Ethnic Differences in Insulin Sensitivity, β-Cell Function, and Hepatic Extraction Between Japanese and Caucasians: A Minimal Model Analysis
Context:Ethnic differences have previously been reported for type 2 diabetes.Objective:We aimed at assessing the potential differences between Caucasian and Japanese subjects ranging from normal glucose tolerance (NGT) to impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and to type 2 diabetes.Design:This was a cros...
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Published in | The journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism Vol. 99; no. 11; pp. 4273 - 4280 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Bethesda, MD
Oxford University Press
01.11.2014
Copyright by The Endocrine Society Endocrine Society |
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Abstract | Context:Ethnic differences have previously been reported for type 2 diabetes.Objective:We aimed at assessing the potential differences between Caucasian and Japanese subjects ranging from normal glucose tolerance (NGT) to impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and to type 2 diabetes.Design:This was a cross-sectional study with oral glucose tolerance tests to assess β-cell function, hepatic insulin extraction, and insulin sensitivity.Participants:Participants included 120 Japanese and 150 Caucasian subjects.Main Outcomes:Measures of β-cell function, hepatic extraction, and insulin sensitivity were assessed using C-peptide, glucose, and insulin minimal models.Results:Basal β-cell function (Φb) was lower in Japanese compared with Caucasians (P < .01). In subjects with IGT, estimates of the dynamic (Φd) and static (Φs) β-cell responsiveness were significantly lower in the Japanese compared with Caucasians (P < .05). In contrast, values of insulin action showed higher sensitivity in the Japanese IGT subjects. Hepatic extraction was similar in NGT and IGT groups but higher in Japanese type 2 diabetic subjects (P < .01). Despite differences in insulin sensitivity, β-cell function, and hepatic extraction, the disposition indices were similar between the 2 ethnic groups at all glucose tolerance states. Furthermore, the overall insulin sensitivity and β-cell responsiveness for all glucose tolerance states were similar in Japanese and Caucasians after accounting for differences in body mass index.Conclusion:Our study provides evidence for a similar ability of Japanese and Caucasians to compensate for increased insulin resistance. |
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AbstractList | Context:Ethnic differences have previously been reported for type 2 diabetes.Objective:We aimed at assessing the potential differences between Caucasian and Japanese subjects ranging from normal glucose tolerance (NGT) to impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and to type 2 diabetes.Design:This was a cross-sectional study with oral glucose tolerance tests to assess β-cell function, hepatic insulin extraction, and insulin sensitivity.Participants:Participants included 120 Japanese and 150 Caucasian subjects.Main Outcomes:Measures of β-cell function, hepatic extraction, and insulin sensitivity were assessed using C-peptide, glucose, and insulin minimal models.Results:Basal β-cell function (Φb) was lower in Japanese compared with Caucasians (P < .01). In subjects with IGT, estimates of the dynamic (Φd) and static (Φs) β-cell responsiveness were significantly lower in the Japanese compared with Caucasians (P < .05). In contrast, values of insulin action showed higher sensitivity in the Japanese IGT subjects. Hepatic extraction was similar in NGT and IGT groups but higher in Japanese type 2 diabetic subjects (P < .01). Despite differences in insulin sensitivity, β-cell function, and hepatic extraction, the disposition indices were similar between the 2 ethnic groups at all glucose tolerance states. Furthermore, the overall insulin sensitivity and β-cell responsiveness for all glucose tolerance states were similar in Japanese and Caucasians after accounting for differences in body mass index.Conclusion:Our study provides evidence for a similar ability of Japanese and Caucasians to compensate for increased insulin resistance. CONTEXT:Ethnic differences have previously been reported for type 2 diabetes. OBJECTIVE:We