The Neuronal Correlates of Indeterminate Sentence Comprehension: An fMRI Study
Sentences such as are indeterminate because they do not make explicit what the subject ( ) started doing with the object ( ). In principle, indeterminate sentences allow for an infinite number of interpretations. One theory, however, assumes that these sentences are resolved by , a linguistic proces...
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| Published in | Frontiers in human neuroscience Vol. 10; p. 614 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Switzerland
Frontiers Research Foundation
20.12.2016
Frontiers Media S.A |
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| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1662-5161 1662-5161 |
| DOI | 10.3389/fnhum.2016.00614 |
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| Abstract | Sentences such as
are indeterminate because they do not make explicit what the subject (
) started doing with the object (
). In principle, indeterminate sentences allow for an infinite number of interpretations. One theory, however, assumes that these sentences are resolved by
, a linguistic process that forces the noun
to be interpreted as an
(e.g.,
) or by a process that interpolates this activity information in the resulting enriched semantic composition. An alternative theory,
, assumes classical semantic composition, whereby meaning arises from the denotation of words and how they are combined syntactically, with enrichment obtained via pragmatic inferences beyond linguistic-semantic processes. Cognitive neuroscience studies investigating the neuroanatomical and functional correlates of indeterminate sentences have shown activations either at the ventromedial pre-frontal cortex (vmPFC) or at the left inferior frontal gyrus (L-IFG). These studies have supported the semantic coercion theory assuming that one of these regions is where enriched semantic composition takes place. Employing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we found that indeterminate sentences activate bilaterally the superior temporal gyrus (STG), the right inferior frontal gyrus (R-IFG), and the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), more so than control sentences (
). Activation of indeterminate sentences exceeded that of anomalous sentences (…
) and engaged more left- and right-hemisphere areas than other sentence types. We suggest that the widespread activations for indeterminate sentences represent the deployment of pragmatic-inferential processes, which seek to enrich sentence content without necessarily resorting to semantic coercion. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Sentences such as
are indeterminate because they do not make explicit what the subject (
) started doing with the object (
). In principle, indeterminate sentences allow for an infinite number of interpretations. One theory, however, assumes that these sentences are resolved by
, a linguistic process that forces the noun
to be interpreted as an
(e.g.,
) or by a process that interpolates this activity information in the resulting enriched semantic composition. An alternative theory,
, assumes classical semantic composition, whereby meaning arises from the denotation of words and how they are combined syntactically, with enrichment obtained via pragmatic inferences beyond linguistic-semantic processes. Cognitive neuroscience studies investigating the neuroanatomical and functional correlates of indeterminate sentences have shown activations either at the ventromedial pre-frontal cortex (vmPFC) or at the left inferior frontal gyrus (L-IFG). These studies have supported the semantic coercion theory assuming that one of these regions is where enriched semantic composition takes place. Employing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we found that indeterminate sentences activate bilaterally the superior temporal gyrus (STG), the right inferior frontal gyrus (R-IFG), and the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), more so than control sentences (
). Activation of indeterminate sentences exceeded that of anomalous sentences (…
) and engaged more left- and right-hemisphere areas than other sentence types. We suggest that the widespread activations for indeterminate sentences represent the deployment of pragmatic-inferential processes, which seek to enrich sentence content without necessarily resorting to semantic coercion. Sentences such as The author started the book are indeterminate because they do not make explicit what the subject (the author) started doing with the object (the book). In principle, indeterminate sentences allow for an infinite number of interpretations. One theory, however, assumes that these sentences are resolved by semanticcoercion, a linguistic process that forces the noun book to be interpreted as an activity (e.g., writing the book) or by a process that interpolates this activity information in the resulting enriched semantic composition. An alternative theory, pragmatic, assumes classical semantic composition, whereby meaning arises from the denotation of words and how they are combined syntactically, with enrichment obtained via pragmatic inferences beyond linguistic-semantic processes. Cognitive neuroscience studies investigating the neuroanatomical and functional correlates of indeterminate sentences have shown activations either at the ventromedial pre-frontal cortex (vmPFC) or at the left inferior frontal gyrus (L-IFG). These studies have supported the semantic coercion theory assuming that one of these regions is where enriched semantic composition takes