Recreational exposure to polluted open water and infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

• Published in: Environment international Vol. 200; p. 109371
• Main Authors: Jones, Matt Lloyd, Clare Leonard, Anne Frances, Bethel, Alison, Lamb, Emma, Gaze, William H., Taylor, Tim, Singer, Andrew C., Ukoumunne, Obioha C., Garside, Ruth
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier Ltd 01.06.2025; Elsevier
• Subjects: Environmental Exposure - statistics & numerical data; Humans; Infection; meta-analysis; Meta-Analysis as Topic; Pollution; Recreation; Recreationnal water; Swimming; Systematic review; Systematic Reviews as Topic; Wastewater; Water Microbiology; Water Pollution - statistics & numerical data; Water quality; Infection; meta-analysis; Systematic review; Pollution; Recreationnal water; Water quality

Open water recreation (e.g. swimming, surfing) is growing in popularity alongside concerns about contracting infections as a result of wastewater (including sewage) and runoff pollution in seas, rivers, lakes, and other bodies of open water. Previous systematic reviews have found evidence for a posi...