aimed at assessing the potential differences between Caucasian and Japanese subjects ranging from normal glucose tolerance (NGT) to impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and to type 2 diabetes. DESIGN:This was a cross-sectional study with oral glucose tolerance tests to assess β-cell function, hepatic insulin extraction, and insulin sensitivity. PARTICIPANTS:Participants included 120 Japanese and 150 Caucasian subjects. MAIN OUTCOMES:Measures of β-cell function, hepatic extraction, and insulin sensitivity were assessed using C-peptide, glucose, and insulin minimal models. RESULTS:Basal β-cell function (Φb) was lower in Japanese compared with Caucasians (P < .01). In subjects with IGT, estimates of the dynamic (Φd) and static (Φs) β-cell responsiveness were significantly lower in the Japanese compared with Caucasians (P < .05). In contrast, values of insulin action showed higher sensitivity in the Japanese IGT subjects. Hepatic extraction was similar in NGT and IGT groups but higher in Japanese type 2 diabetic subjects (P < .01). Despite differences in insulin sensitivity, β-cell function, and hepatic extraction, the disposition indices were similar between the 2 ethnic groups at all glucose tolerance states. Furthermore, the overall insulin sensitivity and β-cell responsiveness for all glucose tolerance states were similar in Japanese and Caucasians after accounting for differences in body mass index. CONCLUSION:Our study provides evidence for a similar ability of Japanese and Caucasians to compensate for increased insulin resistance. Ethnic differences have previously been reported for type 2 diabetes.CONTEXTEthnic differences have previously been reported for type 2 diabetes.We aimed at assessing the potential differences between Caucasian and Japanese subjects ranging from normal glucose tolerance (NGT) to impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and to type 2 diabetes.OBJECTIVEWe aimed at assessing the potential differences between Caucasian and Japanese subjects ranging from normal glucose tolerance (NGT) to impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and to type 2 diabetes.This was a cross-sectional study with oral glucose tolerance tests to assess β-cell function, hepatic insulin extraction, and insulin sensitivity.DESIGNThis was a cross-sectional study with oral glucose tolerance tests to assess β-cell function, hepatic insulin extraction, and insulin sensitivity.PARTICIPANTS included 120 Japanese and 150 Caucasian subjects.PARTICIPANTSPARTICIPANTS included 120 Japanese and 150 Caucasian subjects.Measures of β-cell function, hepatic extraction, and insulin sensitivity were assessed using C-peptide, glucose, and insulin minimal models.MAIN OUTCOMESMeasures of β-cell function, hepatic extraction, and insulin sensitivity were assessed using C-peptide, glucose, and insulin minimal models.Basal β-cell function (Φ(b)) was lower in Japanese compared with Caucasians (P < .01). In subjects with IGT, estimates of the dynamic (Φ(d)) and static (Φ(s)) β-cell responsiveness were significantly lower in the Japanese compared with Caucasians (P < .05). In contrast, values of insulin action showed higher sensitivity in the Japanese IGT subjects. Hepatic extraction was similar in NGT and IGT groups but higher in Japanese type 2 diabetic subjects (P < .01). Despite differences in insulin sensitivity, β-cell function, and hepatic extraction, the disposition indices were similar between the 2 ethnic groups at all glucose tolerance states. Furthermore, the overall insulin sensitivity and β-cell responsiveness for all glucose tolerance states were similar in Japanese and Caucasians after accounting for differences in body mass index.RESULTSBasal β-cell function (Φ(b)) was lower in Japanese compared with Caucasians (P < .01). In subjects with IGT, estimates of the dynamic (Φ(d)) and static (Φ(s)) β-cell responsiveness were significantly lower in the Japanese compared with Caucasians (P < .05). In contrast, values of insulin action showed higher sensitivity in the Japanese IGT subjects. Hepatic extraction was similar in NGT and IGT groups but higher in Japanese type 2 diabetic subjects (P < .01). Despite differences in insulin sensitivity, β-cell function, and hepatic extraction, the disposition indices were similar between the 2 