place. Employing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we found that indeterminate sentences activate bilaterally the superior temporal gyrus (STG), the right inferior frontal gyrus (R-IFG), and the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), more so than control sentences (The author wrote the book). Activation of indeterminate sentences exceeded that of anomalous sentences (…drank the book) and engaged more left- and right-hemisphere areas than other sentence types. We suggest that the widespread activations for indeterminate sentences represent the deployment of pragmatic-inferential processes, which seek to enrich sentence content without necessarily resorting to semantic coercion.Sentences such as The author started the book are indeterminate because they do not make explicit what the subject (the author) started doing with the object (the book). In principle, indeterminate sentences allow for an infinite number of interpretations. One theory, however, assumes that these sentences are resolved by semanticcoercion, a linguistic process that forces the noun book to be interpreted as an activity (e.g., writing the book) or by a process that interpolates this activity information in the resulting enriched semantic composition. An alternative theory, pragmatic, assumes classical semantic composition, whereby meaning arises from the denotation of words and how they are combined syntactically, with enrichment obtained via pragmatic inferences beyond linguistic-semantic processes. Cognitive neuroscience studies investigating the neuroanatomical and functional correlates of indeterminate sentences have shown activations either at the ventromedial pre-frontal cortex (vmPFC) or at the left inferior frontal gyrus (L-IFG). These studies have supported the semantic coercion theory assuming that one of these regions is where enriched semantic composition takes place. Employing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we found that indeterminate sentences activate bilaterally the superior temporal gyrus (STG), the right inferior frontal gyrus (R-IFG), and the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), more so than control sentences (The author wrote the book). Activation of indeterminate sentences exceeded that of anomalous sentences (…drank the book) and engaged more left- and right-hemisphere areas than other sentence types. We suggest that the widespread activations for indeterminate sentences represent the deployment of pragmatic-inferential processes, which seek to enrich sentence content without necessarily resorting to semantic coercion. Sentences such as The author started the book are indeterminate because they do not make explicit what the subject ( the author ) started doing with the object ( the book ). In principle, indeterminate sentences allow for an infinite number of interpretations. One theory, however, assumes that these sentences are resolved by semantic coercion , a linguistic process that forces the noun book to be interpreted as an activity (e.g., writing the book ) or by a process that interpolates this activity information in the resulting enriched semantic composition. An alternative theory, pragmatic , assumes classical semantic composition, whereby meaning arises from the denotation of words and how they are combined syntactically, with enrichment obtained via pragmatic inferences beyond linguistic-semantic processes. Cognitive neuroscience studies investigating the neuroanatomical and functional correlates of indeterminate sentences have shown activations either at the ventromedial pre-frontal cortex (vmPFC) or at the left inferior frontal gyrus (L-IFG). These studies have supported the semantic coercion theory assuming that one of these regions is where enriched semantic composition takes place. Employing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we found that indeterminate sentences activate bilaterally the superior temporal gyrus (STG), the right inferior frontal gyrus (R-IFG), and the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), more so than control sentences ( The author wrote the book ). Activation of indeterminate sentences exceeded that of anomalous sentences (… drank the book ) and engaged more left- and right-hemisphere areas than other sentence types. We suggest that the widespread activations for indeterminate sentences represent the deployment of pragmatic-inferential processes, which seek to enrich sentence content without necessarily resorting to semantic coercion. Sentences such as "The author started the book" are indeterminate because they do not make explicit what the subject (the author) started doing with the object (the book). In principle, indeterminate sentences allow for an infinite number of interpretations. One theory, however, assumes that these sentences are resolved by semantic coercion, a linguistic process that forces the noun "book" to be interpreted as an activity (e.g., writing the book) or by a process that interpolates this activity information in the resulting enriched semantic composition. An alternative theory, pragmatic, assumes classical semantic composition, whereby meaning arises from the denotation of words and how they are combined syntactically, with enrichment obtained via pragmatic inferences beyond linguistic-semantic processes. Cognitive neuroscience studies investigating the neuroanatomical and functional correlates of indeterminate sentences have shown activations either at the ventromedial pre-frontal cortex or at the left inferior frontal gyrus. These studies have supported the semantic coercion theory assuming that one of these regions is where enriched semantic composition takes place. Employing fMRI, we found that indeterminate sentences activate bilaterally the superior temporal gyrus, the right inferior frontal gyrus, and the anterior cingulate cortex, more so than control sentences ("The author wrote the book"). Activation of indeterminate sentences exceeded that of anomalous sentences ("…drank the book") and engaged more left- and right-hemisphere areas than other sentence types. We suggest that the widespread activations for indeterminate sentences represent the deployment of pragmatic-inferential processes, which seek to enrich sentence content without necessarily resorting to semantic coercion. |
