Macular, choroidal and disc associations across women’s reproductive life stages: a scoping review from menarche to post-menopause

• Published in: Eye (London) Vol. 39; no. 3; pp. 402 - 411
• Main Authors: Ribeiro Reis, Ana Paula, Ioannidou, Estelle, Stuart, Kelsey V., Wagner, Siegfried K., Foster, Paul J., Khawaja, Anthony P., Petzold, Axel, Sivaprasad, Sobha, Pontikos, Nikolas, Keane, Pearse A., Balaskas, Konstantinos, Patel, Praveen J.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 01.02.2025; Nature Publishing Group
• Subjects: 692/308/174; 692/698/1688/512/2613/1786; Adult; Blood flow; Body mass index; Choroid - anatomy & histology; Choroid - diagnostic imaging; Contraception; Estrogens; Female; Hormone replacement therapy; Humans; Laboratory Medicine; Macula Lutea - diagnostic imaging; Medical research; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Menarche; Menarche - physiology; Menopause; Menopause - physiology; Menstrual cycle; Menstrual Cycle - physiology; Menstruation; Middle Aged; Ophthalmology; Optic Disk - anatomy & histology; Optic Disk - diagnostic imaging; Pharmaceutical Sciences/Technology; Post-menopause; Postmenopause - physiology; Progesterone; Review; Review Article; Reviews; Sex differences; Surgery; Surgical Oncology; Tomography, Optical Coherence - methods; Trends

Oestrogen and progesterone fluctuate cyclically in women throughout their adult lives. Although these hormones cross the blood-retinal barrier and bind to intraocular receptors, their effects remain unclear. We present the first review to date on associations between posterior pole structures—specif...