Intricate diagnosis due to falsely elevated testosterone levels by immunoassay

Purpose Hormone immunoassay may be subject to interferences and, although rarely reported, this can occur for testosterone too. This work is aimed to highlight the importance of considering possible analytical interferences when the biochemical data doesn’t match with the clinical picture. Methods W...

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Published inEndocrine Vol. 88; no. 3; pp. 706 - 710
Main Authors Gardini, Benedetta, Bondanelli, Marta, Cariani, Alessio, Zatelli, Maria Chiara, Ambrosio, Maria Rosaria
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published New York Springer US 01.06.2025
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects
Adult
Aged
Antibodies, Heterophile - blood
Brief Report
Diabetes
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Errors
Endocrinology
False Positive Reactions
Humanities and Social Sciences
Humans
Immunoassay - methods
Internal Medicine
Liquid chromatography
Literature reviews
Male
Mass spectroscopy
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Middle Aged
multidisciplinary
Science
Testosterone
Testosterone - blood
Testosterone
Heterophilic antibodies
Hormone immunoassay
Laboratory interferences
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN1559-0100
1355-008X
1559-0100
DOI10.1007/s12020-025-04191-1

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Abstract Purpose Hormone immunoassay may be subject to interferences and, although rarely reported, this can occur for testosterone too. This work is aimed to highlight the importance of considering possible analytical interferences when the biochemical data doesn’t match with the clinical picture. Methods We report three cases of insidious diagnosis due to laboratory interference in testosterone immunoassay, and we provide a brief literature review on this issue. Results We found falsely high testosterone levels due to the presence of heterophilic antibodies, leading to unnecessary investigations, misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatments. Conclusion The detection of elevated testosterone levels on immunoassay not corresponding to clinical findings need to be confirmed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy, prior to escalation of complex diagnostic investigation and care.
AbstractList Hormone immunoassay may be subject to interferences and, although rarely reported, this can occur for testosterone too. This work is aimed to highlight the importance of considering possible analytical interferences when the biochemical data doesn't match with the clinical picture. We report three cases of insidious diagnosis due to laboratory interference in testosterone immunoassay, and we provide a brief literature review on this issue. We found falsely high testosterone levels due to the presence of heterophilic antibodies, leading to unnecessary investigations, misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatments. The detection of elevated testosterone levels on immunoassay not corresponding to clinical findings need to be confirmed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy, prior to escalation of complex diagnostic investigation and care.
Hormone immunoassay may be subject to interferences and, although rarely reported, this can occur for testosterone too. This work is aimed to highlight the importance of considering possible analytical interferences when the biochemical data doesn't match with the clinical picture.PURPOSEHormone immunoassay may be subject to interferences and, although rarely reported, this can occur for testosterone too. This work is aimed to highlight the importance of considering possible analytical interferences when the biochemical data doesn't match with the clinical picture.We report three cases of insidious diagnosis due to laboratory interference in testosterone immunoassay, and we provide a brief literature review on this issue.METHODSWe report three cases of insidious diagnosis due to laboratory interference in testosterone immunoassay, and we provide a brief literature review on this issue.We found falsely high testosterone levels due to the presence of heterophilic antibodies, leading to unnecessary investigations, misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatments.RESULTSWe found falsely high testosterone levels due to the presence of heterophilic antibodies, leading to unnecessary investigations, misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatments.The detection of elevated testosterone levels on immunoassay not corresponding to clinical findings need to be confirmed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy, prior to escalation of complex diagnostic investigation and care.CONCLUSIONThe detection of elevated testosterone levels on immunoassay not corresponding to clinical findings need to be confirmed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy, prior to escalation of complex diagnostic investigation and care.
PurposeHormone immunoassay may be subject to interferences and, although rarely reported, this can occur for testosterone too. This work is aimed to highlight the importance of considering possible analytical interferences when the biochemical data doesn’t match with the clinical picture.MethodsWe report three cases of insidious diagnosis due to laboratory interference in testosterone immunoassay, and we provide a brief literature review on this issue.ResultsWe found falsely high testosterone levels due to the presence of heterophilic antibodies, leading to unnecessary investigations, misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatments.ConclusionThe detection of elevated testosterone levels on immunoassay not corresponding to clinical findings need to be confirmed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy, prior to escalation of complex diagnostic investigation and care.
Purpose Hormone immunoassay may be subject to interferences and, although rarely reported, this can occur for testosterone too. This work is aimed to highlight the importance of considering possible analytical interferences when the biochemical data doesn’t match with the clinical picture. Methods We report three cases of insidious diagnosis due to laboratory interference in testosterone immunoassay, and we provide a brief literature review on this issue. Results We found falsely high testosterone levels due to the presence of heterophilic antibodies, leading to unnecessary investigations, misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatments. Conclusion The detection of elevated testosterone levels on immunoassay not corresponding to clinical findings need to be confirmed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy, prior to escalation of complex diagnostic investigation and care.
Author Cariani, Alessio
Ambrosio, Maria Rosaria
Zatelli, Maria Chiara
Bondanelli, Marta
Gardini, Benedetta
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Issue 3
Keywords Testosterone
Heterophilic antibodies
Hormone immunoassay
Laboratory interferences
Language English
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Snippet Purpose Hormone immunoassay may be subject to interferences and, although rarely reported, this can occur for testosterone too. This work is aimed to highlight...
Hormone immunoassay may be subject to interferences and, although rarely reported, this can occur for testosterone too. This work is aimed to highlight the...
PurposeHormone immunoassay may be subject to interferences and, although rarely reported, this can occur for testosterone too. This work is aimed to highlight...
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SubjectTerms Adult
Aged
Antibodies, Heterophile - blood
Brief Report
Diabetes
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Errors
Endocrinology
False Positive Reactions
Humanities and Social Sciences
Humans
Immunoassay - methods
Internal Medicine
Liquid chromatography
Literature reviews
Male
Mass spectroscopy
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Middle Aged
multidisciplinary
Science
Testosterone
Testosterone - blood
Title Intricate diagnosis due to falsely elevated testosterone levels by immunoassay
URI https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12020-025-04191-1
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39948210
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