP3IOH8G6OCXfzHqdpLL1wPgSeM9PJDecLSpofB2KDHSf2mfJxv7Lzs0tGF7fs0zi8ZxPhbdIrc0NkxHvMMP1AnTrwLlwm4RcXfN1rgYdko5c8ykY7E7G2ovG9UU7H09YKxGTlvK9750OrsUGjhTeKaN98DOkhkofjgm_uwd4wDngfmMQEIoV2SgUtgwxW-0aa0AudwGhvRAVPN9PffSmMGl32RITtkqaoL6bsiqYqOKTJ_CFW5rGCo426uvWOW3S2pg4erW4reLz9mrYKxT_cgONq0SUkZamS9l8SFPUUqgJ2jURrdXKZjZQP_j62I7hRcnvonuYY9pbTCh8m2LL0j_J6_Q5S-euz
link.rule.ids 315,783,787,799,27938,27939,55088
linkProvider IEEE
linkToHtml http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwjV1Lj9MwEB4tywE48FoQYYH1gQMH3PUmthMfEeyqQLunIu0FRX5MEAISlLYH-PV47La8EadEykSyPLbnG8_MNwCPlbXBSmW4qBrPZagDb1wtuXcqmM5XDaZ2PvNzPX0jX12oiz14uquFQcSUfIYTek2x_DD4NV2VHVOQrSzNJbisCFfkaq1dzEDKzLkcbWQ8WYTeEPmcCHM8O32RXMFJ8i_Kn2xQaqry20mczMvZDZhvB5azSj5M1is38V9_4Wz835HfhOsbnMme5YVxC_awvw3XfmAfPIC3c4zIm3c4jkPuhvPe85SbTo44X1La_NATH-wwsk-UkfuFnZ0uGF3dso9D_46NhLhJs8z2gRHzMcP4A_XqwDuwiMLPp3zTbYH7aKVXPMhK2zpgaUTlulpZHU4aIxCjnXOu7KzzjcYKay1crYj4zQUfHyLqwnpX3YX9fujxHjCJEUYKbZXyWnrpjXaVrH0ndISjXS0KeLKd_vZz5tRoky8iTBs1RZ0xZZs1VcABTeZ3sTyPBRxu1dVu9tyyNSX18Gh0U8DR7mvcLBQBsT0O62UbsZShWtp_SVDcU6gC2F8kGqOj01xLef_PYzuCK9PFfNbOXp6_PoSrOdOHbm0ewP5qXOPDCGJW7lFau98AzITvAA
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Metal%E2%80%93Ferroelectric%E2%80%93Insulator%E2%80%93Semiconductor+Memory+FET+With+Long+Retention+and+High+Endurance&rft.jtitle=IEEE+electron+device+letters&rft.au=Sakai%2C+S.&rft.au=Ilangovan%2C+R.&rft.date=2004-06-01&rft.issn=0741-3106&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=369&rft.epage=371&rft_id=info:doi/10.1109%2FLED.2004.828992&rft.externalDBID=n%2Fa&rft.externalDocID=10_1109_LED_2004_828992
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0741-3106&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0741-3106&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0741-3106&client=summon