Effect of cadmium and calcium treatments on phytochelatin and glutathione levels in citrus plants
Industry residues, phosphate fertilisers and wastewater as a source of irrigation have considerably increased levels of heavy metals in the soil, mainly cadmium (Cd(2+)). To test the effects of a calcium (Ca(2+)) treatment on Cd(2+) accumulation and plant tolerance to this heavy metal, plants of two...
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Published in | Plant biology (Stuttgart, Germany) Vol. 16; no. 1; pp. 79 - 87 |
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Main Authors | , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
England
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
01.01.2014
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Abstract | Industry residues, phosphate fertilisers and wastewater as a source of irrigation have considerably increased levels of heavy metals in the soil, mainly cadmium (Cd(2+)). To test the effects of a calcium (Ca(2+)) treatment on Cd(2+) accumulation and plant tolerance to this heavy metal, plants of two citrus genotypes, Cleopatra mandarin (CM) and Carrizo citrange (CC), were watered with increasing concentrations of Cd(2+), and phytochelatin (PC) and glutathione (GSH) content were measured. Both genotypes were able to synthesise PCs in response to heavy metal intoxication, although CM seems to be a better Cd(2+) excluder than CC. However, data indicate that CC plants had a higher capacity for regenerating GSH than CM plants. In this context, the effects of Ca(2+) treatment on Cd(2+) accumulation, plant survival and PC, GSH and oxidised glutathione (GSSG) content were assessed. Data indicate that treatment with Ca(2+) had two positive effects on citrus physiology: it reduced Cd(+2) uptake into roots and also increased GSH content (even in the absence of Cd(2+)). Overall, the data indicate that although Cd(2+) exclusion is a powerful mechanism to avoid heavy metal build-up into photosynthetic organs, the capacity to maintain optimum GSH levels to feed PC biosynthesis could also be an important factor in stress tolerance. |
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AbstractList | Abstract
Industry residues, phosphate fertilisers and wastewater as a source of irrigation have considerably increased levels of heavy metals in the soil, mainly cadmium (Cd
2+
). To test the effects of a calcium (Ca
2+
) treatment on Cd
2+
accumulation and plant tolerance to this heavy metal, plants of two citrus genotypes, Cleopatra mandarin (
CM
) and Carrizo citrange (
CC
), were watered with increasing concentrations of Cd
2+
, and phytochelatin (
PC
) and glutathione (
GSH
) content were measured. Both genotypes were able to synthesise
PC
s in response to heavy metal intoxication, although
CM
seems to be a better Cd
2+
excluder than
CC
. However, data indicate that
CC
plants had a higher capacity for regenerating
GSH
than
CM
plants. In this context, the effects of Ca
2+
treatment on Cd
2+
accumulation, plant survival and
PC
,
GSH
and oxidised glutathione (
GSSG
) content were assessed. Data indicate that treatment with Ca
2+
had two positive effects on citrus physiology: it reduced Cd
+2
uptake into roots and also increased
GSH
content (even in the absence of Cd
2+
). Overall, the data indicate that although Cd
2+
exclusion is a powerful mechanism to avoid heavy metal build‐up into photosynthetic organs, the capacity to maintain optimum
GSH
levels to feed
PC
biosynthesis could also be an important factor in stress tolerance. Industry residues, phosphate fertilisers and wastewater as a source of irrigation have considerably increased levels of heavy metals in the soil, mainly cadmium (Cd(2+)). To test the effects of a calcium (Ca(2+)) treatment on Cd(2+) accumulation and plant tolerance to this heavy metal, plants of two citrus genotypes, Cleopatra mandarin (CM) and Carrizo citrange (CC), were watered with increasing concentrations of Cd(2+), and phytochelatin (PC) and glutathione (GSH) content were measured. Both genotypes were able to synthesise PCs in response to heavy metal intoxication, although CM seems to be a better Cd(2+) excluder than CC. However, data indicate that CC plants had a higher capacity for regenerating GSH than CM plants. In this context, the effects of Ca(2+) treatment on Cd(2+) accumulation, plant survival and PC, GSH and oxidised glutathione (GSSG) content were assessed. Data indicate that treatment with Ca(2+) had two positive effects on citrus physiology: it reduced Cd(+2) uptake into roots and also increased GSH content (even in the absence of Cd(2+)). Overall, the data indicate that although Cd(2+) exclusion is a powerful mechanism to avoid heavy metal build-up into photosynthetic organs, the capacity to maintain optimum GSH levels to feed PC biosynthesis could also be an important factor in stress tolerance. |
Author | López-Climent, M. F. Zandalinas, S. I. Arbona, V. Gómez-Cadenas, A. Pérez-Clemente, R. M. |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: M. F. surname: López-Climent fullname: López-Climent, M. F. organization: Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló, Spain – sequence: 2 givenname: V. surname: Arbona fullname: Arbona, V. organization: Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló, Spain – sequence: 3 givenname: R. M. surname: Pérez-Clemente fullname: Pérez-Clemente, R. M. organization: Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló, Spain – sequence: 4 givenname: S. I. surname: Zandalinas fullname: Zandalinas, S. I. organization: Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló, Spain – sequence: 5 givenname: A. surname: Gómez-Cadenas fullname: Gómez-Cadenas, A. email: A. Gómez Cadenas, Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural Universitat Jaume I, Campus Riu Sec, E-12071 Castelló, Spain., aurelio.gomez@uji.es organization: Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló, Spain |
BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23574491$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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Keywords | cadmium toxicity heavy metal Abiotic stress palliative treatment |
Language | English |
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Notes | ark:/67375/WNG-4783CLSL-Z Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación Universitat Jaume I/Fundació Bancaixa through - No. AGL2010-22195-C03-01/AGR; No. P11B2009-01 istex:BBFA9491C793793E9C9E9CA7D8F833FF28DA9FF2 ArticleID:PLB12006 Supplementary material S1. Identification of phytochelatins and thiol containing compounds by mass spectrometrySupplementary material S2. Typical symptoms of cadmium toxicity in citrusSupplementary material S3. Recovery assays were carried out for GSH and GSSG by spiking citrus root tissue (at the moment of sample grinding) with known amounts of standards of both analytes.Supplementary material S4. Effect of cadmium treatments on GSH and GSSG content in roots of two genotypes of citrus. ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
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SubjectTerms | Abiotic stress Cadmium - metabolism Cadmium - pharmacology cadmium toxicity Calcium - metabolism Calcium - pharmacology Citrus - metabolism Glutathione - metabolism heavy metal palliative treatment Phytochelatins - metabolism Plant Leaves - metabolism Plant Roots - metabolism |
Title | Effect of cadmium and calcium treatments on phytochelatin and glutathione levels in citrus plants |
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