ethnic groups at all glucose tolerance states. Furthermore, the overall insulin sensitivity and β-cell responsiveness for all glucose tolerance states were similar in Japanese and Caucasians after accounting for differences in body mass index.Our study provides evidence for a similar ability of Japanese and Caucasians to compensate for increased insulin resistance.CONCLUSIONOur study provides evidence for a similar ability of Japanese and Caucasians to compensate for increased insulin resistance. Ethnic differences have previously been reported for type 2 diabetes. We aimed at assessing the potential differences between Caucasian and Japanese subjects ranging from normal glucose tolerance (NGT) to impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and to type 2 diabetes. This was a cross-sectional study with oral glucose tolerance tests to assess β-cell function, hepatic insulin extraction, and insulin sensitivity. PARTICIPANTS included 120 Japanese and 150 Caucasian subjects. Measures of β-cell function, hepatic extraction, and insulin sensitivity were assessed using C-peptide, glucose, and insulin minimal models. Basal β-cell function (Φ(b)) was lower in Japanese compared with Caucasians (P < .01). In subjects with IGT, estimates of the dynamic (Φ(d)) and static (Φ(s)) β-cell responsiveness were significantly lower in the Japanese compared with Caucasians (P < .05). In contrast, values of insulin action showed higher sensitivity in the Japanese IGT subjects. Hepatic extraction was similar in NGT and IGT groups but higher in Japanese type 2 diabetic subjects (P < .01). Despite differences in insulin sensitivity, β-cell function, and hepatic extraction, the disposition indices were similar between the 2 ethnic groups at all glucose tolerance states. Furthermore, the overall insulin sensitivity and β-cell responsiveness for all glucose tolerance states were similar in Japanese and Caucasians after accounting for differences in body mass index. Our study provides evidence for a similar ability of Japanese and Caucasians to compensate for increased insulin resistance. |
Author | Dalla Man, Chiara Tornøe, Christoffer W. Ohsugi, Mitsuru Pedersen, Bente K. Pedersen, Maria Cobelli, Claudio Tanaka, Haruhiko Møller, Jonas B. Overgaard, Rune V. Ingwersen, Steen H. Kadowaki, Takashi Vasconcelos, Nina-Maria Ueki, Kohjiru Lynge, Jan |
AuthorAffiliation | Novo Nordisk A/S (J.B.M., R.V.O., S.H.I., C.W.T., J.L., N.-M.V.), 2880 Bagsvaerd, Denmark; Department of Information Engineering (C.D.M., C.C.), Universita di Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and the Centre for Physical Activity Research (M.P., B.K.P.), Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; and Department of Metabolic Diseases (H.T., M.O., K.U., T.K.), Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 113-8654 Tokyo, Japan |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: Novo Nordisk A/S (J.B.M., R.V.O., S.H.I., C.W.T., J.L., N.-M.V.), 2880 Bagsvaerd, Denmark; Department of Information Engineering (C.D.M., C.C.), Universita di Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and the Centre for Physical Activity Research (M.P., B.K.P.), Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; and Department of Metabolic Diseases (H.T., M.O., K.U., T.K.), Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 113-8654 Tokyo, Japan |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Jonas B. surname: Møller fullname: Møller, Jonas B. organization: 1Novo Nordisk A/S (J.B.M., R.V.O., S.H.I., C.W.T., J.L., N.-M.V.), 2880 Bagsvaerd, Denmark – sequence: 2 givenname: Chiara surname: Dalla Man fullname: Dalla Man, Chiara organization: 2Department of Information Engineering (C.D.M., C.C.), Universita di Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy – sequence: 3 givenname: Rune V. surname: Overgaard fullname: Overgaard, Rune V. organization: 1Novo Nordisk A/S (J.B.M., R.V.O., S.H.I., C.W.T., J.L., N.-M.V.), 2880 Bagsvaerd, Denmark – sequence: 4 givenname: Steen H. surname: Ingwersen fullname: Ingwersen, Steen H. email: SI@novonordisk.com organization: 1Novo Nordisk A/S (J.B.M., R.V.O., S.H.I., C.W.T., J.L., N.-M.V.), 2880 Bagsvaerd, Denmark – sequence: 5 givenname: Christoffer W. surname: Tornøe fullname: Tornøe, Christoffer W. organization: 1Novo Nordisk A/S (J.B.M., R.V.O., S.H.I., C.W.T., J.L., N.