Anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 contributes to the determination of reserve cells during myogenic differentiation of C2C12 cells

Summary Skeletal muscle's regenerative ability is vital for maintaining muscle function, but chronic diseases like Duchenne muscular dystrophy can deplete this capacity. Muscle satellite cells, quiescent in normal situations, are activated during muscle injury, expressing myogenic regulatory fa...

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Published in	In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Animal Vol. 60; no. 7; pp. 760 - 770
Main Authors	Nagata, Yosuke, Tomimori, Jun, Hagiwara, Tomoharu
Format	Journal Article
Language	English
Published	New York Springer US 01.08.2024 Society for In Vitro Biology
Subjects	Animal Genetics and Genomics Animals Apoptosis Apoptosis - genetics Bcl-2 protein Biomedical and Life Sciences Cell Biology Cell Culture Cell Differentiation Cell growth Cell Line Cell Proliferation Cell Survival Cell viability Chronic illnesses Developmental Biology Duchenne's muscular dystrophy Dystrophy Gene expression Life Sciences Mice Muscle Development Muscle regulatory factor Muscle, Skeletal - cytology Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism Muscles Muscular dystrophy Musculoskeletal system Myoblasts Myoblasts - cytology Myoblasts - metabolism Pattern analysis pro-apoptotic proteins Progenitor cells Proteins Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 - genetics Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 - metabolism RNA, Small Interfering - metabolism Satellite cells siRNA Skeletal muscle Stem Cells Transfection Bcl-2 Skeletal muscle regeneration Muscle satellite cells Reserve cells Quiescence
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Abstract	Summary Skeletal muscle's regenerative ability is vital for maintaining muscle function, but chronic diseases like Duchenne muscular dystrophy can deplete this capacity. Muscle satellite cells, quiescent in normal situations, are activated during muscle injury, expressing myogenic regulatory factors, and producing myogenic progenitor cells. It was reported that muscle stem cells in primary culture and reserve cells in C2C12 cells express anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. Although the role of Bcl-2 expressed in myogenic cells has been thought to be to enhance cell viability, we hypothesized that Bcl-2 may promote the formation of reserve cells. The expression pattern analysis showed the expression of Bcl-2 in undifferentiated mononucleated cells, emphasizing its usefulness as a reserve cell marker and reminding us that cells expressing Bcl-2 have low proliferative potential. Silencing of Bcl-2 by transfection with siRNA decreased cell viability and the number of reserve cells, while overexpression of Bcl-2 not only increases cell viability but also inhibits muscle differentiation and proliferation. These results emphasize dual roles of Bcl-2 in protecting cells from apoptosis and contributing to reserve cell formation by regulating myoblast proliferation and/or differentiation. Overall, the study sheds light on the multifaceted role of Bcl-2 in the maintenance of skeletal muscle regeneration.
AbstractList	Skeletal muscle's regenerative ability is vital for maintaining muscle function, but chronic diseases like Duchenne muscular dystrophy can deplete this capacity. Muscle satellite cells, quiescent in normal situations, are activated during muscle injury, expressing myogenic regulatory factors, and producing myogenic progenitor cells. It was reported that muscle stem cells in primary culture and reserve cells in C2C12 cells express anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. Although the role of Bcl-2 expressed in myogenic cells has been thought to be to enhance cell viability, we hypothesized that Bcl-2 may promote the formation of reserve cells. The expression pattern analysis showed the expression of Bcl-2 in undifferentiated mononucleated cells, emphasizing its usefulness as a reserve cell marker and reminding us that cells expressing Bcl-2 have low proliferative potential. Silencing of Bcl-2 by transfection with siRNA decreased cell viability and the number of reserve cells, while overexpression of Bcl-2 not only increases cell viability but also inhibits muscle differentiation and proliferation. These results emphasize dual roles of Bcl-2 in protecting cells from apoptosis and contributing to reserve cell formation by regulating myoblast proliferation and/or differentiation. Overall, the study sheds light on the multifaceted role of Bcl-2 in the maintenance of skeletal muscle regeneration.Skeletal muscle's regenerative ability is vital for maintaining muscle function, but chronic diseases like Duchenne muscular dystrophy can deplete this capacity. Muscle satellite cells, quiescent in normal situations, are activated during muscle injury, expressing myogenic regulatory factors, and producing myogenic progenitor cells. It was reported that muscle stem cells in primary culture and reserve cells in C2C12 cells express anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. Although the role of Bcl-2 expressed in myogenic cells has been thought to be to enhance cell viability, we hypothesized that Bcl-2 may promote the formation of reserve cells. The expression pattern analysis showed the expression of Bcl-2 in undifferentiated mononucleated cells, emphasizing its usefulness as a reserve cell marker and reminding us that cells expressing Bcl-2 have low proliferative potential. Silencing of Bcl-2 by transfection with siRNA decreased cell viability and the number of reserve cells, while overexpression of Bcl-2 not only increases cell viability but also inhibits muscle differentiation and proliferation. These results emphasize dual roles of Bcl-2 in protecting cells from apoptosis and contributing to reserve cell formation by regulating myoblast proliferation and/or differentiation. Overall, the study sheds light on the multifaceted role of Bcl-2 in the maintenance of skeletal muscle regeneration. Skeletal muscle's regenerative ability is vital for maintaining muscle function, but chronic diseases like Duchenne muscular dystrophy can deplete this capacity. Muscle satellite cells, quiescent in normal situations, are activated during muscle injury, expressing myogenic regulatory factors, and producing myogenic progenitor cells. It was reported that muscle stem cells in primary culture and reserve cells in C2C12 cells express anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. Although the role of Bcl-2 expressed in myogenic cells has been thought to