Making whole blood available in austere medical environments: donor performance and safety

BACKGROUND To provide whole blood on the battlefield can be a challenge, but a buddy system protocol is both an elegant and the only currently available means to supply blood to a Special Forces team in far‐forward locations. Our aim was to investigate donor‐safety associated with such a protocol. M...

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Published inTransfusion (Philadelphia, Pa.) Vol. 56; no. S2; pp. S166 - S172
Main Authors Eliassen, Håkon S., Aandstad, Anders, Bjerkvig, Christopher, Fosse, Theodor, Audun Hervig, Tor, Pidcoke, Heather F., Strandenes, Geir
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.04.2016
Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
Subjects
Blood & organ donations
Blood Donors - statistics & numerical data
Double-Blind Method
Exercise - physiology
Exercise Test
Heart Rate - physiology
Humans
Male
Military Personnel
Oxygen Consumption - physiology
Special forces
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Abstract BACKGROUND To provide whole blood on the battlefield can be a challenge, but a buddy system protocol is both an elegant and the only currently available means to supply blood to a Special Forces team in far‐forward locations. Our aim was to investigate donor‐safety associated with such a protocol. METHODS This study was a randomized, double‐blinded, controlled trial that aimed to evaluate the immediate effects of a 450 cc blood donation on physical performance in fatigued and dehydrated Special Forces soldiers. The primary outcome variables were absolute and relative maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), exercise tolerance time (ETT) and heart rate (HR). RESULTS Relative VO2max decreased by 7.1% in the donation group between pre and posttest, compared to no change in the control group. Absolute VO2max decreased by 11.2 and 3.6% between pre and posttest in the donation and control groups, respectively. Mean ETT in the donation group was on average 92 seconds shorter compared to baseline, which represents a decrease of 9.5%. CONCLUSION Donating blood after a week of strenuous physical activity is feasible for Special Forces personnel. While the donation results in some diminishment of VO2max, a 3.6%‐11.2% decrease in relative VO2max, and in elevation of submaximal HR levels highly trained personnel continue to perform well both at both sub‐maximal and maximal effort levels.
AbstractList BACKGROUND To provide whole blood on the battlefield can be a challenge, but a buddy system protocol is both an elegant and the only currently available means to supply blood to a Special Forces team in far-forward locations. Our aim was to investigate donor-safety associated with such a protocol. METHODS This study was a randomized, double-blinded, controlled trial that aimed to evaluate the immediate effects of a 450 cc blood donation on physical performance in fatigued and dehydrated Special Forces soldiers. The primary outcome variables were absolute and relative maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), exercise tolerance time (ETT) and heart rate (HR). RESULTS Relative VO2max decreased by 7.1% in the donation group between pre and posttest, compared to no change in the control group. Absolute VO2max decreased by 11.2 and 3.6% between pre and posttest in the donation and control groups, respectively. Mean ETT in the donation group was on average 92 seconds shorter compared to baseline, which represents a decrease of 9.5%. CONCLUSION Donating blood after a week of strenuous physical activity is feasible for Special Forces personnel. While the donation results in some diminishment of VO2max, a 3.6%-11.2% decrease in relative VO2max, and in elevation of submaximal HR levels highly trained personnel continue to perform well both at both sub-maximal and maximal effort levels.
BACKGROUND To provide whole blood on the battlefield can be a challenge, but a buddy system protocol is both an elegant and the only currently available means to supply blood to a Special Forces team in far‐forward locations. Our aim was to investigate donor‐safety associated with such a protocol. METHODS This study was a randomized, double‐blinded, controlled trial that aimed to evaluate the immediate effects of a 450 cc blood donation on physical performance in fatigued and dehydrated Special Forces soldiers. The primary outcome variables were absolute and relative maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), exercise tolerance time (ETT) and heart rate (HR). RESULTS Relative VO2max decreased by 7.1% in the donation group between pre and posttest, compared to no change in the control group. Absolute VO2max decreased by 11.2 and 3.6% between pre and posttest in the donation and control groups, respectively. Mean ETT in the donation group was on average 92 seconds shorter compared to baseline, which represents a decrease of 9.5%. CONCLUSION Donating blood after a week of strenuous physical activity is feasible for Special Forces personnel. While the donation results in some diminishment of VO2max, a 3.6%‐11.2% decrease in relative VO2max, and in elevation of submaximal HR levels highly trained personnel continue to perform well both at both sub‐maximal and maximal effort levels.