| Author | Gillon, Brendan Jarema, Gonia Riven, Levi Dwivedi, Veena D. Manouilidou, Christina Lungu, Ovidiu de Almeida, Roberto G. |
| AuthorAffiliation | 5 Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Université de Montréal Montreal, QC, Canada 3 Unité de Neuroimagerie Fonctionnelle, Institute Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Université de Montréal Montreal, QC, Canada 4 Department of Applied Linguistics, Brock University St. Catharines, ON, Canada 1 Department of Psychology, Concordia University Montreal, QC, Canada 2 Department of Comparative and General Linguistics, University of Ljubljana Ljubljana, Slovenia 6 Department of Linguistics, McGill University Montreal, QC, Canada |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 1 Department of Psychology, Concordia University Montreal, QC, Canada – name: 3 Unité de Neuroimagerie Fonctionnelle, Institute Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Université de Montréal Montreal, QC, Canada – name: 4 Department of Applied Linguistics, Brock University St. Catharines, ON, Canada – name: 5 Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Université de Montréal Montreal, QC, Canada – name: 2 Department of Comparative and General Linguistics, University of Ljubljana Ljubljana, Slovenia – name: 6 Department of Linguistics, McGill University Montreal, QC, Canada |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Roberto G. surname: de Almeida fullname: de Almeida, Roberto G. – sequence: 2 givenname: Levi surname: Riven fullname: Riven, Levi – sequence: 3 givenname: Christina surname: Manouilidou fullname: Manouilidou, Christina – sequence: 4 givenname: Ovidiu surname: Lungu fullname: Lungu, Ovidiu – sequence: 5 givenname: Veena D. surname: Dwivedi fullname: Dwivedi, Veena D. – sequence: 6 givenname: Gonia surname: Jarema fullname: Jarema, Gonia – sequence: 7 givenname: Brendan surname: Gillon fullname: Gillon, Brendan |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28066204$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1016_j_neuroscience_2025_02_050 crossref_primary_10_1093_brain_awy270 crossref_primary_10_3389_fpsyg_2021_741685 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00429_020_02196_2 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_lingua_2024_103754 crossref_primary_10_1111_cogs_13388 crossref_primary_10_3389_fpsyg_2021_616065 crossref_primary_10_1093_cercor_bhaa222 |
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| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | 2016. This work is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. Copyright © 2016 de Almeida, Riven, Manouilidou, Lungu, Dwivedi, Jarema and Gillon. 2016 de Almeida, Riven, Manouilidou, Lungu, Dwivedi, Jarema and Gillon |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: 2016. This work is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. – notice: Copyright © 2016 de Almeida, Riven, Manouilidou, Lungu, Dwivedi, Jarema and Gillon. 2016 de Almeida, Riven, Manouilidou, Lungu, Dwivedi, Jarema and Gillon |
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| Keywords | fMRI indeterminate sentences inferior frontal gyrus compositionality pragmatics semantic coercion anterior cingulate cortex superior temporal gyrus |
| Language | English |
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| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23 Reviewed by: Frank van der Velde, University of Twente, Netherlands; Lars Kuchinke, International Psychoanalytic University Berlin, Germany Edited by: Srikantan S. Nagarajan, University of California, San Francisco, USA |
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| Snippet | Sentences such as
are indeterminate because they do not make explicit what the subject (
) started doing with the object (
). In principle, indeterminate... Sentences such as "The author started the book" are indeterminate because they do not make explicit what the subject (the author) started doing with the object... Sentences such as The author started the book are indeterminate because they do not make explicit what the subject (the author) started doing with the object... Sentences such as The author started the book are indeterminate because they do not make explicit what the subject ( the author ) started doing with the object... |
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| SubjectTerms | Cognitive ability Cortex (cingulate) Cortex (frontal) Cortex (temporal) Eye movements Frontal gyrus Functional anatomy Functional magnetic resonance imaging Handbooks Hemispheric laterality Linguistics Nervous system Neuroscience NMR Nuclear magnetic resonance Reading Semantics Superior temporal gyrus Temporal gyrus Theory |
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| Title | The Neuronal Correlates of Indeterminate Sentence Comprehension: An fMRI Study |
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