be to enhance cell viability, we hypothesized that Bcl-2 may promote the formation of reserve cells. The expression pattern analysis showed the expression of Bcl-2 in undifferentiated mononucleated cells, emphasizing its usefulness as a reserve cell marker and reminding us that cells expressing Bcl-2 have low proliferative potential. Silencing of Bcl-2 by transfection with siRNA decreased cell viability and the number of reserve cells, while overexpression of Bcl-2 not only increases cell viability but also inhibits muscle differentiation and proliferation. These results emphasize dual roles of Bcl-2 in protecting cells from apoptosis and contributing to reserve cell formation by regulating myoblast proliferation and/or differentiation. Overall, the study sheds light on the multifaceted role of Bcl-2 in the maintenance of skeletal muscle regeneration. Summary Skeletal muscle's regenerative ability is vital for maintaining muscle function, but chronic diseases like Duchenne muscular dystrophy can deplete this capacity. Muscle satellite cells, quiescent in normal situations, are activated during muscle injury, expressing myogenic regulatory factors, and producing myogenic progenitor cells. It was reported that muscle stem cells in primary culture and reserve cells in C2C12 cells express anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. Although the role of Bcl-2 expressed in myogenic cells has been thought to be to enhance cell viability, we hypothesized that Bcl-2 may promote the formation of reserve cells. The expression pattern analysis showed the expression of Bcl-2 in undifferentiated mononucleated cells, emphasizing its usefulness as a reserve cell marker and reminding us that cells expressing Bcl-2 have low proliferative potential. Silencing of Bcl-2 by transfection with siRNA decreased cell viability and the number of reserve cells, while overexpression of Bcl-2 not only increases cell viability but also inhibits muscle differentiation and proliferation. These results emphasize dual roles of Bcl-2 in protecting cells from apoptosis and contributing to reserve cell formation by regulating myoblast proliferation and/or differentiation. Overall, the study sheds light on the multifaceted role of Bcl-2 in the maintenance of skeletal muscle regeneration. SummarySkeletal muscle's regenerative ability is vital for maintaining muscle function, but chronic diseases like Duchenne muscular dystrophy can deplete this capacity. Muscle satellite cells, quiescent in normal situations, are activated during muscle injury, expressing myogenic regulatory factors, and producing myogenic progenitor cells. It was reported that muscle stem cells in primary culture and reserve cells in C2C12 cells express anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. Although the role of Bcl-2 expressed in myogenic cells has been thought to be to enhance cell viability, we hypothesized that Bcl-2 may promote the formation of reserve cells. The expression pattern analysis showed the expression of Bcl-2 in undifferentiated mononucleated cells, emphasizing its usefulness as a reserve cell marker and reminding us that cells expressing Bcl-2 have low proliferative potential. Silencing of Bcl-2 by transfection with siRNA decreased cell viability and the number of reserve cells, while overexpression of Bcl-2 not only increases cell viability but also inhibits muscle differentiation and proliferation. These results emphasize dual roles of Bcl-2 in protecting cells from apoptosis and contributing to reserve cell formation by regulating myoblast proliferation and/or differentiation. Overall, the study sheds light on the multifaceted role of Bcl-2 in the maintenance of skeletal muscle regeneration.
Author	Nagata, Yosuke Tomimori, Jun Hagiwara, Tomoharu
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Yosuke orcidid: 0000-0002-9655-2939 surname: Nagata fullname: Nagata, Yosuke email: nagata.yosuke@ous.ac.jp organization: Department of Bioscience, Faculty of Life Science, Okayama University of Science, Department of Life Science, Faculty of Science, Okayama University of Science, Department of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Okayama University of Science – sequence: 2 givenname: Jun surname: Tomimori fullname: Tomimori, Jun organization: Department of Life Science, Faculty of Science, Okayama University of Science – sequence: 3 givenname: Tomoharu surname: Hagiwara fullname: Hagiwara, Tomoharu organization: Department of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Okayama University of Science
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Keywords	Bcl-2 Skeletal muscle regeneration Muscle satellite cells Reserve cells Quiescence
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Snippet	Summary Skeletal muscle's regenerative ability is vital for maintaining muscle function, but chronic diseases like Duchenne muscular dystrophy can deplete this... Skeletal muscle's regenerative ability is vital for maintaining muscle function, but chronic diseases like Duchenne muscular dystrophy can deplete this... SummarySkeletal muscle's regenerative ability is vital for maintaining muscle function, but chronic diseases like Duchenne muscular dystrophy can deplete this...
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SubjectTerms	Animal Genetics and Genomics Animals Apoptosis Apoptosis - genetics Bcl-2 protein Biomedical and Life Sciences Cell Biology Cell Culture Cell Differentiation Cell growth Cell Line Cell Proliferation Cell Survival Cell viability Chronic illnesses Developmental Biology Duchenne's muscular dystrophy Dystrophy Gene expression Life Sciences Mice Muscle Development Muscle regulatory factor Muscle, Skeletal - cytology Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism Muscles Muscular dystrophy Musculoskeletal system Myoblasts Myoblasts - cytology Myoblasts - metabolism Pattern analysis pro-apoptotic proteins Progenitor cells Proteins Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 - genetics Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 - metabolism RNA, Small Interfering - metabolism Satellite cells siRNA Skeletal muscle Stem Cells Transfection
Title	Anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 contributes to the determination of reserve cells during myogenic differentiation of C2C12 cells
URI	https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11626-024-00905-3 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38619740 https://www.proquest.com/docview/3087556666 https://www.proquest.com/docview/3039236459 https://www.proquest.com/docview/3153724007
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