-M.V.), 2880 Bagsvaerd, Denmark – sequence: 6 givenname: Maria surname: Pedersen fullname: Pedersen, Maria organization: 3The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and the Centre for Physical Activity Research (M.P., B.K.P.), Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark – sequence: 7 givenname: Haruhiko surname: Tanaka fullname: Tanaka, Haruhiko organization: 4Department of Metabolic Diseases (H.T., M.O., K.U., T.K.), Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 113-8654 Tokyo, Japan – sequence: 8 givenname: Mitsuru surname: Ohsugi fullname: Ohsugi, Mitsuru organization: 4Department of Metabolic Diseases (H.T., M.O., K.U., T.K.), Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 113-8654 Tokyo, Japan – sequence: 9 givenname: Kohjiru surname: Ueki fullname: Ueki, Kohjiru organization: 4Department of Metabolic Diseases (H.T., M.O., K.U., T.K.), Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 113-8654 Tokyo, Japan – sequence: 10 givenname: Jan surname: Lynge fullname: Lynge, Jan organization: 1Novo Nordisk A/S (J.B.M., R.V.O., S.H.I., C.W.T., J.L., N.-M.V.), 2880 Bagsvaerd, Denmark – sequence: 11 givenname: Nina-Maria surname: Vasconcelos fullname: Vasconcelos, Nina-Maria organization: 1Novo Nordisk A/S (J.B.M., R.V.O., S.H.I., C.W.T., J.L., N.-M.V.), 2880 Bagsvaerd, Denmark – sequence: 12 givenname: Bente K. surname: Pedersen fullname: Pedersen, Bente K. organization: 3The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and the Centre for Physical Activity Research (M.P., B.K.P.), Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark – sequence: 13 givenname: Takashi surname: Kadowaki fullname: Kadowaki, Takashi organization: 4Department of Metabolic Diseases (H.T., M.O., K.U., T.K.), Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 113-8654 Tokyo, Japan – sequence: 14 givenname: Claudio surname: Cobelli fullname: Cobelli, Claudio organization: 2Department of Information Engineering (C.D.M., C.C.), Universita di Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy |
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Snippet | Context:Ethnic differences have previously been reported for type 2 diabetes.Objective:We aimed at assessing the potential differences between Caucasian and... CONTEXT:Ethnic differences have previously been reported for type 2 diabetes. OBJECTIVE:We aimed at assessing the potential differences between Caucasian and... Ethnic differences have previously been reported for type 2 diabetes. We aimed at assessing the potential differences between Caucasian and Japanese subjects... Ethnic differences have previously been reported for type 2 diabetes.CONTEXTEthnic differences have previously been reported for type 2 diabetes.We aimed at... |
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SubjectTerms | Adult Aged Asian Continental Ancestry Group Beta cells Biological and medical sciences Blood Glucose Body mass index Cell culture Cross-Sectional Studies Cultural differences Diabetes Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent) Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - blood Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - ethnology Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - physiopathology Endocrinopathies European Continental Ancestry Group Feeding. Feeding behavior Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Glucose Glucose Intolerance - blood Glucose Intolerance - ethnology Glucose Intolerance - physiopathology Glucose tolerance Glucose Tolerance Test Humans Insulin - blood Insulin resistance Insulin Resistance - ethnology Insulin-Secreting Cells - physiology Japan Liver Liver - physiopathology Male Medical sciences Middle Aged Minority & ethnic groups Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems Vertebrates: endocrinology White people |
Title | Ethnic Differences in Insulin Sensitivity, β-Cell Function, and Hepatic Extraction Between Japanese and Caucasians: A Minimal Model Analysis |
URI | https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&NEWS=n&CSC=Y&PAGE=fulltext&D=ovft&AN=00004678-201411000-00046 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25119313 https://www.proquest.com/docview/3164476564 https://www.proquest.com/docview/1622056457 |
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