BACKGROUND To provide whole blood on the battlefield can be a challenge, but a buddy system protocol is both an elegant and the only currently available means to supply blood to a Special Forces team in far‐forward locations. Our aim was to investigate donor‐safety associated with such a protocol. METHODS This study was a randomized, double‐blinded, controlled trial that aimed to evaluate the immediate effects of a 450 cc blood donation on physical performance in fatigued and dehydrated Special Forces soldiers. The primary outcome variables were absolute and relative maximal oxygen uptake (VO 2max ), exercise tolerance time (ETT) and heart rate (HR). RESULTS Relative VO 2max decreased by 7.1% in the donation group between pre and posttest, compared to no change in the control group. Absolute VO 2max decreased by 11.2 and 3.6% between pre and posttest in the donation and control groups, respectively. Mean ETT in the donation group was on average 92 seconds shorter compared to baseline, which represents a decrease of 9.5%. CONCLUSION Donating blood after a week of strenuous physical activity is feasible for Special Forces personnel. While the donation results in some diminishment of VO 2max , a 3.6%‐11.2% decrease in relative VO 2max , and in elevation of submaximal HR levels highly trained personnel continue to perform well both at both sub‐maximal and maximal effort levels.
BACKGROUNDTo provide whole blood on the battlefield can be a challenge, but a buddy system protocol is both an elegant and the only currently available means to supply blood to a Special Forces team in far-forward locations. Our aim was to investigate donor-safety associated with such a protocol.METHODSThis study was a randomized, double-blinded, controlled trial that aimed to evaluate the immediate effects of a 450 cc blood donation on physical performance in fatigued and dehydrated Special Forces soldiers. The primary outcome variables were absolute and relative maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max ), exercise tolerance time (ETT) and heart rate (HR).RESULTSRelative VO2max decreased by 7.1% in the donation group between pre and posttest, compared to no change in the control group. Absolute VO2max decreased by 11.2 and 3.6% between pre and posttest in the donation and control groups, respectively. Mean ETT in the donation group was on average 92 seconds shorter compared to baseline, which represents a decrease of 9.5%.CONCLUSIONDonating blood after a week of strenuous physical activity is feasible for Special Forces personnel. While the donation results in some diminishment of VO2max , a 3.6%-11.2% decrease in relative VO2max , and in elevation of submaximal HR levels highly trained personnel continue to perform well both at both sub-maximal and maximal effort levels.
To provide whole blood on the battlefield can be a challenge, but a buddy system protocol is both an elegant and the only currently available means to supply blood to a Special Forces team in far-forward locations. Our aim was to investigate donor-safety associated with such a protocol. This study was a randomized, double-blinded, controlled trial that aimed to evaluate the immediate effects of a 450 cc blood donation on physical performance in fatigued and dehydrated Special Forces soldiers. The primary outcome variables were absolute and relative maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max ), exercise tolerance time (ETT) and heart rate (HR). Relative VO2max decreased by 7.1% in the donation group between pre and posttest, compared to no change in the control group. Absolute VO2max decreased by 11.2 and 3.6% between pre and posttest in the donation and control groups, respectively. Mean ETT in the donation group was on average 92 seconds shorter compared to baseline, which represents a decrease of 9.5%. Donating blood after a week of strenuous physical activity is feasible for Special Forces personnel. While the donation results in some diminishment of VO2max , a 3.6%-11.2% decrease in relative VO2max , and in elevation of submaximal HR levels highly trained personnel continue to perform well both at both sub-maximal and maximal effort levels.
Author Audun Hervig, Tor
Strandenes, Geir
Bjerkvig, Christopher
Aandstad, Anders
Fosse, Theodor
Pidcoke, Heather F.
Eliassen, Håkon S.
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Snippet BACKGROUND To provide whole blood on the battlefield can be a challenge, but a buddy system protocol is both an elegant and the only currently available means...
To provide whole blood on the battlefield can be a challenge, but a buddy system protocol is both an elegant and the only currently available means to supply...
BACKGROUND To provide whole blood on the battlefield can be a challenge, but a buddy system protocol is both an elegant and the only currently available means...
BACKGROUNDTo provide whole blood on the battlefield can be a challenge, but a buddy system protocol is both an elegant and the only currently available means...
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pubmed
wiley
istex
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StartPage S166
SubjectTerms Blood & organ donations
Blood Donors - statistics & numerical data
Double-Blind Method
Exercise - physiology
Exercise Test
Heart Rate - physiology
Humans
Male
Military Personnel
Oxygen Consumption - physiology
Special forces
Title Making whole blood available in austere medical environments: donor performance and safety
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https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111%2Ftrf.13510
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27100753
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1783066495
https://search.proquest.com/docview/1783910210
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